iacio

Latin[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

jacio

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Italic *jakjō (“throw (down?)”), from Proto-Indo-European *(H)yeh₁- (“to throw, let go”). Compare iaceō.

Cognate with Ancient Greek ἵημι (híēmi, “to send, throw”).

Pronunciation[edit]

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈja.ki.oː/
(Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈja.t͡ʃi.o/, [ˈjaː.t͡ʃi.ɔ]

Verb[edit]

iaciō (present infinitive iacere, perfect active iēcī, supine iactum); third conjugation iō-variant

I throw, hurl, cast, fling; throw away
Alea iacta est. ― The die has been cast.

Synonyms: iaculor, lībrō, mittō
I lay, set, establish, build, found, construct, erect
fundāmenta iacere ― to lay the foundations/groundwork
I send forth, emit; bring forth, produce
Synonyms: ēmittō, mittō
I scatter, sow, throw
(as a shadow) I project
(figurative) I throw out in speaking, let fall, utter, mention, declare

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of iaciō (third conjugation iō-variant)
indicative		singular			plural
indicative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	iaciō	iacis	iacit	iacimus	iacitis	iaciunt
	imperfect	iaciēbam	iaciēbās	iaciēbat	iaciēbāmus	iaciēbātis	iaciēbant
	future	iaciam	iaciēs	iaciet	iaciēmus	iaciētis	iacient
	perfect	iēcī	iēcistī	iēcit	iēcimus	iēcistis	iēcērunt, iēcēre
	pluperfect	iēceram	iēcerās	iēcerat	iēcerāmus	iēcerātis	iēcerant
	future perfect	iēcerō	iēceris	iēcerit	iēcerimus	iēceritis	iēcerint
passive	present	iacior	iaceris, iacere	iacitur	iacimur	iaciminī	iaciuntur
	imperfect	iaciēbar	iaciēbāris, iaciēbāre	iaciēbātur	iaciēbāmur	iaciēbāminī	iaciēbantur
	future	iaciar	iaciēris, iaciēre	iaciētur	iaciēmur	iaciēminī	iacientur
	perfect	iactus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	iactus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	iactus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
subjunctive		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	iaciam	iaciās	iaciat	iaciāmus	iaciātis	iaciant
	imperfect	iacerem	iacerēs	iaceret	iacerēmus	iacerētis	iacerent
	perfect	iēcerim	iēcerīs	iēcerit	iēcerīmus	iēcerītis	iēcerint
	pluperfect	iēcissem	iēcissēs	iēcisset	iēcissēmus	iēcissētis	iēcissent
passive	present	iaciar	iaciāris, iaciāre	iaciātur	iaciāmur	iaciāminī	iaciantur
	imperfect	iacerer	iacerēris, iacerēre	iacerētur	iacerēmur	iacerēminī	iacerentur
	perfect	iactus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	iactus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
imperative		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	iace	—	—	iacite	—
active	future	—	iacitō	iacitō	—	iacitōte	iaciuntō
passive	present	—	iacere	—	—	iaciminī	—
passive	future	—	iacitor	iacitor	—	—	iaciuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
non-finite forms		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		iacere	iēcisse	iactūrum esse	iacī	iactum esse	iactum īrī
participles		iaciēns	—	iactūrus	—	iactus	iaciendus, iaciundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		iaciendī	iaciendō	iaciendum	iaciendō	iactum	iactū

Derived terms[edit]

Related terms[edit]

iaceō

References[edit]

iacio in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
iacio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire Illustré Latin-Français, Hachette
Carl Meissner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
- (ambiguous) to be broken down by misfortune: in malis iacere
- (ambiguous) to let fall an expression: voces iacere (Sall. Iug. 11)
- (ambiguous) to use threats: minas iacere, iactare
- (ambiguous) to lay the foundations: fundamenta iacere, agere
- (ambiguous) to discharge missiles: tela iacere, conicere, mittere
- (ambiguous) to be out of range: extra teli iactum, coniectum esse
- (ambiguous) to raise a rampart, earthwork: vallum iacere, exstruere, facere
- (ambiguous) to drop anchor: ancoras iacere