elvesz
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See also: elvész
Hungarian
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Verb
[edit]elvesz
- (transitive) to take away (to remove and put in a different place)
- Synonym: (rare) elszed
- (transitive) to bereave, deprive, take away (by violence; from someone: -tól/-től)
- Synonym: eltulajdonít
- (transitive) to expropriate (to deprive a person of their private property for public use)
- Synonym: kisajátít
- (transitive) to steal, rob (to take illegally)
- Synonyms: ellop, elrabol, (colloquial) meglovasít, (colloquial) megfúj
- (transitive) to deprive, confiscate (to remove something so that a person no longer has it; from someone: -tól/-től)
- (transitive) to take, take up, consume (place, time)
- Synonym: igénybe vesz
- (transitive) to occupy, block, shut out, obstruct (a view etc.)
- (transitive) to take, accept, receive (something offered or given)
- Synonym: elfogad
- Nem vettem el a pénzt. ― I didn’t accept the money.
- (transitive, of a man) to get married, marry, wed
- Synonym: feleségül vesz
- Coordinate terms: hozzámegy, (of a woman) férjez megy
- 1872, Mór Jókai, Az arany ember[1] (Timar’s Two Worlds),[2] part 1, chapter 9, translation by Mrs. Hegan Kennard:
- Ezelőtt tizenkét évvel Pancsován laktunk, hol férjem városi hivatalnok volt. Bellovárynak hívták. […] Neki volt hivatala, szép háza, gyönyörű gyümölcsöskertje, szántóföldjei; én árva leány voltam, mikor elvett, s kész vagyont hoztam a házhoz, megélhettünk tisztességesen.
- Twelve years ago we lived in Pancsova, where my husband held a municipal office. His name was Bellovary […] he had his post, a pretty house, and a splendid orchard and meadow. I was an orphan when we married, and brought him some money; we were able to live respectably.
- (transitive, archaic) to get (one’s just deserts); to be rewarded or punished
- Synonym: elnyer
- 1938, Jenő Rejtő, A drótnélküli gyilkosság[3] (“The Wireless Murder”), chapter 6:
- […] Ezért egy ünnepélyes fogadóestélyen – a haladószellemű termelés érdekében szerzett érdemeiért – sajátkezűleg tűzte ki Farlane múlt századból konzervált frakkjára a Fehér Szalag-rend középkeresztjét a két karabéllyal. ¶ És így végül minden bűnös elvette méltó jutalmát.
- […] Therefore, at a ceremonial reception, for his merits in the cause of progressive production, he personally pinned the Commander’s Cross of the Order of the White Ribbon with the Two Carbines on Farlane’s tails, preserved from the last century. ¶ And so, at last, all the guilty took their due reward.
- (informal) Synonym of kivon (“to subtract”)
Usage notes
[edit]- This verb is a member of one of those (few) quasi-homonymous verb pairs that exist both with and without an -ik ending. All (intransitive) suffixed forms of these pairs are identical (sometimes they can even have derived forms that coincide), with the exception of their dictionary form (the third-person singular indicative present, with or without -ik). However, the meaning of these pairs is usually distinct, sometimes unrelated. Examples include (fel)áldoz–(le)áldozik, bán–bánik, (meg)bíz–(meg)bízik, ér–érik, esz (rare)–eszik, hajol–hajlik, (felül)múl–(el)múlik, (hozzá)nyúl–nyúlik, (el)vesz–(el)veszik~(el)vész, and tör–törik (along with their verbal prefixes), hall–hallik (archaic), érez–érzik (archaic), sometimes with some difference: (el)hibáz–hibádzik, (le)torkol–torkollik. Therefore one may well need to check the context and the arguments to ascertain which member of the verb pair is relevant.
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of elvesz
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | elveszek | elveszel | elvesz | elveszünk | elvesztek | elvesznek | |
Def. | elveszem | elveszed | elveszi | elvesszük | elveszitek | elveszik | |||
2nd-p. o. | elveszlek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | elvettem | elvettél | elvett | elvettünk | elvettetek | elvettek | ||
Def. | elvettem | elvetted | elvette | elvettük | elvettétek | elvették | |||
2nd-p. o. | elvettelek | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. el fog venni. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | elvevék or elvők | elvevél or elvől | elveve or elvőn | elvevénk or elvőnk | elvevétek or elvőtök | elvevének or elvőnek | ||
Def. | elvevém or elvőm | elvevéd or elvőd | elvevé | elvevénk or elvők | elvevétek | elvevék | |||
2nd-p. o. | elvevélek or elvőlek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. elvesz vala, elvett vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | elveendek | elveendesz | elveend | elveendünk | elveendetek | elveendenek | ||
Def. | elveendem | elveended | elveendi | elveendjük | elveenditek | elveendik | |||
2nd-p. o. | elveendelek | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | elvennék | elvennél | elvenne | elvennénk | elvennétek | elvennének | |
Def. | elvenném | elvennéd | elvenné | elvennénk (or elvennők) |
elvennétek | elvennék | |||
2nd-p. o. | elvennélek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. elvett volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | elvegyek | elvegyél | elvegyen | elvegyünk | elvegyetek | elvegyenek | |
Def. | elvegyem | elvedd or elvegyed |
elvegye | elvegyük | elvegyétek | elvegyék | |||
2nd-p. o. | elvegyelek | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. elvett légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | elvenni | elvennem | elvenned | elvennie | elvennünk | elvennetek | elvenniük | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
elvevés or elvétel |
elvevő | elvett | elveendő | elvéve (elvevén) | elvetet | ||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
The prefix can split from the verb stem, e.g. nem vesz el or el is vesz. |
potential conjugation of elvesz
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | elvehetek | elvehetsz | elvehet | elvehetünk | elvehettek | elvehetnek | |
Def. | elvehetem | elveheted | elveheti | elvehetjük | elvehetitek | elvehetik | |||
2nd-p. o. | elvehetlek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | elvehettem | elvehettél | elvehetett | elvehettünk | elvehettetek | elvehettek | ||
Def. | elvehettem | elvehetted | elvehette | elvehettük | elvehettétek | elvehették | |||
