粲

粲 U+7CB2, 粲 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7CB2 ← 粱 [U+7CB1] CJK Unified Ideographs 粳 → [U+7CB3]

Translingual

Han character

粲 (Kangxi radical 119, 米+7, 13 strokes, cangjie input 卜水火木 (YEFD), four-corner 2790₄, composition ⿱𣦼米)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 909, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26966
• Dae Jaweon: page 1335, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3148, character 14
• Unihan data for U+7CB2

Chinese

trad.		粲
simp. #		粲
alternative forms		𥹏 𥺤

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (粲) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
餐	*sʰaːn
湌	*sʰaːn
粲	*sʰaːns
燦	*sʰaːns
璨	*sʰaːns
薒	*sʰaːns
殩	*sʰoːns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰaːns) : phonetic 𣦼 () + semantic 米 (“rice”).

Etymology 1

From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-sal (“clear, bright, pleasant”) (Unger, 1990; Schuessler, 2007; STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan སལ་བ། (sal ba, “clear, distinct, bright”).

Benedict, 1972 compares this with Tibetan མཚར་བ (mtshar ba, “bright, shining, beautiful”) yet this isn't preferrable consider Middle Chinese *tsʰ- corresponds to Written Tibetan gs-.

Same word as 燦 (OC *sʰaːns)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): càn (can⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄘㄢˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): caan³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: càn
    • Zhuyin: ㄘㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: càn
    • Wade–Giles: tsʻan⁴
    • Yale: tsàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsann
    • Palladius: цань (canʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰän⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: caan³
    • Yale: chaan
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsaan³
    • Guangdong Romanization: can³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰaːn³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: tshanH

Rime
Character	粲
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	蒼案切
Baxter	tshanH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰɑnH/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰɑnH/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɑnH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰanH/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰɑnH/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰɑnH/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sʰɑnH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	càn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	caan3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]ˤar-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰaːns/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	粲
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	càn
Middle Chinese	‹ tshanH ›
Old Chinese	/*[tsʰ]ˁar-s/
English	bright and white
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	粲
Reading #	1/1
No.	1119
Phonetic component	粲
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	粲
Old Chinese	/*sʰaːns/
Notes	聲符本歺又，粲爲去蕪取精， 與之同源

Definitions

粲

1. (literary) polished white rice
2. (literary) bright; radiant
3. (literary) beautiful; splendid
4. (literary) smiling; beaming
5. (literary) numerous; multitudinous
6. (literary) Alternative form of 餐 (cān, “meal”)

Compounds

• 一粲
• 白粲
• 粲然 (cànrán)
• 粲然可觀／粲然可观
• 粲爛／粲烂 (cànlàn)
• 粲粲 (càncàn)
• 粲者
• 粲花之論／粲花之论
• 翠粲
• 舌粲蓮花／舌粲莲花
• 荀粲熨婦／荀粲熨妇

 

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 粲 – see 燦 (“vivid; illuminating; bright; lustrous”). (This character is the draft (1955) first-round simplified and variant form of 燦).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

References

• “粲”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

粲

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: さん (san)
• Kan-on: さん (san)
• Kun: いい (ī)
• Nanori: あきら (akira)、きよし (kiyoshi)、つばら (tsubara)

Korean

Hanja

粲 • (chan) (hangeul 찬, revised chan, McCune–Reischauer ch'an, Yale chan)

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Vietnamese

Han character

粲: Hán Nôm readings: sán, xán

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

• Nom Foundation