esti

See also: Appendix:Variations of "esti"

Asturian

Alternative forms

• isti (obsolete or pronunciation spelling)
• 'sti (obsolete, in front of vowels)

Etymology

Inherited from Old Leonese esti, isti, from Latin iste (“that”).

Adjective

esti m sg (feminine singular esta, neuter singular esto, masculine plural estos, feminine plural estes)

1. this

See also

• esi
• aquesti

Esperanto

Etymology

Borrowed from French est and Italian essere. Learned borrowing from Latin est and Ancient Greek ἐστί (estí). Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁ésti. Cognate with Yiddish איז (iz), English is, Russian есть (jestʹ), Polish jestem.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈesti/

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -esti
• Syllabification: es‧ti

Verb

esti (present estas, past estis, future estos, conditional estus, volitive estu)

1. (intransitive, copulative) to be

   Mi estas edzo kaj patro.

   I am a husband and father.

   Ĉu esti aŭ ne esti; tiel staras nun la demando.

   To be or not to be; that is the question.

   • 2025 September 29, Jorge Nogueras, “La plej mallonga tago”, in uea.facila‎^[1], archived from the original on 12 December 2025:

     Ne estas spaco en mikronovelo por senutilaj vortoj.

     There is not space in a micro-novelette for useless words.

Conjugation

Conjugation of esti

		present		past		future
		singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
tense		estas		estis		estos
active participle		estanta	estantaj	estinta	estintaj	estonta	estontaj
	acc.	estantan	estantajn	estintan	estintajn	estontan	estontajn
nominal active participle		estanto	estantoj	estinto	estintoj	estonto	estontoj
	acc.	estanton	estantojn	estinton	estintojn	estonton	estontojn
adverbial active participle		estante		estinte		estonte
		infinitive	esti	imperative	estu	conditional	estus

Derived terms

nouns

• ĉieesto
• estado
• estaĵo
• estanteco
• estinteco
• esto
• estonteco
• foresto
• neesto

verbs

• ĉeesti
• ekesti
• ekestigi
• estadi
• estigi
• estiĝi
• foresti
• kunesti
• malesti

Further reading

• “esti”, in Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto [Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto], 2020, →ISBN
• “esti”, in Reta Vortaro [Online Dictionary] (in Esperanto), 1997-2026
• Wells, John C. (1992), “est/i, be”, in Concise Esperanto and English Dictionary‎^[2], →ISBN, pages 72, 185
• Benson, Peter J. (1995), “be, have”, in Comprehensive English-Esperanto Dictionary‎^[3], →ISBN, pages 62, 248
• Butler, Montagu C. (1967), “est-i”, in Esperanto-English Dictionary‎^[4], →OL, pages 116-117
• Motteau, Achille (1907), “est-i”, in Esperanto-English Dictionary‎^[5], →OCLC, page 33

Extremaduran

Pronoun

esti (plural estis, feminine esta, feminine plural estas)

1. (demonstrative) this

See also

• esi

Fala

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈesti/
• Rhymes: -esti
• Syllabification: es‧ti

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese este, from Latin iste (“that”).

Determiner

esti m sg (feminine esta, masculine plural estis, feminine plural estas)

1. this

   Synonym: (dated) aquesti

   • 2000, Domingo Frades Gaspar, Vamus a falal: Notas pâ coñocel y platical en nosa fala, Editora regional da Extremadura, Theme I, Chapter 1: Lengua Española:

     En esti territorio se han assentau, en os anus que se indican, os habitantis siguientis:

     In this territory there were living, in the indicated years, the following (amount of) inhabitants:

Pronoun

esti m sg (feminine esta, masculine plural estis, feminine plural estas)

1. this one

   Synonym: (dated) aquesti

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Spanish este, from French est, from Old English ēast, from Proto-Germanic *austrą (“east”), from Proto-Indo-European *aus- (“eastern”)

Noun

esti m (uncountable)

1. east

References

• Valeš, Miroslav (2021), Diccionariu de A Fala: lagarteiru, mañegu, valverdeñu (web)‎^[6], 2nd edition, Minde, Portugal: CIDLeS, published 2022, →ISBN, page 136

Finnish

Verb

esti

1. third-person singular past indicative of estää

Anagrams

• -itse, etsi, itse, itse-, seit, ties

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɛs.ti/

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

• Audio (Canada (Shawinigan)):

  (file)

Noun

esti f (plural estis)

1. alternative form of ostie

Further reading

• “esti”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

Highland Puebla Nahuatl

Etymology

Compare Classical Nahuatl eztli, Tetelcingo Nahuatl yestli̱.

Noun

esti

1. Blood.

References

• Key, Harold; Ritchie de Key, Mary (1953), Vocabulario mejicano de la Sierra de Zacapoaxtla, Puebla, México, D.F.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 153

Hungarian

Etymology

est (“evening”) +‎ -i (adjective-forming suffix)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɛʃti]
• Hyphenation: es‧ti
• Rhymes: -ti

Adjective

esti (not comparable)

1. of evening, early night

   Coordinate terms: hajnali, reggeli, délelőtti, déli, délutáni, éjszakai, éjféli

   esti iskola ― evening school, night school

Declension

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	esti	estiek
accusative	estit	estieket
dative	estinek	estieknek
instrumental	estivel	estiekkel
causal-final	estiért	estiekért
translative	estivé	estiekké
terminative	estiig	estiekig
essive-formal	estiként	estiekként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	estiben	estiekben
superessive	estin	estieken
adessive	estinél	estieknél
illative	estibe	estiekbe
sublative	estire	estiekre
allative	estihez	estiekhez
elative	estiből	estiekből
delative	estiről	estiekről
ablative	estitől	estiektől
non-attributive possessive – singular	estié	estieké
non-attributive possessive – plural	estiéi	estiekéi

Further reading

• esti in Géza Bárczi, László Országh, et al., editors, A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára [The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (ÉrtSz.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN.
• esti in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈes.ti/
• Rhymes: -esti
• Hyphenation: é‧sti

Determiner

esti

1. masculine plural of esto

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈeːs.tiː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈɛs.ti]

Participle

ēstī

1. inflection of ēstus:
   1. genitive masculine/neuter singular
   2. nominative/vocative masculine plural

Leonese

Etymology

From Latin iste (“that”).

Adjective

esti (feminine singular esta, neuter singular estu, masculine plural estos, feminine plural estas)

1. this

See also

• ésti

References

• “esti”, in Diccionario Castellano-Leonés / Leonés-Castellano [Spanish-Leonese / Leonese-Spanish Dictionary] (in Spanish), La Asociación L'Alderique, 2012–2026

Mecayapan Nahuatl

Etymology

From Proto-Nahuan *əs-tlɨ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈesti/

Noun

esti (possessed i-es, intrinsically possessed iyesyo)

1. blood

Related terms

• esmiqui
• esqui̱sa

References

• Wolgemuth, Carl et al. (2002), Diccionario náhuatl de los municipios de Mecayapan y Tatahuicapan de Juárez, Veracruz‎^[7] (in Spanish), second electronic edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 43

Pipil

Noun

esti

1. alternative spelling of ezti

Further reading

• Campbell, L. (1985). The Pipil Language of El Salvador. Mouton De Gruyter.
• Lara-Martínez, R., McCallister, R. Glosario cultural náwat pipil y nicarao.

Sicilian

Etymology

Compare Sardinian est.

Verb

esti

1. alternative form of è, third-person singular indicative present of èssiri

Turkish

Verb

esti

1. third-person singular indicative simple past of esmek