sop

See also: SOP and söp

English

Etymology

From Middle English sop, soppe, sope, from Old English sopa (“sopped bread”), from Proto-Germanic *supô (compare Dutch sop, Old High German sopfa), deverbative of *sūpaną (“to sup”). More at sup; compare soup.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /sɒp/
• Rhymes: -ɒp

Noun

sop (plural sops)

1. Something entirely soaked.
   • c. 1602, William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Troylus and Cressida”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies: Published According to the True Originall Copies (First Folio), London: Printed by Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, OCLC 606515358, [Act I, scene iii]:

     The bounded waters / Should lift their bosoms higher than the shores, / And make a sop of all this solid globe.

2. A piece of solid food to be soaked in liquid food.
   • Bible, John xiii. 26

     He it is to whom I shall give a sop, when I have dipped it.

   • (Can we date this quote by Francis Bacon and provide title, author's full name, and other details?)

     Sops in wine, quantity for quantity, inebriate more than wine itself.

3. Something given or done to pacify or bribe.
   • (Can we date this quote by L'Estrange and provide title, author's full name, and other details?)

     All nature is cured with a sop.

   • 1996, Bernard Knox, Introduction to Robert Fagles's translation of The Odyssey:

     The suggested petrification of the ship is a sop to gratify Poseidon and compensate him for a concession--the Phaeacians will not be cut off from the sea.

4. A weak, easily frightened or ineffectual person; a milksop
5. (Appalachia) Gravy.
6. (obsolete) A thing of little or no value.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Piers Plowman to this entry?)

7. A piece of turf placed in the road as a target for a throw in road bowling.

Derived terms

• sippet

Translations

something entirely soaked

• Georgian: დასველებული (dasvelebuli)

piece of food to be soaked

• Catalan: borratxo (ca) m
• Dutch: sopbroodje

• Persian: تریت‎ (fa) (terit)

something given or done to pacify or bribe

• Czech: úlitba (cs) f
• Dutch: zoenoffer (nl)

• Finnish: lahjus (fi)
• Russian: пода́чка (ru) f (podáčka)

easily frightened person — see milksop

gravy — see gravy

Verb

sop (third-person singular simple present sops, present participle sopping, simple past and past participle sopped)

1. (transitive) To steep or dip in any liquid.
   • 1928, Newman Ivey White, American Negro Folk-Songs, Cambridge: Harvard University Press, page 227:

     When I die, don't bury me deep, / Put a jug of 'lasses at my feet, / And a piece of corn bread in my hand, / Gwine to sop my way to the promised land.

   • 1945 December 27, Emily Post, “Sopping Bread May Be Done”, in The Spokesman-Review‎^[1]:

     So again let me say that sopping bread into gravy can be done properly merely by putting a piece down on the gravy and then soaking it with the help of a knife and fork as though it were any other food. But taking a soft piece of bread and pushing it under the sauce with your fingers, submerging them as well as the bread, or even wiping the plate with it would be very bad manners indeed.

2. (intransitive) To soak in, or be soaked; to percolate.

Derived terms

• sop up

Translations

to steep or dip in liquid

• Finnish: kastaa (fi)

Anagrams

• OPS, POS, POs, PSO, ops, pos

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Dutch

Etymology

From Middle Dutch sop, from Old Dutch *sop, from Proto-Germanic *suppą.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɔp/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɔp

Noun

sop n (plural soppen, diminutive sopje n)

1. water with soap, usually for washing
2. the sea in terms of somebody who will sail on it

   Het ruime sop kiezen.

   To set sail.

