轍

See also: 辙

Translingual

Han character

轍 (Kangxi radical 159, 車+11 in traditional Chinese (Taiwan), 車+12 in Chinese (mainland China, Hong Kong), Japanese and Korean, 18 strokes in traditional Chinese (Taiwan), 19 strokes in mainland China and Japanese and Korean, cangjie input 十十卜月大 (JJYBK), four-corner 5804₀, composition ⿲車育攵)

Related characters

• 徹 撤

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1248, character 23
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 38524
• Dae Jaweon: page 1727, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 3557, character 1
• Unihan data for U+8F4D

---

Chinese

trad.		轍
simp.		辙
alternative forms		⿰车切 (second-round simplified)

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (徹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
徹	*tʰed
撤	*tʰed, *ded
澈	*ded
轍	*ded

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ded) : semantic 車 (“wagon”) + phonetic 徹 (OC *tʰed) (彳 removed from phonetic) – wagon tracks.

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhé, chè (zhe², che⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄜˊ, ㄔㄜˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cit³
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): tia̍t

  (Teochew, Peng'im): tiêg⁴ / tiag⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhé
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄜˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhé
    • Wade–Giles: chê²
    • Yale: jé
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jer
    • Palladius: чжэ (čžɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɤ³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhér
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄜˊㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhér
    • Wade–Giles: chê²-ʼrh
    • Yale: jér
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jer'l
    • Palladius: чжэр (čžɛr)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂɤɻ³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: chè
    • Zhuyin: ㄔㄜˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: chè
    • Wade–Giles: chʻê⁴
    • Yale: chè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: cheh
    • Palladius: чэ (čɛ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʰɤ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: cit³
    • Yale: chit
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsit⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: qid³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰiːt̚³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tia̍t
    • Tâi-lô: tia̍t
    • Phofsit Daibuun: diat
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tiɛt̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tiɛt̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tiɛt̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /tiɛt̚⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tiɛt̚⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: tiêg⁴ / tiag⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thiek / thiak
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiek̚²/, /tʰiak̚²/

Note:

• tiêg4 - Chaozhou;
• tiag4 - Shantou.

---

• Middle Chinese: drjet

Rime
Character	轍
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	澄 (11)
Final (韻)	薛 (83)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	直列切
Baxter	drjet
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɖˠiᴇt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ɖᵚiɛt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȡiæt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɖiat̚/
Li Rong	/ȡjɛt̚/
Wang Li	/ȡĭɛt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȡʱi̯ɛt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhé
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zit6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]ret/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ded/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	轍
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhé
Middle Chinese	‹ drjet ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]ret/
English	wheel-track
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	轍
Reading #	1/1
No.	1323
Phonetic component	徹
Rime group	月
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	轍
Old Chinese	/*ded/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 轍

1. wagon ruts; wheel tracks
2. path
3. way; method

   沒轍／没辙  ―  méizhé  ―  have no recourse

   • 我謝謝您！我這兒正沒有轍呢！ [Beijing Mandarin, trad.]
     我谢谢您！我这儿正没有辙呢！ [Beijing Mandarin, simp.]

     From: 1957, Lao She, Teahouse

     Wǒ xièxiè nín! Wǒ zhè'ér zhèng méiyǒu zhé ne! [Pinyin]

     Thank you! I was just worrying about having no way to do this!

4. rhyme

   合轍／合辙  ―  hézhé  ―  in rhyme

Usage notes

Xiandai Hanyu Guifan Cidian ((deprecated template usage) 《现代汉语规范词典》) proscribes the use of the pronunciation chè.

---

Japanese

Kanji

轍

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

• Go-on: でち (dechi)
• Kan-on: てつ (tetsu)
• Kun: わだち (wadachi, 轍)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
轍
わだち Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Compound of 輪 (wa, “wheel”) +‎ 立ち (tachi, “standing”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 立つ tatsu, “to stand”, here in reference to the shape of the rut left standing after the passage of the wheel). The tachi changes to dachi as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Noun

轍(わだち) • (wadachi) 

1. a wheel furrow, track, or rut

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
轍
てつ Hyōgai
on'yomi

From Middle Chinese 轍 (MC drjet, “wagon rut, wheel track”). The kan'on reading, so likely a later borrowing. Compare modern Min Nan reading tia̍t.

Noun

轍(てつ) • (tetsu) 

1. a wheel furrow, track, or rut
2. another person's mistake, a prior example (generally negative)

---

Korean

Hanja

轍 • (cheol) (hangeul 철, revised cheol, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏl, Yale chel)

1. (deprecated template usage) (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

---

Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 轍 (triệt)

1. (deprecated template usage) (deprecated use of |lang= parameter) This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.