sop
English[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- soppe (obsolete)
Etymology[edit]
From Middle English sop, soppe, sope, from Old English sopa (“sopped bread”), from Proto-Germanic *supô (compare Dutch sop, Old High German sopfa), deverbative of *sūpaną (“to sup”). More at sup; compare soup.
Pronunciation[edit]
- (Received Pronunciation) IPA(key): /sɒp/
- Rhymes: -ɒp
Audio (UK) (file)
Noun[edit]
sop (countable and uncountable, plural sops)
- Something entirely soaked.
- c. 1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Troylus and Cressida”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene iii], column 1:
- The bounded Waters, / Should lift their boſomes higher then the Shores, / And make a ſoppe of all this ſolid Globe:
- A piece of solid food to be soaked in liquid food.
- 1611, The Holy Bible, […] (King James Version), London: […] Robert Barker, […], OCLC 964384981, John 13:26, column 1:
- […] Hee it is to whom I ſhall giue a ſoppe, when I haue dipped it.
- 1631, Francis [Bacon], “VIII. Century.”, in Sylua Syluarum: Or A Naturall Historie. In Ten Centuries. […], 3rd edition, London: […] William Rawley; [p]rinted by J[ohn] H[aviland] for William Lee […], paragraph 726, page 182, OCLC 1044372886:
- […] Sops in Wine, (Quantitie for Quantitie,) inebriate more, than Wine of it ſelfe.
- Something given or done to pacify or bribe.
- 1692, Roger L’Estrange, “[The Fables of Æsop, &c.] Fab[le] LXXXVIII. A Man Bit by a Dog.”, in Fables, of Æsop and Other Eminent Mythologists: […], London: […] R[ichard] Sare, […], OCLC 228727523, page 85:
- Ill Nature, in fine, is not to be Cur’d with a Sop; but on the contrary, Quarrelſome Men, as well as Quarrelſome Currs are worſe for fair Uſage.
- 1996, Bernard Knox, Introduction to Robert Fagles's translation of The Odyssey:
- The suggested petrification of the ship is a sop to gratify Poseidon and compensate him for a concession--the Phaeacians will not be cut off from the sea.
- 2020, Robert Kagan, “China’s dangerous Taiwan temptation”, in Washington Post[1]:
- That agreement, with its lofty promises of “one country, two systems,” was a fig leaf, as most knew at the time — a sop to Western consciences guilty for condemning the people of Hong Kong to their ultimate fate as wards of Beijing. What is happening today is exactly what was predicted and exactly what Chinese leaders intended. Our outrage, while appropriate, is also embarrassing.
- A weak, easily frightened or ineffectual person; a milksop
- (Appalachia) Gravy.
- (obsolete) A thing of little or no value.
- A piece of turf placed in the road as a target for a throw in road bowling.
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
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Verb[edit]
sop (third-person singular simple present sops, present participle sopping, simple past and past participle sopped)
- (transitive) To steep or dip in any liquid.
- 1928, Newman Ivey White, American Negro Folk-Songs, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, page 227:
- When I die, don't bury me deep, / Put a jug of 'lasses at my feet, / And a piece of corn bread in my hand, / Gwine to sop my way to the promised land.
- 1945 December 27, Emily Post, “Sopping Bread May Be Done”, in The Spokesman-Review[2]:
- So again let me say that sopping bread into gravy can be done properly merely by putting a piece down on the gravy and then soaking it with the help of a knife and fork as though it were any other food. But taking a soft piece of bread and pushing it under the sauce with your fingers, submerging them as well as the bread, or even wiping the plate with it would be very bad manners indeed.
- (intransitive) To soak in, or be soaked; to percolate.
Derived terms[edit]
Translations[edit]
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Anagrams[edit]
Dutch[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Dutch sop (“soup”), from Old Dutch *sop, from Proto-Germanic *suppą. In the sense “water with soap” it is a shortening of zeepsop.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
sop n (plural soppen, diminutive sopje n)
- water with soap, usually for washing
- the sea in terms of somebody who will sail on it
- Het ruime sop kiezen.
- To set sail.
- (now dialectal) Archaic form of soep.
Derived terms[edit]
Descendants[edit]
- Afrikaans: sop
Indonesian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Noun[edit]
sop (first-person possessive sopku, second-person possessive sopmu, third-person possessive sopnya)
Irish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Middle Irish sop(p), from Latin stuppa (“coarse flax, tow”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
sop m (genitive singular soip, nominative plural soip)
Declension[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
Verb[edit]
sop (present analytic sopann, future analytic sopfaidh, verbal noun sopadh, past participle soptha)
- (transitive) light with straw
Conjugation[edit]
* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis
Mutation[edit]
Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Eclipsis |
sop | shop after an, tsop |
not applicable |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading[edit]
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “sop”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “sop”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Entries containing “sop” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
- Entries containing “sop” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.
Middle English[edit]
Noun[edit]
sop
- small amount of food
- c. 1370-1390, William Langland, Piers Plowman
- And if he soupeth, eteth but a sop
- c. 1370-1390, William Langland, Piers Plowman
Tok Pisin[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Noun[edit]
sop
- cleaner
- sop bilong tit ― toothpaste
West Frisian[edit]
Etymology[edit]
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun[edit]
sop n (plural soppen, diminutive sopke)
Derived terms[edit]
Further reading[edit]
- “sop”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011
West Uvean[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Noun[edit]
sop
References[edit]
- Claire Moyse-Faurie, Borrowings from Romance languages in Oceanic languages, in Aspects of Language Contact (2008, →ISBN
- English terms inherited from Middle English
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