弟子

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Chinese[edit]

younger brother
 
child; son; (noun suffix)
child; son; (noun suffix); small thing; seed; egg; 1st earthly branch; 11 p.m.–1 a.m., midnight
simp. and trad.
(弟子) 		弟 子
alternative forms 弟仔 Northern Min
anagram 子弟

Pronunciation[edit]

Rime
Character 弟 弟 子
Reading # 1/2 2/2 1/1
Initial (聲) 定 (7) 定 (7) 精 (13)
Final (韻) 齊 (39) 齊 (39) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Rising (X) Departing (H) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open Open Open
Division (等) IV IV III
Fanqie 徒禮切 特計切 即里切
Baxter dejX dejH tsiX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/deiX/ /deiH/ /t͡sɨX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/deiX/ /deiH/ /t͡sɨX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/dɛiX/ /dɛiH/ /t͡sieX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/dɛjX/ /dɛjH/ /t͡sɨX/
Li
Rong 		/deiX/ /deiH/ /t͡siəX/
Wang
Li 		/dieiX/ /dieiH/ /t͡sĭəX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/dʱieiX/ /dʱieiH/ /t͡siX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		dì dì zǐ
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		dai6 dai6 zi2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 弟 子 子
Reading # 1/1 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		dì zǐ zǐ
Middle
Chinese 		‹ dejX › ‹ tsiX › ‹ tsiX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*lˁəjʔ/ /*[ts]əʔ/ /*tsəʔ/
English younger brother 1st earthly branch child; gentleman, master

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 弟 弟 子
Reading # 1/2 2/2 1/1
No. 2294 2297 17857
Phonetic
component 		弟 弟 子
Rime
group 		脂 脂 之
Rime
subdivision 		1 1 0
Corresponding
MC rime 		弟 第 子
Old
Chinese 		/*diːlʔ/ /*diːls/ /*ʔslɯʔ/
Notes 甲金文象繩束弋（朱芳圃說），繞弋繩須次第不亂方利於射，
爲第初文

Noun[edit]

弟子

  1. disciple; follower
  2. (dialectal Mandarin, Northern Min, dialectal Wu) younger brother

Synonyms[edit]

