damage

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Old French damage (Modern French dommage), from Vulgar Latin *damnaticum from Classical Latin damnum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈdæmɪdʒ/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -æmɪdʒ
• Hyphenation: dam‧age

Noun

damage (countable and uncountable, plural damages)

1. Injury or harm; the condition or measure of something not being intact.

   The storm did a lot of damage to the area.

   • (Can we date this quote by Francis Bacon and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)

     Great errors and absurdities many commit for want of a friend to tell them of them, to the great damage both of their fame and fortune.

2. (slang) Cost or expense.

   "What's the damage?" he asked the waiter.

Related terms

• damn

Translations

abstract measure of something not being intact; harm

• Albanian: dëmtim (sq) m, dëm m
• Arabic: عُطْل m (ʕuṭl), ضَرَر (ar) m (ḍarar), أِضْرَار m (ʔiḍrār), تَلَف m (talaf), خَسَارَة f (ḵasāra)
• Armenian: վնաս (hy) (vnas)
• Asturian: dañu m
• Bulgarian: щета (bg) f (šteta)
• Catalan: dany (ca) m
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 損害／损害 (zh) (sǔnhài), 损害 (zh) (sǔnhài)

  Min Nan: 損害／损害 (zh-min-nan) (sún-hāi), 敗害／败害 (pāi-hāi)

• Czech: poškození n, škoda (cs) f
• Dalmatian: damno
• Danish: skade (da) c, beskadigelse c
• Dutch: schade (nl)
• Esperanto: damaĝo
• Estonian: kahju (et)
• Finnish: vaurio (fi), vahinko (fi)
• French: dégât (fr) m, dommage (fr) m
• Friulian: dam m, daneç m
• Galician: dano m
• Georgian: ზიანი (ziani), ვნება (vneba), გაფუჭება (ka) (gapuč̣eba)
• German: Schaden (de) m
• Greek: ζημιά (el) f (zimiá), ζημία (el) f (zimía)

  Ancient: βλάβη f (blábē)

• Hebrew: נזק (he) m (nezeq)
• Hungarian: kár (hu)
• Irish: damáiste m, díobháil f, millteanas m
• Istriot: dagno m
• Italian: danno (it) m
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Japanese: 痛手 (ja) (いたで, itade), 損害 (ja) (そんがい, songai), 損傷 (ja) (そんしょう, sonshō)
• Kazakh: зиян (kk) (ziän)
• Korean: 손해 (ko) (sonhae)
• Kurdish:

  Northern Kurdish: zîyan (ku)

• Latin: noxia f
• Latvian: bojājums m, postījums m
• Lithuanian: žala f, nuostolis (lt) m, sugadinimas m
• Macedonian: штета f (šteta), оштетување n (oštetuvanje)
• Malay: kerosakan
• Maori: pākarutanga
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: skade (no) m

  Nynorsk: skade m

• Old English: æfwerdelsa m, æfwerdla m, hearm m
• Persian: زیان (fa) (ziyân), خسارت (fa) (xesârat), آسیب (fa) (âsib), آک (fa) (âk)
• Polish: uszkodzenie (pl) n, szkoda (pl) f
• Portuguese: avaria (pt) f, dano (pt) m, estrago (pt) m
• Romanian: avarie (ro) f, daună (ro) f, pagubă (ro) f, deteriorare (ro) f
• Russian: поврежде́ние (ru) n (povreždénije), уще́рб (ru) m (uščérb), вред (ru) m (vred)
• Sanskrit: क्षति (sa) f (kṣati)
• Scottish Gaelic: coire f, milleadh m
• Serbo-Croatian: štȅta (sh) f
• Sicilian: dammaggiu (scn) m
• Spanish: daño (es) m, (obsolete) damno
• Swedish: skada (sv) c
• Tagalog: pinsala, nasira, nagiba, kapinsalaan (tl)
• Turkish: zarar (tr), hasar (tr)
• Ukrainian: пошко́дження (poškódžennja), шко́да (uk) (škóda), зби́тки (zbýtky)
• Welsh: difrod (cy) m, amhariad m, amhariadau pl

cost or expense

• Bulgarian: вреда (bg) f (vreda)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 損失／损失 (zh) (sǔnshī), 损失 (zh) (sǔnshī)

• Czech: cena (cs) f
• Danish: skade (da) c
• Dutch: schade (nl)
• French: dégât (fr) m, dommage (fr) m
• Georgian: ზარალი (zarali)
• German: Schaden (de) m
• Greek: ζημιά (el) f (zimiá), ζημία (el) f (zimía)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Italian: danno (it) m
• Japanese: 損失 (ja) (そんしつ, sonshitsu)
• Macedonian: штета f (šteta)
• Portuguese: estrago (pt) m
• Romanian: stricăciune (ro) f, pagube f pl, daune f pl
• Russian: уще́рб (ru) m (uščérb), убы́ток (ru) m (ubýtok)
• Serbo-Croatian: štȅta (sh) f
• Spanish: daño (es) m
• Tagalog: pinsala, kapinsalaan (tl)
• Ukrainian: шко́да (uk) (škóda), зби́тки (zbýtky)

Verb

1. (transitive) To impair the soundness, goodness, or value of; to harm or cause destruction.

   Be careful not to damage any of the fragile items while unpacking them.

   Cold temperatures, heavy rain, falling rocks, strong winds and glacier movement can damage the equipment.

