User:Fytcha/gsw/Grammar

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Modern Switzerland Alemannic grammar

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Nouns

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  • 3 genders: masculine, feminine, neuter
  • 3-4 cases: nominative, accusative, dative, (genitive[nouns 1])
  • 2 numbers: singular, plural
  1. ^ Some localized and nearly extinct dialects in Valais and northern Italy have retained a full genitive case.
    More widespread, some dialects have retained an attributive genitive for names and certain nouns designating people, chiefly family member nouns (see w:als:Genitiv#Genitivforme_in_andere_alemannische_Dialäkt for more).
    The genitive sometimes also arises in (mostly nonce) calques of German proverbs or idioms where an equivalent dative construction would be (more) awkward (e.g. "ds Tüüfels"[1] < German des Teufels Dank).

Declension

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Plural morphemes

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Masculine

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Modern Switzerland Alemannic
singular plural
indef. def. noun def. noun
nominative en, an dr, der, de Maa d / di[decl 1] Männer, Manne, Mane
accusative
dative emene, ämänä, amana, amena
emne, ämne, amne, amna
eme, äme, ame, ama
em, am de, , da
den, dän, dan[decl 2]
German
singular plural
indef. def. noun def. noun
nominative ein der Mann die Männer
accusative einen den Mann die Männer
dative einem dem Mann, Manne den Männern
genitive eines des Mannes, Manns der Männer
Modern Switzerland Alemannic
singular plural
indef. def. noun def. noun
nominative en, an dr, der, de Schmärz d / di[decl 1] Schmärze, Schmärzä, Schmärza
accusative
dative emene, ämänä, amana, amena
emne, ämne, amne, amna
eme, äme, ame, ama
em, am de, , da
den, dän, dan[decl 2]
German
singular plural
indef. def. noun def. noun
nominative ein der Schmerz die Schmerzen
accusative einen den Schmerz die Schmerzen
dative einem dem Schmerz, Schmerze den Schmerzen
genitive eines des Schmerzes der Schmerzen

Feminine

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Modern Switzerland Alemannic
singular plural
indef. def. noun def. noun
nominative e, ä, a d / di[decl 1] Frau d / di[decl 1] Fraue, Frauä, Fraua
accusative
dative enere, änärä, anara, anera
enre, änre, anre, anra
ere, äre, are, ara
dr, der de, , da
den, dän, dan[decl 2]
German
singular plural
indef. def. noun def. noun
nominative eine die Frau die Frauen
accusative eine die Frau die Frauen
dative einer der Frau den Frauen
genitive einer der Frau der Frauen

Neuter

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Modern Switzerland Alemannic
singular plural
indef. def. noun def. noun
nominative es, äs, as s, ds, z Chind d / di[decl 1] Chind, Chinder
accusative
dative emene, ämänä, amana, amena
emne, ämne, amne, amna
eme, äme, ame, ama
em, am de, , da
den, dän, dan[decl 2]
German
singular plural
indef. def. noun def. noun
nominative ein das Kind die Kinder
accusative ein das Kind die Kinder
dative einem dem Kind, Kinde den Kindern
genitive eines des Kindes, Kinds der Kinder
Modern Switzerland Alemannic
singular plural
indef. def. noun def. noun
nominative es, äs, as s, ds, z Härz d / di[decl 1] Härze, Härzä, Härza
accusative
dative emene, ämänä, amana, amena
emne, ämne, amne, amna
eme, äme, ame, ama
em, am Härze, Härzä, Härza de, , da
den, dän, dan[decl 2]
German
singular plural
indef. def. noun def. noun
nominative ein das Herz die Herzen
accusative ein das Herz die Herzen
dative einem dem Herzen den Herzen
genitive eines des Herzens der Herzen
  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Non-free variation: di has to be used if there is another word between the article and the noun, otherwise d has to be used.
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 n is very widely used as an intrusive sound in connected speech between two vowels. The d*n variants may be used if the following word starts with a vowel. This insertion is also sometimes written as a freestanding <n> (e.g. "in de n èrschte"[2]), <'n> or <-n-> (e.g. "a de-n-Oore"[3]) or not at all.

Diminutive

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  • Modern Switzerland Alemannic only constructs the diminutive with -li.
  • Liechtenstein and Vorarlberg Alemannic use the alternative form -le.
  • Diminutives are always neuter.

Pronouns

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Coming soon.™

Adjectives

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Coming soon.™

Verbs

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Coming soon.™