岩
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Han character
[edit]岩 (Kangxi radical 46, 山+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 山一口 (UMR), four-corner 22601, composition ⿱山石)
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 309, character 19
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7985
- Dae Jaweon: page 609, character 13
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 766, character 7
- Unihan data for U+5CA9
Chinese
[edit]trad. | 岩/嵒*/巗*/巖 | |
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simp. | 岩 | |
alternative forms | 嵓 |
Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 岩 | |
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Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Ideogrammic compound (會意/会意) : 山 (“hill”) + 石 (“rock”).
Originally written as 巖 – phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *ŋraːm) : semantic 山 (“hill”) + phonetic 嚴 (OC *ŋam). The variant form 岩 first appeared in the clerical script in the Han dynasty era.
Etymology
[edit]Cognate with 嚴 (OC *ŋam, “majestic; stern; grave”) and 儼 (OC *ŋamʔ, “dignified; majestic”). See 嚴 for more.
癌 (ái, “cancer”) is a derivative of 岩.
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): ngaam4
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngàm
- Eastern Min (BUC): ngàng
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6yi; 6nge
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˊ
- Tongyong Pinyin: yán
- Wade–Giles: yen2
- Yale: yán
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yan
- Palladius: янь (janʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /jɛn³⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: ngaam4
- Yale: ngàahm
- Cantonese Pinyin: ngaam4
- Guangdong Romanization: ngam4
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋaːm²¹/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngàm
- Hakka Romanization System: ngamˇ
- Hagfa Pinyim: ngam2
- Sinological IPA: /ŋam¹¹/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ngàng
- Sinological IPA (key): /ŋaŋ⁵³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: ngaem
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ]ˤr[a]m/
- (Zhengzhang): /*ŋraːm/
Definitions
[edit]岩
- cliff
- rock; stone; -ite
- mountain peak
- cave
- (obsolete) tall; steep
- (obsolete) precipitous and strategically located
Compounds
[edit]- 七星岩 (Qīxīngyán)
- 七里岩 (Qīlǐyán)
- 偉晶岩/伟晶岩
- 冰岩
- 冰磧岩/冰碛岩
- 凝灰岩 (nínghuīyán)
- 千岩萬壑/千岩万壑 (qiānyánwànhè)
- 噴出岩/喷出岩
- 大岩桐
- 大慈岩 (Dàcíyán)
- 安山岩 (ānshānyán)
- 岩圈
- 岩基
- 岩壁 (yánbì)
- 岩層/岩层
- 岩岸
- 岩床
- 岩心
- 岩棉
- 岩洞 (yándòng)
- 岩溶 (yánróng)
- 岩漿/岩浆 (yánjiāng)
- 岩灣/岩湾 (Yánwān)
- 岩田
- 岩石 (yánshí)
- 岩石圈 (yánshíquān)
- 岩石學/岩石学 (yánshíxué)
- 岩礁
- 岩羊 (yányáng)
- 岩脈/岩脉
- 岩鹽/岩盐
- 巉岩 (chányán)
- 懸岩/悬岩
- 攀岩 (pānyán)
- 斑岩 (bānyán)
- 板岩 (bǎnyán)
- 梅家岩 (Méijiāyán)
- 水成岩 (shuǐchéngyán)
- 沉積岩/沉积岩 (chénjīyán)
- 泥板岩 (níbǎnyán)
- 油頁岩/油页岩
- 流紋岩/流纹岩
- 浮岩 (fúyán)
- 深成岩
- 瀉水岩/泻水岩 (Xièshuǐyán)
- 火山岩 (huǒshānyán)
- 火成岩 (huǒchéngyán)
- 熔岩 (róngyán)
- 片岩 (piànyán)
- 片麻岩 (piànmáyán)
- 玄武岩 (xuánwǔyán)
- 玢岩 (bīnyán)
- 瘦岩岩
- 白雲岩/白云岩 (báiyúnyán)
- 石灰岩 (shíhuīyán)
- 石英岩
- 矽質岩/矽质岩
- 砂岩 (shāyán)
- 硬頁岩/硬页岩
- 磨變岩/磨变岩
- 礁岩
- 礫岩/砾岩 (lìyán)
- 粘板岩
- 粒變岩/粒变岩
- 粗面岩
- 紅岩寺/红岩寺 (Hóngyánsì)
- 結晶岩/结晶岩
- 膨土岩
- 花崗岩/花岗岩 (huāgāngyán)
- 角礫岩/角砾岩 (jiǎolìyán)
- 角頁岩/角页岩
- 輝綠岩/辉绿岩
- 輝長岩/辉长岩
- 鑼圈岩/锣圈岩 (Luóquānyán)
- 頁岩/页岩 (yèyán)
- 骨岩岩
- 高白岩 (Gāobáiyán)
- 黃牛岩/黄牛岩 (Huángniúyán)
- 黑曜岩 (hēiyàoyán)
- 龍巖/龙岩 (Lóngyán)
References
[edit]- “岩”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]Readings
[edit]Compounds
[edit]- 岩漿 (ganshō): magma
- 松脂岩 (shōshigan): pitchstone
Etymology 1
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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岩 |
いわ Grade: 2 |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spellings |
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巌 磐 |
/ipa/ → /ifa/ → /iwa/
From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū finished some time after 759 CE.[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]- rock
- 1999 July 22, “岩窟魔人オーガ・ロック [Cave Jinn Ogre Rock]”, in Vol.4, Konami:
- 体が岩のため守備は高い。太い腕のひと振りに注意。
- Karada ga iwa no tame shubi wa takai. Futoi ude no hitofuri ni chūi.
- Its defence is strong thanks to its rock body. Watch out for a swing of its massive arms.
- 体が岩のため守備は高い。太い腕のひと振りに注意。
Derived terms
[edit]- 岩穴 (iwaana)
- 巌 (iwao)
- 岩鏡 (iwakagami)
- 岩陰 (iwakage)
- 岩蟹 (iwagani)
- 岩国 (Iwakuni)
- 岩倉 (Iwakura)
- 岩菖蒲 (iwashōbu)
- 岩代 (Iwashiro)
- 岩茸 (iwatake)
- 岩煙草 (iwatabako)
- 岩狸 (iwadanuki)
- 岩手 (Iwate)
- 岩梨 (iwanashi)
- 岩登り (iwanobori)
- 岩鼻 (iwahana)
- 岩場 (iwaba)
- 岩袋 (iwabukuro)
- 岩髭 (iwahige)
- 岩屋 (iwaya)
- 岩ワラビー (iwawarabī)
- 天の岩戸 (Ama no Iwato)
- 浮岩 (ukiiwa)
Etymology 2
[edit]Kanji in this term |
---|
岩 |
がん Grade: 2 |
kan'on |
From Middle Chinese 岩 (MC ngaem).
Pronunciation
[edit]Affix
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ , text here
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]岩 (eum 암 (am))
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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Miyako
[edit]Kanji
[edit]Readings
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Ryukyuan *piri (compare 平良 (Pïsara, “Hirara”) < *pirara), from Proto-Japonic *piri (possibly related to *pira (“slope”)[1]).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]岩 (psïshi)
References
[edit]- ^ Pellard, Thomas. "A (more) comparative approach to some Japanese etymologies." Studies in Japanese and Korean historical and theoretical linguistics and beyond (2017): 55-64.
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]岩: Hán Nôm readings: nham, nhàm, nhem
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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