vesz
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See also: vész
Hungarian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From earlier *vewə- (compare vevő ‘buying’, vett ‘he bought’), from Proto-Uralic *wexe- (“to take”). Often considered a doublet of visz (“to carry”), but this may not be correct.
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]vesz
- (transitive, intransitive) to take, grab (out of some food etc.: -ból/-ből)
- (transitive) to get, take, obtain
- Synonyms: szerez, beszerez, megszerez, szert tesz, kerít
- Honnan vetted ezt a könyvet? ― Where did you get this book from?
- (transitive) to buy (optionally: from someone: -tól/-től, for someone: -nak/-nek)
- Synonyms: vásárol, megvásárol, megvesz
- Antonym: elad
- Vegyél nekem kenyeret, légy szíves. ― Please buy me some bread.
- (transitive) to take (classes)
- Zongoraórákat vettem tőle. ― I took piano lessons from her.
- (transitive) to consider, deem, regard (as something: -nak/-nek), take (assign some quality to)
- Synonym: tekint
- Ha nem válaszolsz, azt beleegyezésnek veszem. ― If you don't reply, I'll consider it as consent.
- Ne vedd komolyan! ― Don't take him/her/it seriously.
- (transitive) to consider, take (to take up as an example)
- Vegyünk egy egyenlő oldalú háromszöget. ― Consider an equilateral triangle.
- Vegyük például a szomszédaimat. ― Take my neighbors, for example.
- (transitive) to put on (clothes)
- Synonym: felvesz
- Cipőt, kabátot veszek, és indulok. ― I’ll put on shoes and a coat and I'll set off.
Usage notes
[edit]- The verbs vész and veszik (q.v.) (“to perish, to be destroyed, to get lost”) may also appear as vesz in some phrases.
- This verb is a member of one of those (few) quasi-homonymous verb pairs that exist both with and without an -ik ending. All (intransitive) suffixed forms of these pairs are identical (sometimes they can even have derived forms that coincide), with the exception of their dictionary form (the third-person singular indicative present, with or without -ik). However, the meaning of these pairs is usually distinct, sometimes unrelated. Examples include (fel)áldoz–(le)áldozik, bán–bánik, (meg)bíz–(meg)bízik, ér–érik, esz (rare)–eszik, hajol–hajlik, (felül)múl–(el)múlik, (hozzá)nyúl–nyúlik, (el)vesz–(el)veszik~(el)vész, and tör–törik (along with their verbal prefixes), hall–hallik (archaic), érez–érzik (archaic), sometimes with some difference: (el)hibáz–hibádzik, (le)torkol–torkollik. Therefore one may well need to check the context and the arguments to ascertain which member of the verb pair is relevant.
Conjugation
[edit]Note that the sound -sz is only part of the present-tense indicative forms of this verb, otherwise its stem is ve-. For past-tense and conditional/subjunctive forms starting with vesz-, see the conjugation of the unrelated verbs vész/veszik and (for the subjunctive) veszt.
conjugation of vesz
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | veszek | veszel | vesz | veszünk | vesztek | vesznek | |
Def. | veszem | veszed | veszi | vesszük | veszitek | veszik | |||
2nd-p. o. | veszlek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | vettem | vettél | vett | vettünk | vettetek | vettek | ||
Def. | vettem | vetted | vette | vettük | vettétek | vették | |||
2nd-p. o. | vettelek | ― | |||||||
Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. venni fog. | ||||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | vevék or vők | vevél or vől | veve or vőn | vevénk or vőnk | vevétek or vőtök | vevének or vőnek | ||
Def. | vevém or vőm | vevéd or vőd | vevé | vevénk or vők | vevétek | vevék | |||
2nd-p. o. | vevélek or vőlek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. vesz vala, vett vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | veendek | veendesz | veend | veendünk | veendetek | veendenek | ||
Def. | veendem | veended | veendi | veendjük | veenditek | veendik | |||
2nd-p. o. | veendelek | ― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | vennék | vennél | venne | vennénk | vennétek | vennének | |
Def. | venném | vennéd | venné | vennénk (or vennők) |
vennétek | vennék | |||
2nd-p. o. | vennélek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. vett volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | vegyek | vegyél | vegyen | vegyünk | vegyetek | vegyenek | |
