操
See also: 肏
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Translingual
Han character
操 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+13, 16 strokes, cangjie input 手口口木 (QRRD), four-corner 56094, composition ⿰扌喿)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 458, character 15
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 12806
- Dae Jaweon: page 807, character 4
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1969, character 3
- Unihan data for U+64CD
Chinese
trad. | 操 | |
---|---|---|
simp. # | 操 | |
alternative forms | 撡/操 |
Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 操 | |
---|---|
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲/形声, OC *sʰaːw, *sʰaːws) : semantic 手 (“hand”) + phonetic 喿 (OC *saːws).
Etymology 1
Pronunciation 1
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄠ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cao
- Wade–Giles: tsʻao1
- Yale: tsāu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsau
- Palladius: цао (cao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cou1
- Yale: chōu
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsou1
- Guangdong Romanization: cou1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰou̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhâu
- Hakka Romanization System: cauˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: cau1
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰau̯²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chho
- Tâi-lô: tsho
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhoy
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /t͡sʰo⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰɤ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chho͘
- Tâi-lô: tshoo
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhof
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰɔ³³/
Note:
- chhau - vernacular;
- chho/chho͘ - literary.
- (Teochew)
- Peng'im: cao1
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tshau
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰau³³/
- Middle Chinese: tshaw
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]ˤawʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*sʰaːw/
Definitions
- to conduct
- to run
- to control
- to manage
- (military) to drill
- to have sb. overwork
- to speak (an accent)
- calisthenics
- exercise
- a surname
Compounds
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Pronunciation 2
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): cou3 / cou1
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chhâu
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): chhau / chhó / chho / chho͘ / chhò / chhò͘
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄠ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cao
- Wade–Giles: tsʻao1
- Yale: tsāu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsau
- Palladius: цао (cao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɑʊ̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Chinese, literary)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄠˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cào
- Wade–Giles: tsʻao4
- Yale: tsàu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsaw
- Palladius: цао (cao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cou3 / cou1
- Yale: chou / chōu
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsou3 / tsou1
- Guangdong Romanization: cou3 / cou1
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰou̯³³/, /t͡sʰou̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chhâu
- Hakka Romanization System: cauˊ
- Hagfa Pinyim: cau1
- Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰau̯²⁴/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhó
- Tâi-lô: tshó
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhoir
- IPA (Taipei): /t͡sʰo⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰɤ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chho
- Tâi-lô: tsho
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhoy
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /t͡sʰo⁴⁴/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰɤ⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chho͘
- Tâi-lô: tshoo
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhof
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰɔ³³/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhò͘
- Tâi-lô: tshòo
- Phofsit Daibuun: zhox
- IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰɔ⁴¹/
Note:
- chhau/chhó - vernacular;
- chho/chho͘ - literary;
- chhò/chhò͘ - literary (limited, e.g. 曹操).
- Middle Chinese: tshawH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]ˤawʔ-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*sʰaːws/
Definitions
Compounds
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Etymology 2
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄘㄠˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cào
- Wade–Giles: tsʻao4
- Yale: tsàu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tsaw
- Palladius: цао (cao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: caau3
- Yale: chaau
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsaau3
- Guangdong Romanization: cao3
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰaːu̯³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
Definitions
- (vulgar) (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 肏 (cào, “to fuck”).
Compounds
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Japanese
Kanji
操
Readings
- Go-on: そう (sō, Jōyō)←さう (sau, historical)
- Kan-on: そう (sō, Jōyō)←さう (sau, historical)
- Kun: あやつる (ayatsuru, 操る, Jōyō)、みさお (misao, 操, Jōyō)、とる (toru, 操る)
Proper noun
- a male given name
Korean
Etymology
- “to control; etc.”
From Middle Chinese 操 (MC tshaw, “to grasp”).
Historical readings
- Recorded as Middle Korean 초ᇢ (Yale: chwow) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
- Recorded as Middle Korean 조 (cwo)訓 (Yale: cwo) in Sinjeung Yuhap (新增類合 / 신증유합), 1576.
- “conduct; behaviour”
From Middle Chinese 操 (MC tshawH, “principles”).
Historical readings
- Recorded as Middle Korean 초ᇢ〮 (Yale: chwów) in Dongguk Jeongun (東國正韻 / 동국정운), 1448.
Pronunciation
- (conduct; to control; to drill; to operate; etc.):
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕo̞]
- Phonetic hangul: [조]
- (in 操鍊, 操船, 操心, 操業, 操典, 操車, and 操舵):
- (SK Standard/Seoul) IPA(key): [t͡ɕo̞(ː)]
- Phonetic hangul: [조(ː)]
- Though still prescribed in Standard Korean, most speakers in both Koreas no longer distinguish vowel length.
Hanja
- hanja form? of 조 (“conduct; behaviour”)
- hanja form? of 조 (“to control; to manage”)
- hanja form? of 조 (“to drill; to train”)
- hanja form? of 조 (“to operate; to manipulate”)
Compounds
Compounds
References
- 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전/電子字典. [1]
Vietnamese
Han character
操: Hán Nôm readings: thao, tháo, thạo, xáo, thảo
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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- Japanese kanji with kun reading みさお
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