absent

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English

Alternative forms

Etymology 1

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From Middle English absent, from Middle French absent, from Old French ausent, and their source, Latin absens, present participle of absum (“to be away from”), from ab (“away”) + sum (“to be”).

Pronunciation

  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language code; the value "RP" is not valid. See WT:LOL. IPA(key): /ˈæb.sn̩t/
  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language code; the value "US" is not valid. See WT:LOL. IPA(key): /ˈæb.sn̩t/, enPR: ăb'sənt
  • Audio (US)(file)

Adjective

absent (comparative absenter, superlative absentest)[1]

  1. (not comparable) Being away from a place; withdrawn from a place; not present; missing. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.][2]
  2. (not comparable) Not existing; lacking. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.][2]
    The part was rudimental or absent.
  3. (sometimes comparable) Inattentive to what is passing; absent-minded; preoccupied. [First attested in the early 18th century.][2]
    • 1746-1747, Chesterfield, Letters to his Son:
      What is commonly called an absent man is commonly either a very weak or a very affected man.
Antonyms
Related terms
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Noun

absent (plural absents)

  1. (obsolete) Absentee; a person who is away on occasion. [Attested from around 1350 to 1470 until the early 19th century.][2]

Preposition

absent

  1. In the absence of; without; except. [First attested in the mid 20th century.][2]
    Absent taxes modern governments cannot function.
    • 1919, “State vs. Britt, Supreme Court of Missouri, Division 2”, in The Southwestern Reporter, page 427:
      If the accused refuse upon demand to pay money or deliver property (absent any excuse or excusing circumstance) which came into his hands as a bailee, such refusal might well constitute some evidence of conversion, with the requisite fraudulent intent required by the statute.
    • 2011, David Elstein, London Review of Books, volume 33, number 15:
      the Princess Caroline case […] established that – absent a measurable ‘public interest’ in publication – she was safe from being photographed while out shopping.
    • 2019 September 5, Ian Bogost, “I tried to limit my screen time (It didn't go well)”, in The Atlantic‎[1]:
      And the distraction-management software Freedom offers a mode that won’t unlock affected apps absent a telephone-support call.
Translations

Etymology 2

From Middle English absenten, from Old French absenter, from Late Latin absentāre (“keep away, be away”).

Pronunciation

  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language code; the value "RP" is not valid. See WT:LOL. IPA(key): /æbˈsɛnt/, enPR: ăbsĕnt'
  • Lua error in Module:parameters at line 95: Parameter 1 should be a valid language code; the value "US" is not valid. See WT:LOL. IPA(key): /æbˈsɛnt/

Verb

absent (third-person singular simple present absents, present participle absenting, simple past and past participle absented)

  1. (reflexive) To keep (oneself) away.
    Most of the men are retired, jobless, or have otherwise temporarily absented themselves from the workplace.
    • 1701-1703, Addison, Remarks on Italy:
      If after due summons any member absents himself, he is to be fined.
    • 1943 November – 1944 February (date written; published 1945 August 17), George Orwell [pseudonym; Eric Arthur Blair], Animal Farm […], London: Secker & Warburg, published May 1962, →OCLC:
      This work was strictly voluntary, but any animal who absented himself from it would have his rations reduced by half.
  2. (transitive, archaic) To keep (someone) away. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.][2]
  3. (intransitive, obsolete) Stay away; withdraw. [Attested from around 1350 to 1470 until the late 18th century.][2]
    • 1855, Frederick Douglass, My Bondage and My Freedom:
      The iron rule of the plantation, always passionately and violently enforced in that neighborhood, makes flogging the penalty of failing to be in the field before sunrise in the morning, unless special permission be given to the absenting slave.
  4. (transitive, rare) Leave. [First attested around 1350 to 1470.][2]
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

References

  1. ^ Philip Babcock Gove (editor), Webster's Third International Dictionary of the English Language, Unabridged (G. & C. Merriam Co., 1976 [1909], →ISBN), page 6
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 Lesley Brown, editor-in-chief, William R. Trumble and Angus Stevenson, editors (2002), “absent”, in The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary on Historical Principles, 5th edition, Oxford, New York, N.Y.: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 8.

Anagrams

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin absēns, absēntem. Doublet of ausent.

Pronunciation

Adjective

absent m or f (masculine and feminine plural absents)

  1. absent
    Antonym: present

Related terms

Further reading

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin absēns, absēntem. Compare the popular form ausent.

Pronunciation

Adjective

absent (feminine absente, masculine plural absents, feminine plural absentes)

  1. absent
  2. absent-minded

Related terms

Noun

absent m (plural absents)

  1. absentee; missing person

Further reading

Anagrams

German

Pronunciation

Adjective

absent (not comparable)

  1. absent, not present
  2. absent-minded

Declension

Template:de-decl-adj-notcomp

Norman

Etymology

From Old French ausent, relatinized on the model of its ancestor, Latin absēns (“absent, missing”), present active participle of absum, abesse (“be away, be absent”).

Adjective

absent m

  1. (Jersey) absent

Derived terms

Romanian

Etymology

From French absent, Latin absēns, absēntem.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /abˈsent/, /apˈsent/

Adjective

absent m or n (feminine singular absentă, masculine plural absenți, feminine and neuter plural absente)

  1. absent
    Antonym: prezent

Related terms

Further reading

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