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들다

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Korean

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Korean 들〮다〮 (túltá), from Old Korean 入乙 (*TUr-), the final rhotic also confirmed by linguistic reconstruction.

In the hangul script, first attested in the Yongbi eocheon'ga (龍飛御天歌 / 용비어천가), 1447, as Middle Korean 들〮다〮 (Yale: túltá).

All meanings are related (often via metaphor) to the primary meaning of "to enter".

Pronunciation

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  • (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [tɯɭda̠]
    • Audio:(file)
  • Phonetic hangul: []
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?deulda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?deulda
McCune–Reischauer?tŭlda
Yale Romanization?tulta

Verb

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들다 (deulda) (infinitive 들어, sequential 드니)

  1. (intransitive, both literal and figurative) to come in, go in, get in, enter
    Hypernyms: 들어오다 (deureooda, to come in), 들어가다 (deureogada, to go in)
    드니 상쾌하다.
    Sup-e deuni sangkwaehada.
    It's refreshing to enter the forest.
    무소부지 경지 들다musobuji-ui gyeongji-e deuldato enter a state of all-comprehensive knowledge
  2. (intransitive, of light, water, etc.) to enter, penetrate
    Synonym: 들어오다 (deureooda, to come in)
    창문 너무 많이 들어.
    Changmun-e hae-ga neomu mani deureo.
    There's too much sunlight coming in through the window.
  3. (intransitive) to enter a road or path
    왼쪽 들면 거야.
    Oenjjok gil-lo deulmyeon doel geoya.
    It should be fine once you go into the left street.
  4. (intransitive, with the cost as subject) to cost
    지하철 타는 1000 들었다.
    Jihacheor-eul taneun de cheonwon-i deureotda.
    It cost [me] a thousand won to ride the subway.
  5. (intransitive, of water, color, atmosphere, etc.) to permeate in, to saturate
    들다gan-i deuldato be spiced
    미국 들다migungmur-i deuldato be permeated with American influence
  6. (intransitive) to be included in
    계약서 들어 있습니다.
    Gyeyakseo-e deureo itseumnida.
    It's included in the contract.
    일등급 들다ildeunggeub-e deuldato be in the highest rank of the Korean grading system
    물이 어디에 들어 있어요?Muri eodie deureo isseoyo?Where is water in?
  7. (intransitive, of an event, especially weather-related) to occur
    흉년 들었다
    hyungnyeon-i deureotda
    A year of harvest failure occurred
  8. (transitive or intransitive) to join an organization, to enter into a contract
    보험 들었어.
    Boheom-eul deureosseo.
    I signed up for insurance.
  9. (transitive) to side with
  10. (auxiliary as 들고, often derogatory) to insist on doing, to strive
  11. (intransitive) Various idiomatic usages with different types of subjects:
    1. (with subject relating to thought) to think
      이상한 생각 든다
      isanghan saenggag-i deunda
      I get this weird thought
    2. (with subjects relating to disease) to contract, get
      독감 들다dokgam-i deuldato get the flu
    3. (with subjects relating to sleep) to fall asleep
      낮잠 들다natjam-i deuldato fall into a nap
    4. (with subject relating to habits) to get the habit
    5. (with subject relating to taste) to get the taste
      신맛 들다sinmas-i deuldato get sour
    6. (with subject relating to age) to get old
      나이 들다nai-ga deuldato get old, to put on years
    7. (euphemistic, with subject relating to a child) to get pregnant
    8. (with a subject relating to a blade) to be sharp, cut well
Usage notes
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  • (to physically enter a space): Nowadays, the compounds 들어오다 (deureooda, to come in) and 들어가다 (deureogada, to go in) are more common than the bare verb in literal, physical contexts.
Conjugation
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Derived terms
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(idioms):

(compound verbs):

  • 들어가다 (deureogada, to enter, go into, be installed)
  • 들어오다 (deureooda, to come in, earn, greet)
  • 들어맞다 (deureomatda, to answer, harmonize, prove true, match)
  • 들어박히다 (deureobakhida, to stay indoors, stick to)
  • 들어앉다 (deureoanda, to come closer, establish oneself)
  • 들어차다 (deureochada, to be full, crowded)
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Etymology 2

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First attested in the Seokbo sangjeol (釋譜詳節 / 석보상절), 1447, as Middle Korean 들다〮 (Yale: tùltá), from Proto-Koreanic *tu(N)l(u)-.

Pronunciation

[edit]
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?deulda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?deulda
McCune–Reischauer?tŭlda
Yale Romanization?tulta

Verb

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들다 (deulda) (infinitive 들어, sequential 드니)

  1. (transitive) to hold
    들다kar-eul deuldato hold a sword
    코트 들어 드릴까요?Koteu-reul deureo deurilkkayo?Shall I hold your coat?
    Audio:(file)
  2. (transitive) to raise, lift up
    들다son-eul deuldato raise one's hand
    나무 들다namu-reul deuldato lift up a tree
    Synonym: 올리다 (ollida)
  3. (transitive, by extension) to offer proof, arguments, etc.
    들다ye-reul deuldato provide an example
  4. (transitive, honorific, suppletive) Honorific form of 먹다 (meokda, to eat)
    Synonym: 잡수다 (japsuda)
    할아버지, 저녁 드세요!
    harabeoji, jeonyeok deuseyo!
    Grandpa, come out and have dinner!
Conjugation
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Etymology 3

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Related to 데리다 (derida)

Pronunciation

[edit]
Romanizations
Revised Romanization?deulda
Revised Romanization (translit.)?deulda
McCune–Reischauer?tŭlda
Yale Romanization?tulta

Verb

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들다 (deulda) (infinitive 들어, sequential 드니)

  1. (Jeolla dialect) to bring
    • 2018 March 6, 최현섭 [choehyeonseop], “당산제 모시기 [dangsanje mosigi]”, in 한국구비문학대계 [han'gukgubimunhakdaegye]‎[1], 광주광역시 북구 덕흥동 [gwangjugwang'yeoksi bukgu deokheungdong]:
      사람 인자 서이, 너이 장봇짐 ...
      Geu saram-deul deul-go inja seoi, neoi jangbotjim-eul heo-meun...
      If you brought those people and made them wear three, four big backpacks...