กรม
Thai
Pronunciation
Orthographic | กรม k r m | |||
Phonemic | กฺรม k ̥ r m | [bound form] กฺรม- k ̥ r m – | [bound form] กฺรม-มะ- k ̥ r m – m a – | |
Romanization | Paiboon | grom | grom- | grom-má- |
Royal Institute | krom | krom- | krom-ma- | |
(standard) IPA(key) | /krom˧/(R) | /krom˧./ | /krom˧.ma˦˥./ |
Usage notes
- Often pronounced กฺรม-มะ- (grom-má-) when prefixed to a one-syllable stem in a compound, resulting in the compound actually containing three syllables, as in กรมการ (grom-má-gaan), กรมขุน (grom-má-kǔn), กรมคลัง (grom-má-klang), กรมท่า (grom-má-tâa), กรมนา (grom-má-naa), กรมพระ (grom-má-prá), กรมเมือง (grom-má-mʉʉang), กรมวัง (grom-má-wang), กรมเวียง (grom-má-wiiang), กรมศักดิ์ (grom-má-sàk), กรมหมื่น (grom-má-mʉ̀ʉn), กรมหลวง (grom-má-lǔuang), etc.
- A similar rule is found in พล (pon).
Etymology 1
Of uncertain origin.
Noun
กรม • (grom)
- (botany) the plant Aporosa villosa (Wall. ex Lindl.) Baill. of the family Euphorbiaceae.
Synonyms
Etymology 2
From contraction of กรรม (gam).
Noun
กรม • (grom)
Etymology 3
From apocope of กรมธรรม์ (grom-má-tan).
Noun
กรม • (grom)
- (archaic) Abbreviation of กรมธรรม์ (grom-má-tan).
Etymology 4
From Old Khmer ក្រ (kra), ក្រហ (kraha), ក្រោ (kro), ក្ររ (krara), គ្រ (gra, “destitute, poor; difficult, hard; insufficient, scarce; harsh; painful; severe; etc”). Compare Modern Khmer ក្រ (krɑɑ).
Verb
กรม • (grom) (abstract noun การกรม or ความกรม)
Derived terms
Etymology 5
From Old Khmer ក្រម (krama), ក្រំម (kraṃma, “arrangement, order; class, grade, rank; course, way; procedure, process; succession, series”). Compare Modern Khmer ក្រម (krɑm).
Noun
กรม • (grom)
- (archaic) arrangement, order; class, grade, rank; course, way; procedure, process; succession, series.
Etymology 6
From Old Khmer ក្រម (krama), ក្រំម (kraṃma, “law; ordinance; regulation; rule”). Compare Modern Khmer ក្រម (krɑm).
Noun
กรม • (grom)
- (archaic) law; ordinance; regulation; rule.
Derived terms
Etymology 7
Possibly from Old Khmer ក្រម (krama), ក្រំម (kraṃma, “class, grade, rank (within a hierarchy)”). Compare Modern Khmer ក្រម (krɑm), ក្រុម (krom).
Noun
กรม • (grom)
- (historical)
- unit of armed men in the government system, commanded by a chief officer called เจ้ากรม (jâao-grom) and a deputy chief officer called ปลัดกรม (bpà-làt-grom). If the chief officer is a royal person, he or she is called เจ้าต่างกรม (jâao-dtàang-grom) and may be given one of the following บรรดาศักดิ์ (ban-daa-sàk, “noble rank”): (from highest to lowest) กรมพระยา (grom-prá-yaa), กรมพระ (grom-má-prá), กรมหลวง (grom-má-lǔuang), กรมขุน (grom-má-kǔn), กรมหมื่น (grom-má-mʉ̀ʉn).
- highest governmental department, roughly equivalent to modern-day ministry.
- (government) governmental department, often commanded by a chief officer called อธิบดี (à-tí-bɔɔ-dii, “director-general”), subject to กระทรวง (grà-suuang, “ministry”) or ทบวง (tá-buuang, “bureau”), and divided into กอง (gɔɔng, “division”).
- (sometimes colloquial) military agency; military base; military unit.
Derived terms
- Rhymes:Thai/om
- Thai terms with IPA pronunciation
- Thai 1-syllable words
- Thai 2-syllable words
- Thai prefixes
- Thai lemmas
- Thai nouns
- th:Botany
- Thai terms with archaic senses
- Thai poetic terms
- Thai abbreviations
- Thai terms derived from Old Khmer
- Thai verbs
- Thai terms with historical senses
- th:Government
- Thai colloquialisms