2nd-p. o. | elvehettelek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | elveheték | elvehetél | elvehete | elveheténk | elvehetétek | elvehetének | ||
Def. | elvehetém | elvehetéd | elveheté | elveheténk | elvehetétek | elveheték | |||
2nd-p. o. | elvehetélek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. elvehet vala, elvehetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | elvehetendek or elveendhetek |
elvehetendesz or elveendhetsz |
elvehetend or elveendhet |
elvehetendünk or elveendhetünk |
elvehetendetek or elveendhettek |
elvehetendenek or elveendhetnek | ||
Def. | elvehetendem or elveendhetem |
elvehetended or elveendheted |
elvehetendi or elveendheti |
elvehetendjük or elveendhetjük |
elvehetenditek or elveendhetitek |
elvehetendik or elveendhetik | |||
2nd-p. o. | elvehetendelek or elveendhetlek |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | elvehetnék | elvehetnél | elvehetne | elvehetnénk | elvehetnétek | elvehetnének | |
Def. | elvehetném | elvehetnéd | elvehetné | elvehetnénk (or elvehetnők) |
elvehetnétek | elvehetnék | |||
2nd-p. o. | elvehetnélek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. elvehetett volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | elvehessek | elvehess or elvehessél |
elvehessen | elvehessünk | elvehessetek | elvehessenek | |
Def. | elvehessem | elvehesd or elvehessed |
elvehesse | elvehessük | elvehessétek | elvehessék | |||
2nd-p. o. | elvehesselek | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. elvehetett légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (elvehetni) | (elvehetnem) | (elvehetned) | (elvehetnie) | (elvehetnünk) | (elvehetnetek) | (elvehetniük) | ||
Positive adjective | elvehető | Neg. adj. | elvehetetlen | Adv. part. | (elvehetve / elvehetvén) | ||||
The prefix can split from the verb stem, e.g. nem vehet el or el is vehet. |
Coordinate terms
[edit]- (arithmetic operations) művelet; összeadás ([össze-/hozzá-] ad); kivonás (kivon, elvesz); szorzás ([össze-/meg-] szoroz); osztás ([el-] oszt); hatványozás (hatványra emel); gyökvonás (gyököt von); logaritmálás (logaritmust számít/vesz/képez) (Category: hu:Arithmetic)
Etymology 2
[edit]Verb
[edit]elvesz
- (intransitive) Alternative form of elvész (“to get lost, go missing”) and elveszik
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of elvesz
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | elveszek | elveszel | elvesz | elveszünk | elvesztek | elvesznek | |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indef. | elvesztem | elvesztél | elveszett | elvesztünk | elvesztetek | elvesztek | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. el fog veszni. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | elveszék | elveszél | elvesze | elveszénk | elveszétek | elveszének | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. elvesz vala, elveszett vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | elveszendek | elveszendesz | elveszend | elveszendünk | elveszendetek | elveszendenek | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | elvesznék | elvesznél | elveszne | elvesznénk | elvesznétek | elvesznének | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. elveszett volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | elvesszek | elvessz or elvesszél |
elvesszen | elvesszünk | elvesszetek | elvesszenek | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. elveszett légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | elveszni | elvesznem | elveszned | elvesznie | elvesznünk | elvesznetek | elveszniük | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
elveszés | elvesző | elveszett | ― | elveszve (elveszvén) | |||||
The prefix can split from the verb stem, e.g. nem vesz el or el is vesz. |
potential conjugation of elvesz
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | elveszhetek | elveszhetsz | elveszhet | elveszhetünk | elveszhettek | elveszhetnek | |
Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indef. | elveszhettem | elveszhettél | elveszhetett | elveszhettünk | elveszhettetek | elveszhettek | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | elveszheték | elveszhetél | elveszhete | elveszheténk | elveszhetétek | elveszhetének | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. elveszhet vala, elveszhetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | elveszhetendek or elveszandhatok |
elveszhetendesz or elveszandhatsz |
elveszhetend or elveszandhat |
elveszhetendünk or elveszandhatunk |
elveszhetendetek or elveszandhattok |
elveszhetendenek or elveszandhatnak | ||
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | elveszhetnék | elveszhetnél | elveszhetne | elveszhetnénk | elveszhetnétek | elveszhetnének | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. elveszhetett volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | elveszhessek | elveszhess or elveszhessél |
elveszhessen | elveszhessünk | elveszhessetek | elveszhessenek | |
Def. | ― | ||||||||
2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. elveszhetett légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (elveszhetni) | (elveszhetnem) | (elveszhetned) | (elveszhetnie) | (elveszhetnünk) | (elveszhetnetek) | (elveszhetniük) | ||
Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (elveszhetve / elveszhetvén) | ||||
The prefix can split from the verb stem, e.g. nem veszhet el or el is veszhet. |
Further reading
[edit]- (to take away): elvesz in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (alternative form of elvész (“to get lost”)): elvesz in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (to take away): elvesz in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).
Categories:
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛs
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛs/2 syllables
- Hungarian verbs prefixed with el-
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian verbs
- Hungarian transitive verbs
- Hungarian verbs taking -tól/-től
- Hungarian terms with usage examples
- Hungarian terms with quotations
- Hungarian terms with archaic senses
- Hungarian informal terms
- hu:Arithmetic
- Hungarian intransitive verbs