宣

See also: 宜

Translingual

Han character

宣 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 十一日一 (JMAM), four-corner 3010₆, composition ⿱宀亘)

Derived characters

• 萱, 箮, 喧, 塇, 媗, 愃, 揎, 暄, 楦, 渲, 煊, 瑄, 睻, 碹, 縇, 翧, 蝖, 諠, 鍹, 鰚, 䙋, 䳦

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 284, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7132
• Dae Jaweon: page 562, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 923, character 10
• Unihan data for U+5BA3

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		宣
alternative forms		𠖚 (historical form) 𡨈 (historical form) 𡩦 (historical form) 𡪏 (historical form) 㝉 (second-round simplified)

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 宣
Shang	Western Zhou	Warring States	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Chu slip and silk script	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (亘) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
烜	*qʰrolʔ, *qʰonʔ
貆	*qʰoːn, *ɡoːn, *qʰon
峘	*ɡoːn, *ɡɯːŋ
狟	*ɡoːn
絙	*ɡoːn, *kɯːŋ
荁	*ɡoːn
宣	*sqʰon
咺	*qʰonʔ
暅	*qʰonʔ
桓	*ɡʷaːn
洹	*ɡʷaːn, *ɢʷan
揎	*sqʰʷan
愃	*sqʰʷan, *qʰʷanʔ
瑄	*sqʰʷan
渲	*sqʰʷans
喧	*qʰʷan
萱	*qʰʷan
暄	*qʰʷan
諠	*qʰʷan
翧	*qʰʷan
蝖	*qʰʷan
垣	*ɢʷan
楦	*qʰʷans

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xuān (xuan¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄩㄢ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): syun¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): siên
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): soan

  (Teochew, Peng'im): suang¹ / suêng¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xuān
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄩㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: syuan
    • Wade–Giles: hsüan¹
    • Yale: sywān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiuan
    • Palladius: сюань (sjuanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕy̯ɛn⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: syun¹
    • Yale: syūn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: syn¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: xun¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /syːn⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siên
    • Hakka Romanization System: xien´
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xian¹
    • Sinological IPA: /si̯en²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: soan
    • Tâi-lô: suan
    • Phofsit Daibuun: soafn
    • IPA (Xiamen): /suan⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /suan³³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /suan⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Taipei): /suan⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /suan⁴⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: suang¹ / suêng¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: suang / sueng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /suaŋ³³/, /sueŋ³³/

Note:

• suang1 - Shantou;
• suêng1 - Chaozhou.

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• Middle Chinese: sjwen

Rime
Character	宣
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	仙 (78)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	須緣切
Baxter	sjwen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/siuᴇn/
Pan Wuyun	/sʷiɛn/
Shao Rongfen	/sjuæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/swian/
Li Rong	/siuɛn/
Wang Li	/sĭwɛn/
Bernard Karlgren	/si̯wɛn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xuān
Expected Cantonese Reflex	syun1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s-qʷar/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sqʰon/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	宣
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xuān
Middle Chinese	‹ sjwen ›
Old Chinese	/*s-qʷar/
English	spread (v.)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	宣
Reading #	1/1
No.	3954
Phonetic component	亘
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	宣
Old Chinese	/*sqʰon/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 宣

1. (literary) to declare; to announce; to proclaim
2. (archaic) to command (from a sovereign to a subject)
3. (Internet slang) to like (contraction of 喜歡／喜欢 (xǐhuan))

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Japanese

Kanji

宣

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

1. proclaim, announce
2. say

Readings

• Go-on: せん (sen, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: せん (sen, Jōyō)
• Kun: のたまう (notamau, 宣う)^{←のたまふ (notamafu, 宣ふ, historical)}; のたまわく (notamawaku, 宣わく)^{←のたまはく (notamafaku, 宣はく, historical)}; のべる (noberu, 宣べる); のる (noru, 宣る)
• Nanori: のぶ (nobu)

Compounds

Compounds

• 宣言(せんげん) (sengen, “declaration”)
• 宣告(せんこく) (senkoku, “verdict”)
• 宣誓(せんせい) (sensei, “pledge, oath”)
• 宣託(せんたく) (sentaku)
• 宣伝(せんでん) (senden, “advertisement”)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
宣
せん Grade: 6
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 宣 (MC sjwen).

Noun

宣(せん) • (sen) 

1. proclamation (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

   Synonym: 宣旨 (senji)

Verb

宣(せん)する • (sen suru) suru (stem 宣(せん)し (sen shi), past 宣(せん)した (sen shita))

1. declare (Can we verify⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)

   Synonym: 宣言する (sengen suru)

Proper noun

宣(せん) • (Sen) 

1. a female given name
2. a surname

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Korean

Hanja

宣 • (seon) (hangeul 선, revised seon, McCune–Reischauer sŏn)

1. To declare, to give, to bestow.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 宣 (tuyên)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.