Def. | vegyem | vedd or vegyed |
vegye | vegyük | vegyétek | vegyék | |||
2nd-p. o. | vegyelek | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. vett légyen | ||||||||
Infinitive | venni | vennem | venned | vennie | vennünk | vennetek | venniük | ||
Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
vevés or vétel |
vevő | vett | veendő | véve (vevén) | vetet | ||||
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular (and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs). | |||||||||
potential conjugation of vesz
Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | vehetek | vehetsz | vehet | vehetünk | vehettek | vehetnek | |
Def. | vehetem | veheted | veheti | vehetjük | vehetitek | vehetik | |||
2nd-p. o. | vehetlek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indef. | vehettem | vehettél | vehetett | vehettünk | vehettetek | vehettek | ||
Def. | vehettem | vehetted | vehette | vehettük | vehettétek | vehették | |||
2nd-p. o. | vehettelek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | veheték | vehetél | vehete | veheténk | vehetétek | vehetének | ||
Def. | vehetém | vehetéd | veheté | veheténk | vehetétek | veheték | |||
2nd-p. o. | vehetélek | ― | |||||||
Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. vehet vala, vehetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
Archaic Future |
Indef. | vehetendek or veendhetek |
vehetendesz or veendhetsz |
vehetend or veendhet |
vehetendünk or veendhetünk |
vehetendetek or veendhettek |
vehetendenek or veendhetnek | ||
Def. | vehetendem or veendhetem |
vehetended or veendheted |
vehetendi or veendheti |
vehetendjük or veendhetjük |
vehetenditek or veendhetitek |
vehetendik or veendhetik | |||
2nd-p. o. | vehetendelek or veendhetlek |
― | |||||||
Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | vehetnék | vehetnél | vehetne | vehetnénk | vehetnétek | vehetnének | |
Def. | vehetném | vehetnéd | vehetné | vehetnénk (or vehetnők) |
vehetnétek | vehetnék | |||
2nd-p. o. | vehetnélek | ― | |||||||
Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. vehetett volna | ||||||||
Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | vehessek | vehess or vehessél |
vehessen | vehessünk | vehessetek | vehessenek | |
Def. | vehessem | vehesd or vehessed |
vehesse | vehessük | vehessétek | vehessék | |||
2nd-p. o. | vehesselek | ― | |||||||
(Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. vehetett légyen | ||||||||
Inf. | (vehetni) | (vehetnem) | (vehetned) | (vehetnie) | (vehetnünk) | (vehetnetek) | (vehetniük) | ||
Positive adjective | vehető | Neg. adj. | vehetetlen | Adv. part. | (vehetve / vehetvén) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit]Compound words
(With verbal prefixes):
Expressions with a definite object
Expressions with the illative case
Expressions with the sublative case
Other expressions
See also
[edit]The seven sz-v stem verbs
Indicative 1st-p. sg. |
eszem, iszom, hiszek, viszek, leszek, teszek, veszek |
Infinitive | enni, inni, hinni, vinni, lenni, tenni, venni | Pres. part. | evő, ivó, hívő, vivő, lévő/levő, tevő, vevő | |
Past 1st p. sg. |
ettem, ittam, hittem, vittem, lettem, tettem, vettem |
Verbal nouns |
evés, ivás, (hivés,) vivés, levés, tevés, vevés | |||
Imperative 1st-p. sg. |
egyek, igyak, higgyek, vigyek, legyek, tegyek, vegyek | Past 3rd sg. | evett, ivott, hitt, vitt, lett, tett, vett | Other nouns |
étel, ital, hitel, vitel, | (lét,) tétel, vétel |
(obs./archaic | őn, —, hűn, vín, lőn, tőn, vőn) | — | lény, tény, vény |
Further reading
[edit]- (to get, take, buy etc.): vesz in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- (alternative form of vész): vesz in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
Categories:
- Hungarian terms inherited from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian terms derived from Proto-Uralic
- Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Hungarian terms with audio links
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛs
- Rhymes:Hungarian/ɛs/1 syllable
- Hungarian lemmas
- Hungarian verbs
- Hungarian transitive verbs
- Hungarian intransitive verbs
- Hungarian verbs taking -ból/-ből
- Hungarian terms with usage examples
- Hungarian verbs taking -tól/-től
- Hungarian verbs taking -nak/-nek
- Hungarian three-letter words