禱

See also: 祷

禱 U+79B1, 禱 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-79B1 ← 禰 [U+79B0] CJK Unified Ideographs 禲 → [U+79B2]

Translingual

Japanese	祷
Simplified	祷
Traditional	禱

Han character

禱 (Kangxi radical 113, 示+14, 19 strokes, cangjie input 戈火土弓戈 (IFGNI), four-corner 3424₁, composition ⿰礻壽)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 847, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24852
• Dae Jaweon: page 1269, character 5
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2410, character 10
• Unihan data for U+79B1

Chinese

trad.		禱
simp.		祷
alternative forms		𥛇 𥛈 𥙸 𥜣 𮖻

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (壽) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
禱	*tuːʔ, *tuːs
擣	*tuːʔ
檮	*tuːʔ, *duː, *du
壔	*tuːʔ
懤	*tuːʔ, *du, *dus
濤	*duː, *duː
燾	*duː, *duːs
翿	*duː, *duːs
幬	*duːs, *du
儔	*duːs, *du
譸	*tu
籌	*du
疇	*du
躊	*du
燽	*du
薵	*du
魗	*tʰjuʔ, *dju
醻	*dju
壽	*djuʔ, *djus
璹	*djuʔ, *djuɡ
鑄	*tjos

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dǎo (dao³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄠˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tou² / dou²
• Eastern Min (BUC): dō̤
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tó / tó͘

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dǎo
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄠˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dǎo
    • Wade–Giles: tao³
    • Yale: dǎu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dao
    • Palladius: дао (dao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tɑʊ̯²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: tou² / dou²
    • Yale: tóu / dóu
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tou² / dou²
    • Guangdong Romanization: tou² / dou²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰou̯³⁵/, /tou̯³⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: dō̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /to³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tó
    • Tâi-lô: tó
    • Phofsit Daibuun: doir
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɤ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /to⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /to⁵³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tó͘
    • Tâi-lô: tóo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dor
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tɔ⁵⁵⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tawX, tawH

Rime
Character	禱	禱
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	端 (5)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	都晧切	都導切
Baxter	tawX	tawH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tɑuX/	/tɑuH/
Pan Wuyun	/tɑuX/	/tɑuH/
Shao Rongfen	/tɑuX/	/tɑuH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tawX/	/tawH/
Li Rong	/tɑuX/	/tɑuH/
Wang Li	/tɑuX/	/tɑuH/
Bernard Karlgren	/tɑuX/	/tɑuH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dǎo	dào
Expected Cantonese Reflex	dou2	dou3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[t]ˤuʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*tuːʔ/, /*tuːs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	禱
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dǎo
Middle Chinese	‹ tawX ›
Old Chinese	/*[t]ˁuʔ/
English	pray
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	禱	禱
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	11678	11683
Phonetic component	壽	壽
Rime group	幽	幽
Rime subdivision	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	倒	到
Old Chinese	/*tuːʔ/	/*tuːs/

Definitions

禱

1. to pray

   默禱／默祷  ―  mòdǎo  ―  to pray silently

   • 吉日維戊，既伯既禱。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, trad.]
     吉日维戊，既伯既祷。 [Pre-Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Classic of Poetry, c. 11^th – 7^th centuries BCE, translated based on James Legge's version

     Jírì wéi wù, jì bó jì dǎo. [Pinyin]

     A lucky day was wù, and we sacrificed on it to the Ruler of horses, and prayed.

   • 1999, 西伯 (lyrics and music), “上帝聽禱告”‎^[1]performed by 鄧婉玲 and 蘇如紅:

     神啊　可否聽聽我禱 [Literary Cantonese, trad.]
     神啊　可否听听我祷 [Literary Cantonese, simp.]

     san⁴ aa³, ho² fau² teng¹ teng¹ ngo⁵ tou² [Jyutping]

     O God, can You listen to me pray?

Compounds

• 丘禱／丘祷
• 代禱／代祷 (dàidǎo)
• 企禱／企祷
• 分禱／分祷
• 厭禱／厌祷
• 善頌善禱／善颂善祷
• 塞禱／塞祷
• 宜禱／宜祷 (yídǎo)
• 密禱／密祷
• 情禱／情祷
• 惡禱／恶祷
• 懇禱／恳祷
• 戰禱／战祷
• 拜禱／拜祷
• 攻禱／攻祷
• 啟禱／启祷
• 早禱／早祷
• 晨禱／晨祷 (chéndǎo)
• 晚禱／晚祷 (wǎndǎo)
• 桑林禱／桑林祷
• 步禱／步祷
• 泣禱／泣祷
• 湯禱桑林／汤祷桑林
• 澆禱／浇祷
• 焚禱／焚祷
• 申禱／申祷
• 盼禱／盼祷
• 祀禱／祀祷
• 祈晴禱雨／祈晴祷雨
• 祈禱／祈祷 (qídǎo)
• 祈禱文／祈祷文
• 祈風禱雨／祈风祷雨
• 祝禱／祝祷 (zhùdǎo)
• 祠禱／祠祷
• 祭禱／祭祷
• 禜禱／𰱈祷
• 禡禱／祃祷
• 禱切／祷切
• 禱告／祷告 (dǎogào)
• 禱塞／祷塞
• 禱巫／祷巫
• 禱念／祷念
• 禱戰／祷战
• 禱文／祷文 (dǎowén)
• 禱書／祷书
• 禱求／祷求
• 禱牲／祷牲
• 禱獻／祷献
• 禱盼／祷盼
• 禱祀／祷祀
• 禱祈／祷祈 (dǎoqí)
• 禱祉／祷祉
• 禱祠／祷祠
• 禱祝／祷祝 (dǎozhù)
• 禱福／祷福
• 禱禬／祷𰧻
• 禱禳／祷禳
• 禱詞／祷词
• 禱請／祷请
• 禱謝／祷谢
• 禱賽／祷赛
• 禱辭／祷辞
• 禱雨／祷雨
• 禱雩／祷雩
• 禱頌／祷颂
• 禳禱／禳祷
• 籲禱／吁祷
• 至禱／至祷
• 致禱／致祷
• 葆禱／葆祷
• 解禱／解祷
• 請禱／请祷
• 讄禱／讄祷
• 賽禱／赛祷
• 醊禱／醊祷
• 雩禱／雩祷
• 頌禱／颂祷 (sòngdǎo)
• 馨香禱祝／馨香祷祝
• 默禱／默祷 (mòdǎo)
• 齋禱／斋祷

 

References

• “禱”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[2], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Shinjitai	祷
Kyūjitai	禱

Kanji

禱

(Jinmeiyō kanji, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 祷)

1. pray
2. entreat
3. beg
4. plead
5. prayer

Readings

• Go-on: とう (tō)^{←たう (tau, historical)}
• Kan-on: とう (tō)^{←たう (tau, historical)}
• Kun: いのり (inori, 禱り)、いのる (inoru, 禱る)、まつる (matsuru, 禱る)

Korean

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation

• (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA^(key): [to̞]
• Phonetic hangul: [도]

Hanja

Wikisource

禱 • (do) (hangeul 도, revised do, McCune–Reischauer to, Yale to)

1. to pray