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切る

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Japanese

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Kanji in this term

Grade: 2
kun'yomi
Alternative spellings
斬る
伐る
截る

Etymology

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⟨ki1ru⟩ → */kjiru//kiru/

From Old Japanese,[1][2] from Proto-Japonic *kiru. Cognate with Miyako (きぃー, ksïï), Okinawan 切ーん (ちーん, chīn), Yaeyama 切すん (きぃすん, kïsun).

Pronunciation

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  • Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「切る
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Terminal (終止形)
Attributive (連体形)
切る [kíꜜrù]
Imperative (命令形) 切れ [kíꜜrè]
Key constructions
Passive 切られる られ [kìráréꜜrù]
Causative 切らせる らせ [kìráséꜜrù]
Potential 切れる [kìréꜜrù]
Volitional 切ろう [kìróꜜò]
Negative 切らない ない [kìráꜜnàì]
Negative perfective 切らなかった なかった [kìráꜜnàkàttà]
Formal 切ります りま [kìrímáꜜsù]
Perfective 切った った [kíꜜttà]
Conjunctive 切って って [kíꜜttè]
Hypothetical conditional 切れば れば [kíꜜrèbà]

Verb

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() (kirugodan (stem () (kiri), past ()った (kitta))

Japanese verb pair
active 切る
mediopassive 切れる
  1. to cut, to slice, to carve
    ()(さい)()(かた)
    yasai no kiri-kata
    how to cut vegetables
  2. cut down, fell, chop down
    ()()
    ki o kiru
    to cut down a tree
  3. prune, trim, shear
  4. cut flat things such as cloth or paper
    (かみ)きれい()
    kami o kirei ni kiru
    to cut paper nicely
  5. cut a person with a sword, cut down, kill
  6. separate from the main body, cut off, break away
  7. perform an action as if by cutting
  8. discontinue an action, cut off, break off, turn off, hang up
    電源(でんげん)()
    dengen o kiru
    to cut off power → to power off
    電話(でんわ)()
    denwa o kiru
    to hang up the phone
  9. cut or sever connection with
  10. cut off or divide by or as if by partition
  11. perform an action boldly
  12. go under, be less than (numerically)
    Synonym: 下回る (shitamawaru)
    1時間(いちじかん)()
    ichi-jikan o kiru
    to be under one hour
  13. to remove; to run out
    ()()
    yukiri
    draining of hot water
    (かみ)水気(みずけ)()
    kami no mizuke o kiru
    to remove the moisture from the hair

Conjugation

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Synonyms

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Antonyms

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Derived terms

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Suffix

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() (-kiru

  1. finish, be through
  2. perform an action thoroughly or decisively

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN