鉛

See also: 铅

Translingual

Alternative forms

• The 㕣 component's top can appear as 八, 儿, or 几.

Han character

鉛 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+5, 13 strokes, cangjie input 金金口 (CCR) or 金竹弓口 (CHNR), four-corner 8816₀, composition ⿰釒㕣)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1301, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40310
• Dae Jaweon: page 1803, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4189, character 1
• Unihan data for U+925B

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Chinese

trad.		鉛
simp.		铅
alternative forms		鈆／铅

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (沿) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
船	*ɦljon
沿	*lon
鉛	*lon

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *lon) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 㕣 (OC *lon) – a kind of metal.

Etymology

Most varieties have a pronunciation derived from a velar initial because it was probably re-etymologized as related to 掔 (MC khean|khen, “solid; hard”) (Schuessler, 2007).

This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): qiān, yán (qian¹, yan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧㄢ, ㄧㄢˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): yuan²

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jyun⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): yon³

• Gan (Wiktionary): nyyon⁴ / kan¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): yèn / yàn

  (Meixian, Guangdong): yan²

• Jin (Wiktionary): qie¹
• Northern Min (KCR): ṳ̂ing
• Eastern Min (BUC): iòng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): iân

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ing⁵

• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ¹khe
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): yenn²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qiān
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cian
    • Wade–Giles: chʻien¹
    • Yale: chyān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chian
    • Palladius: цянь (cjanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, literary variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yán
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yán
    • Wade–Giles: yen²
    • Yale: yán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yan
    • Palladius: янь (janʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛn³⁵/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: yuan²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: uan
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /yan²¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jyun⁴
    • Yale: yùhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jyn⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yun⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyːn²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: yon³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jᵘɔn²²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: nyyon⁴ / kan¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /n̠ʲyɵn³⁵/, /kʰan⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yèn
    • Hakka Romanization System: ienˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yan²
    • Sinological IPA: /i̯en¹¹/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yàn
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)ianˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yan²
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯an¹¹/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: yan²
    • Sinological IPA: /ian¹¹/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: qie¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕʰie¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ṳ̂ing
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /yiŋ³³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: iòng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /yoŋ⁵³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iân
    • Tâi-lô: iân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ieen
    • IPA (Xiamen): /iɛn²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /iɛn²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɛn¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /iɛn²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɛn²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ing⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: îng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ⁵⁵/
• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ¹khe
    • MiniDict: khe^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹khe
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /kʰe⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: yenn²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /y̯ẽ¹³/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 鉛
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡ɕʰian⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/t͡ɕʰian⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/t͡ɕʰian²¹/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕʰiã²¹³/
	Qingdao	/t͡ɕʰiã²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡ɕʰian²⁴/
	Xi'an	/t͡ɕʰiã²¹/
	Xining	/t͡ɕʰiã⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕʰian⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/t͡ɕʰiɛ̃n³¹/
	Ürümqi	/t͡ɕʰian⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕʰiɛn⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/yan³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕʰian⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕʰiɛ̃⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/t͡ɕʰien³¹/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕʰiĩ²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕʰie¹¹/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕʰiɑŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡ɕʰie³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/kʰe⁵³/
	Suzhou	/kʰe̞⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡ɕʰiẽ̞³³/
	Wenzhou	/kʰa³³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕʰie³¹/ /kʰɛ³¹/
	Tunxi	/kʰɔ¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/yẽ¹³/
	Xiangtan	/yẽ¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/ȵyɵn⁴⁵/ ～筆 /kʰan⁴²/ 洋～桶
Hakka	Meixian	/ian¹¹/
	Taoyuan	/ʒen¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jyn²¹/
	Nanning	/yn²¹/
	Hong Kong	/jyn²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/ian³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/yoŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/yiŋ³³/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/iŋ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/in³¹/

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• Middle Chinese: ywen

Rime
Character	鉛
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	仙 (78)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	與專切
Baxter	ywen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiuᴇn/
Pan Wuyun	/jʷiɛn/
Shao Rongfen	/juæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jwian/
Li Rong	/iuɛn/
Wang Li	/jĭwɛn/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯wɛn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yuán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyun4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*lon/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鉛
Reading #	1/1
No.	14281
Phonetic component	沿
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	3
Corresponding MC rime	沿
Old Chinese	/*lon/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 鉛

1. (chemistry) lead (Pb)
2. lead (in a pencil)

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yán (yan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄢˊ

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): jyun⁴

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): yon³

• Hakka (Meixian, Guangdong): yan²
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): iân

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ing⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yán
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yán
    • Wade–Giles: yen²
    • Yale: yán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: yan
    • Palladius: янь (janʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɛn³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: jyun⁴
    • Yale: yùhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: jyn⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: yun⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jyːn²¹/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: yon³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jᵘɔn²²/
• Hakka
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: yan²
    • Sinological IPA: /ian¹¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iân
    • Tâi-lô: iân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ieen
    • IPA (Xiamen): /iɛn²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /iɛn²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /iɛn¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /iɛn²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /iɛn²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ing⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: îng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /iŋ⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: ywen

Rime
Character	鉛
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	仙 (78)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	與專切
Baxter	ywen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/jiuᴇn/
Pan Wuyun	/jʷiɛn/
Shao Rongfen	/juæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/jwian/
Li Rong	/iuɛn/
Wang Li	/jĭwɛn/
Bernard Karlgren	/i̯wɛn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yuán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	jyun4

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 鉛

1. Used in 鉛山／铅山 (Yánshān).

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

鉛

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: えん (en, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: えん (en, Jōyō)
• Kun: なまり (namari, 鉛, Jōyō)

Etymology 1

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “cf. w:Peninsular Japonic”)

Pronunciation

Kanji in this term
鉛
なまり Grade: S
kun’yomi

Chemical element
Pb
Previous: タリウム (tariumu) (タリウム (tariumu)) (Tl)
Next: ビスマス (bisumasu) (ビスマス (bisumasu)) (Bi)

Noun

鉛(なまり) • (namari)  (uncountable)

1. lead (chemical element)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
鉛
えん Grade: S
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 鉛 (MC ywen).

Affix

鉛(えん) • (en) 

1. lead (chemical element)

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 鉛筆(えんぴつ) (enpitsu): pencil

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Korean

Hanja

鉛 • (yeon) (hangeul 연)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

鉛: Hán Việt readings: duyên (余(dư)專(chuyên)切(thiết))
鉛: Nôm readings: ven, diên, duyên

1. Template:han tu form of