   • 1774, Edward Long, The History of Jamaica. Or, General Survey of the Antient and Modern State of that Island, volume 2, book 2, chapter 7, 5:

     The building was erected in two years, at the parochial expence, on the foundation of the former one, which was irreparably damaged by the hurricane of Auguſt, 1712.

   • (Can we date this quote by Clarendon and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)

     He […] came up to the English admiral and gave him a broadside, with which he killed many of his men and damaged the ship.

2. (transitive, obsolete) To undergo damage.

Derived terms

• undamaged

Translations

to make something less intact or even destroy it; to harm or cause destruction

• Albanian: dëmtoj (sq)
• Armenian: վնասել (hy) (vnasel)
• Asturian: dañar
• Basque: kalte egin (eu)
• Bulgarian: повреждам (bg) (povreždam)
• Catalan: danyar (ca)
• Chinese:

  Mandarin: 毀壞／毁坏 (zh) (huǐhuài), 毁坏 (zh) (huǐhuài)

• Czech: poškodit (cs)
• Danish: beskadige, gøre skade på, tilføje skade
• Dutch: beschadigen (nl)
• Esperanto: damaĝi
• Finnish: vaurioittaa (fi), vahingoittaa (fi)
• French: endommager (fr), abîmer (fr)
• Galician: danar
• Georgian: დაზიანება (dazianeba), გაფუჭება (ka) (gapuč̣eba)
• German: beschädigen (de)
• Greek:

  Ancient: βλάπτω (bláptō)

• Hebrew: הזיק (he) (hizík)
• Hungarian: megkárosít (hu), megrongál (hu), tönkretesz (hu)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• Ido: domajar (io)
• Irish: damáistigh, déan damáiste, déan díobháil
• Italian: danneggiare (it), rovinare (it), macchiare (it)
• Japanese: 損なう (sokonau), 傷付ける (kizutsukeru)
• Javanese: rusak (jv)
• Latin: noceō (la)
• Latvian: sabojāt, sasist, sapostīt
• Lithuanian: sugadinti, padaryti nuostolių, padaryti žalos, pakenkti
• Macedonian: оштетува (oštetuva), расипува (rasipuva)
• Malay: rosak
• Maori: whakakaurapa, whakakeretā
• Old English: derian, gesargian, sliþan
• Polish: uszkadzać (pl), psuć (pl)
• Portuguese: estragar (pt), danar (pt), avariar (pt), danificar (pt)
• Romanian: defecta (ro), strica (ro), deteriora (ro), avaria (ro)
• Russian: поврежда́ть (ru) impf (povreždátʹ), повреди́ть (ru) pf (povredítʹ); по́ртить (ru) impf (pórtitʹ), испо́ртить (ru) pf (ispórtitʹ); наноси́ть уще́рб impf (nanosítʹ uščérb), нанести́ уще́рб pf (nanestí uščérb)
• Serbo-Croatian: oštetiti (sh), pokvariti (sh)
• Spanish: dañar (es)
• Swedish: skada (sv)
• Ukrainian: пошко́джувати (poškódžuvaty), шко́дити (škódyty), псува́ти (uk) (psuváty), завдава́ти зиби́тків (zavdaváty zybýtkiv)
• Welsh: amharu (cy)

The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Translations to be checked

• Albanian: ^{(please verify)} dëm
• (deprecated template usage) Arabic: ضَرَرَ (ar) (ḍarara)
• Azerbaijani: ^{(please verify)} xarab etmə
• Estonian: ^{(please verify)} vigastus
• (deprecated template usage) Hebrew: אָבְדָן (avdan)
• Hindi: ^{(please verify)} हानि (hi) (hāni), ^{(please verify)} घटा (hi) (ghaṭā), ^{(please verify)} क्षति (hi) (kṣati)
• Indonesian: ^{(please verify)} kerusakan (id)
• (deprecated template usage) Korean: 손상 (ko) (sonsang)
• Latin: ^{(please verify)} damnum n
• Latvian: ^{(please verify)} izdevumi
• (deprecated template usage) Mongolian: хохирол (mn) (xoxirol)
• Norwegian: ^{(please verify)} skade (no)
• Persian: ^{(please verify)} آسیب (fa) (âsib)
• (deprecated template usage) {{trans-mid}}
• (deprecated template usage) Serbo-Croatian: оштетити, ošteteti
• Serbo-Croatian: ^{(please verify)} uništiti (sh)
• Slovak: ^{(please verify)} cena (sk)
• Swahili: ^{(please verify)} afa (sw)
• Tagalog: ^{(please verify)} kapinsalaan (tl)
• (deprecated template usage) Telugu: చెరుపు (te) (cerupu), నష్టము (te) (naṣṭamu)
• (deprecated template usage) Thai: ความเสียหาย (th) (kwaam sĭa hăai)
• Turkish: ^{(please verify)} zarar (tr)
• (deprecated template usage) Ukrainian: шкода́ (uk) (škodá)
• Uyghur: ^{(please verify)} eziyet
• Vietnamese: ^{(please verify)} mối hại
• Yiddish: ^{(please verify)} hesek

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Old French

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin *damnaticum from Classical Latin damnum. Cognate with Old Occitan damnatge.

Noun

damage oblique singular, m (oblique plural damages, nominative singular damages, nominative plural damage)

1. damage
2. injury, hurt, insult

Related terms

• damagier

Descendants

• French: dommage
• Norman: dommage
• → English: damage
• → Irish: damáiste
• → Sicilian: damaggiu