Derived terms

• zeepsop

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Indonesian

Noun

sop (plural, first-person possessive sopku, second-person possessive sopmu, third-person possessive sopnya)

1. soup

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Irish

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

sop m (genitive singular soip, nominative plural soip)

1. wisp, small bundle (of straw, etc.)
2. straw bedding; (straw) bed

Declension

Declension of sop

First declension

Bare forms: Case Singular Plural Nominative sop soip Vocative a shoip a shopa Genitive soip sop Dative sop soip

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Plural Nominative an sop na soip Genitive an tsoip na sop Dative leis an sop don sop leis na soip

Derived terms

• dul chun soip (“to go to bed”)
• sopachán m (“straw bedding; straw pallet, shakedown; nesting material; wispy person; unkempt person”)
• sop a chur faoin eallach (“to bed down the cattle”)
• sopaireacht f (“(act of) gathering wisps (for bedding, nest)”)
• sopán m, sopóg f (“(little) wisp; little bundle, handful, of straw, etc.; torch (of straw, bog-deal)”)
• sopcheann m (“mophead”)
• sop de dhuine (“wispy person; unkempt person”)
• sop reaca (“vintner’s bush”)
• sop siúirdín, sop siúirlín (“twisted wisp of straw as light for pipe”)
• sop srathrach (“straddle-mat”)
• tuidín soip (“trumpery thing”)

 

Verb

sop (present analytic sopann, future analytic sopfaidh, verbal noun sopadh, past participle soptha)

1. (transitive) light with straw

Conjugation

First Conjugation (A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative	present	sopaim	sopann tú; sopair†	sopann sé, sí	sopaimid	sopann sibh	sopann siad; sopaid†	a shopann; a shopas / a sopann*; a sopas*	soptar
	past	shop mé; shopas	shop tú; shopais	shop sé, sí	shopamar; shop muid	shop sibh; shopabhair	shop siad; shopadar	a shop / ar shop*	sopadh
	past habitual	shopainn / sopainn‡‡	shoptá / soptᇇ	shopadh sé, sí / sopadh sé, s퇇	shopaimis; shopadh muid / sopaimis‡‡; sopadh muid‡‡	shopadh sibh / sopadh sibh‡‡	shopaidís; shopadh siad / sopaidís‡‡; sopadh siad‡‡	a shopadh / a sopadh*	shoptaí / sopta퇇
	future	sopfaidh mé; sopfad	sopfaidh tú; sopfair†	sopfaidh sé, sí	sopfaimid; sopfaidh muid	sopfaidh sibh	sopfaidh siad; sopfaid†	a shopfaidh; a shopfas / a sopfaidh*; a sopfas*	sopfar
conditional		shopfainn / sopfainn‡‡	shopfá / sopfᇇ	shopfadh sé, sí / sopfadh sé, s퇇	shopfaimis; shopfadh muid / sopfaimis‡‡; sopfadh muid‡‡	shopfadh sibh / sopfadh sibh‡‡	shopfaidís; shopfadh siad / sopfaidís‡‡; sopfadh siad‡‡	a shopfadh / a sopfadh*	shopfaí / sopfa퇇
subjunctive	present	go sopa mé; go sopad†	go sopa tú; go sopair†	go sopa sé, sí	go sopaimid; go sopa muid	go sopa sibh	go sopa siad; go sopaid†	—	go soptar
	past	dá sopainn	dá soptá	dá sopadh sé, sí	dá sopaimis; dá sopadh muid	dá sopadh sibh	dá sopaidís; dá sopadh siad	—	dá soptaí
imperative		sopaim	sop	sopadh sé, sí	sopaimis	sopaigí; sopaidh†	sopaidís	—	soptar
verbal noun		sopadh
past participle		soptha

* Indirect relative
† Archaic or dialect form
‡‡ Dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis

Mutation

Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Eclipsis
sop	shop after an, tsop	not applicable
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• "sop" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
• Entries containing “sop” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
• Entries containing “sop” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

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Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English soap.

Noun

sop

1. cleaner

   sop bilong tit ― toothpaste

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West Frisian

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

sop n (plural soppen, diminutive sopke)

1. juice
2. soup

Derived terms

• sinesappelsop

Further reading

• “sop”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

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West Uvean

Etymology

From English soap.

Noun

sop

1. soap

References

• Claire Moyse-Faurie, Borrowings from Romance languages in Oceanic languages, in Aspects of Language Contact (2008, →ISBN