Dialectal synonyms of 弟弟 (“younger brother”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 弟
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 弟弟
Mandarin Beijing 兄弟, 弟弟
Taiwan 弟弟
Harbin 兄弟, 弟弟
Yantai (Muping) 兄兒, 兄弟
Jinan 兄弟, 弟弟
Luoyang 兄弟
Wanrong 兄弟 male speaker, 弟子 female speaker
Xi'an 兄弟
Yinchuan 兄弟
Xining 兄弟, 弟弟
Ürümqi 弟弟, 兄弟, 富康子
Wuhan 弟弟, 兄弟
Chengdu 弟娃兒, 兄弟, 弟弟
Guiyang 弟, 兄弟, 弟弟 childish
Liuzhou 弟, 阿弟, 老弟
Xuzhou 弟弟, 兄弟
Yangzhou 兄弟, 弟弟
Nanjing 弟弟, 兄弟
Hefei 兄弟, 弟弟
Nantong 弟子
Malaysia 弟弟
Singapore 弟弟
Sokuluk (Gansu Dungan) 兄弟
Cantonese Guangzhou 細佬, 弟弟
Hong Kong 細佬, 弟弟
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 細佬
Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou) 細佬
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 細佬
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 阿弟
Macau 細佬
Guangzhou (Panyu) 細佬
Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu) 細佬
Guangzhou (Conghua) 細佬
Guangzhou (Zengcheng) 細佬
Foshan 細佬
Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai) 細佬
Foshan (Shunde) 細佬
Foshan (Sanshui) 細佬
Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming) 細佬
Zhongshan (Shiqi) 細佬
Zhuhai (Qianshan) 細佬
Zhuhai (Doumen, Shangheng Tanka) 細佬
Zhuhai (Doumen) 細佬
Jiangmen (Baisha) 細佬
Jiangmen (Xinhui) 細佬
Taishan 細佬, 阿弟, 細, 弟
Kaiping (Chikan) 阿弟, 細佬
Enping (Niujiang) 阿弟
Heshan (Yayao) 細佬
Dongguan 細佬, 弟弟
Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an) 細佬
Shaoguan 細佬
Yangjiang 小弟
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 細佬
Singapore (Guangfu) 細佬
Gan Nanchang 老弟, 兄弟
Lichuan 弟
Pingxiang 老弟
Hakka Meixian 老弟, 老弟仔
Xingning 老弟, 老弟里
Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 老弟
Huiyang 老弟
Huidong (Daling) 老弟
Dongguan (Qingxi) 老弟
Shenzhen (Shatoujiao) 老弟
Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui) 老弟
Wuhua (Shuizhai) 老弟
Wuhua (Huacheng) 老弟
Wuhua (Changbu) 老弟
Wuhua (Mianyang) 老弟
Wuhua (Meilin) 老弟
Heyuan (Bendihua) 老弟
Wengyuan 老弟
Shaoguan (Qujiang) 老弟
Lianshan (Xiaosanjiang) 老弟
Liannan 老弟
Conghua (Lütian) 弟弟
Jiexi 老弟
Luhe 老弟
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 阿弟
Changting 老弟
Wuping 老弟
Wuping (Yanqian) 老弟子
Wuping (Pingyu) 老弟子
Liancheng 老弟
Ninghua 老弟
Yudu 老弟
Ningdu 老弟
Ruijin 老弟
Shicheng 老弟
Shangyou (Shexi) 老弟
Tonggu (Sandu) 老弟
Ganzhou (Panlong) 老弟
Dayu 弟佬
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 老弟
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 老弟
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 老弟
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 老弟
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 老弟
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 阿弟
Hong Kong 老弟
Yangxi (Tangkou) 老弟
Yangchun (Sanjia) 細佬
Xinyi (Sihe) 老弟, 細佬
Xinyi (Qianpai) 老弟, 細佬
Gaozhou (Xindong) 老弟
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 老弟
Huazhou (Xin'an) 老弟
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 老弟
Lianjiang (Qingping) 阿弟, 老弟
Mengshan (Xihe) 老弟
Luchuan 老弟
Sabah (Bao'an) 老弟
Sabah (Longchuan) 老弟
Senai (Huiyang) 老弟
Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo) 老弟
Singkawang 阿弟, 老弟
Huizhou Jixi 弟
Jin Taiyuan 兄弟, 弟弟
Xinzhou 兄弟
Northern Min Jian'ou 弟仔
Eastern Min Fuzhou 依弟 face-to-face, 弟
Southern Min Xiamen 小弟, 阿弟 face-to-face
Quanzhou 小弟, 阿弟 face-to-face
Zhangzhou 小弟, 阿弟 face-to-face
Zhao'an 細弟仔, 細弟
Kaohsiung 小弟
Yilan 小弟
Changhua (Lukang) 小弟
Taichung 小弟
Taichung (Wuqi) 小弟
Tainan 小弟
Taitung 小弟
Hsinchu 小弟
Penghu (Magong) 小弟
Penang (Hokkien) 小弟, 阿棣
Singapore (Hokkien) 小弟, 阿弟 face-to-face
Manila (Hokkien) 小弟
Chaozhou 阿弟
Shantou 阿弟
Jieyang 阿弟
Haifeng 阿弟, 弟, 弟弟
Bangkok (Teochew) 阿弟
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 阿弟
Singapore (Teochew) 阿弟
Leizhou 老弟
Haikou 老弟 non-face-to-face, 阿弟 face-to-face
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 細佬, 弟弟
Sanxiang 細佬
Southern Pinghua Nanning (Tingzi) 老弟
Wu Shanghai 弟弟, 阿弟, 兄弟
Shanghai (Chongming) 兄弟
Suzhou 兄弟, 弟弟
Danyang 弟子
Hangzhou 阿弟, 弟弟
Ningbo 阿弟, 弟弟 face-to-face
Wenzhou 阿弟
Jinhua 弟
Xiang Changsha 老弟, 弟弟
Loudi 老弟
Shuangfeng 老弟, 弟弟
  • (disciple):

Descendants[edit]

Sino-Xenic (弟子):

Japanese[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
弟 子
てい
Grade: 2 		し
Grade: 1
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 弟子 (MC dejX tsiX). Probably the initial borrowing.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

弟(てい)子(し) • (teishi) 

  1. a disciple, an apprentice
  2. (Buddhism) on a mala or Buddhist rosary, the ten small beads closest to the end of the portion that hangs free from the largest bead

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
弟 子
で
Grade: 2 		し
Grade: 1
on’yomi

Appears to be a shift from teishi above. This is now the most common reading for the disciple, apprentice sense.

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

弟(で)子(し) • (deshi) 

  1. an apprentice, a disciple
    • Kore Yamazaki, “第1篇　April showers bring May flowers.”, in [魔法使いの嫁](The Ancient Magus Bride), volume 1 (fiction), Tokyo: Mag Garden, page 20:
      君(きみ)を魔法使い(ぼく)の弟(で)子(し)として歓(かん)迎(げい)するよ　死の愛し仔(スレイ・ベガ)…いや　チセ
      Kimi o boku no deshi to shite kangeisuru yo Surei Bega… Iya Chise
      You are welcome as my apprentice, Sleih Beggey… I mean, Chise

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
弟 子
おと
Grade: 2 		こ > ご
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

Compound of 弟 (oto, “younger”, cognate with 弟 (otōto, “younger brother”), itself from oto + 人 (hito, “person”)) +‎ 子 (ko, “child”).[2] The ko changes to go as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Alternative forms[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

弟(おと)子(ご) • (otogo) 

  1. the youngest child
  2. short for 弟子月 (otogo-zuki, “December” in the lunar calendar)
Synonyms[edit]

(youngest child):

(December):

References[edit]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

Anagrams[edit]

Korean[edit]

Hanja in this term
弟子

Noun[edit]

弟子 • (jeja) (hangeul 제자)

  1. Hanja form? of 제자 (“disciple; pupil”).

Vietnamese[edit]

chữ Hán Nôm in this term
弟子

Noun[edit]

弟子

  1. chữ Hán form of đệ tử (“disciple; underling”).
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