iris
English
Etymology
From Middle English [Term?], from Latin īris, from Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris, “rainbow”), from Proto-Indo-European *wey-ro- (“a twist, thread, cord, wire”), from *weh₁y- (“to turn, twist, weave, plait”). Cognate to English wire.
Pronunciation
Noun
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Iris_ensata_var_ensata2.jpg/280px-Iris_ensata_var_ensata2.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Human_eye_cross-sectional_view_grayscale.png/280px-Human_eye_cross-sectional_view_grayscale.png)
iris (plural irises or iris or irides) (See Usage notes)
- (botany) A plant of the genus Iris, common in the northern hemisphere, and generally having attractive blooms (See
Iris (plant) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia ).
- Template:RQ:Chmbrs YngrSt
- Breezes blowing from beds of iris quickened her breath with their perfume; she saw the tufted lilacs sway in the wind, and the streamers of mauve-tinted wistaria swinging, all a-glisten with golden bees; she saw a crimson cardinal winging through the foliage, and amorous tanagers flashing like scarlet flames athwart the pines.
- Template:RQ:Chmbrs YngrSt
- (anatomy) The contractile membrane perforated by the pupil, which adjusts to control the amount of light reaching the retina, and which forms the colored portion of the eye (See
Iris (anatomy) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia ).
- (photography, cinematography) A diaphragm used to regulate the size of a hole, especially as a way of controlling the amount of light reaching a lens.
- (poetic) A rainbow, or other colourful refraction of light.
- (electronics) A constricted opening in the path inside a waveguide, used to form a resonator.
- (zoology) The inner circle of an oscillated color spot.
Usage notes
For the part of the eye, the usual medical plural is irides.
For the flower both iris and irises are in common use.
Quotations
For quotations using this term, see Citations:iris.
Derived terms
Translations
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Further reading
Iris (plant) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Iris (anatomy) on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
Verb
iris (third-person singular simple present irises, present participle irising, simple past and past participle irised)
Anagrams
Catalan
Etymology
From Latin iris, from Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris).
Pronunciation
Noun
iris m (invariable)
- iris (part of the eye)
Related terms
Further reading
- “iris” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
Dutch
Pronunciation
Audio: (file)
Noun
iris c (plural irissen, diminutive irisje n)
- iris
- Synonym: regenboogvlies (anatomy)
Esperanto
Pronunciation
Audio: (file)
Verb
iris
- past of iri
French
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin iris, Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris).
Pronunciation
Noun
iris m (plural iris)
Further reading
- “iris”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Ido
Verb
(deprecated template usage) iris
- past of irar
Indonesian
Noun
iris (first-person possessive irisku, second-person possessive irismu, third-person possessive irisnya)
Verb
mengiris
- to slice
Irish
Etymology 1
From Old Irish iris f (“a thong or strap (from which a shield, bag, etc. is suspended)”).
Noun
iris f (genitive singular irise, nominative plural irisí)
Declension
Etymology 2
From Old Irish ires, iress f (“religion, creed, the (true) faith”).
Noun
iris f (genitive singular irise)
Declension
Bare forms (no plural form of this noun)
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Forms with the definite article
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Alternative forms
Etymology 3
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Noun
iris f (genitive singular irise, nominative plural irisí)
- Alternative form of oireas
- magazine, journal
- Synonym: irisleabhar
- gazette
Declension
Derived terms
- iris mhíosúil f (“monthly magazine”)
- iris oifigiúil f (“official gazette”)
- iris trádála f (“trade journal”)
- iriseoir m (“journalist”)
Related terms
- iriseoireacht f (“journalism”)
Etymology 4
Noun
iris m
Pronunciation
Mutation
Irish mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
iris | n-iris | hiris | not applicable |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “iris”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “iris”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “ires(s)”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- de Bhaldraithe, Tomás (1959) “iris”, in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm
- “iris”, in New English-Irish Dictionary, Foras na Gaeilge, 2013-2024
Italian
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin iris, Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris).
Noun
iris m or f (uncountable)
Anagrams
Latin
Noun
(deprecated template usage) īrīs
- rainbow
- Vulgate Bible, Douay-Rheims Version, Revelation 10:1
- et vidi alium angelum fortem descendentem de caelo amictum nube et iris in capite eius et facies eius erat ut sol et pedes eius tamquam columna ignis
- Vulgate Bible, Douay-Rheims Version, Revelation 10:1
Norwegian Bokmål
Etymology
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris, “rainbow”).
Noun
iris m (definite singular irisen, indefinite plural iriser, definite plural irisene)
- (botany) an iris (flower)
- (anatomy) an iris (part of the eye)
- Synonym: regnbuehinne
References
- “iris” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Norwegian Nynorsk
Etymology
Borrowed from Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris, “rainbow”).
Noun
iris m (definite singular irisen, indefinite plural irisar, definite plural irisane)
- (botany) an iris (flower)
- (anatomy) an iris (part of the eye)
- Synonym: regnbogehinne
References
- “iris” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Old Irish
Pronunciation
Noun
iris
Mutation
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
iris (pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments) |
unchanged | n-iris |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Portuguese
Noun
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Romanian
Etymology
Borrowed from French iris, Latin iris, from Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris).
Noun
iris n (plural irisuri)
Noun
iris n (plural iriși)
Scottish Gaelic
Etymology
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.) Compare Irish iris.
Noun
iris f (genitive singular irise, plural irisean)
- magazine, periodical
- Synonym: ràitheachan
Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation | |||
---|---|---|---|
Radical | Eclipsis | with h-prothesis | with t-prothesis |
iris | n-iris | h-iris | t-iris |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Spanish
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin iris, Ancient Greek ἶρις (îris).
Pronunciation
Noun
iris m (plural iris or iríses)
Derived terms
Related terms
Further reading
- English terms inherited from Middle English
- English terms derived from Middle English
- English terms borrowed from Latin
- English terms derived from Latin
- English terms derived from Ancient Greek
- English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- English terms with audio links
- English 2-syllable words
- English terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:English/aɪɹɪs
- English lemmas
- English nouns
- English countable nouns
- English indeclinable nouns
- English nouns with irregular plurals
- en:Botany
- en:Anatomy
- en:Photography
- en:Cinematography
- English poetic terms
- en:Electronics
- en:Zoology
- English verbs
- en:Flowers
- en:Iris family plants
- Catalan terms derived from Latin
- Catalan terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Catalan terms with IPA pronunciation
- Catalan lemmas
- Catalan nouns
- Catalan indeclinable nouns
- Catalan countable nouns
- Catalan masculine nouns
- ca:Anatomy
- Dutch terms with audio links
- Dutch lemmas
- Dutch nouns
- Dutch nouns with plural in -en
- Dutch common-gender nouns
- Esperanto terms with audio links
- Esperanto non-lemma forms
- Esperanto verb forms
- French terms borrowed from Latin
- French terms derived from Latin
- French terms borrowed from Ancient Greek
- French terms derived from Ancient Greek
- French 2-syllable words
- French terms with IPA pronunciation
- French terms with audio links
- French lemmas
- French nouns
- French countable nouns
- French masculine nouns
- Ido non-lemma forms
- Ido verb forms
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- Indonesian verbs
- Irish terms inherited from Old Irish
- Irish terms derived from Old Irish
- Irish lemmas
- Irish nouns
- Irish feminine nouns
- Irish second-declension nouns
- Irish literary terms
- Irish non-lemma forms
- Irish noun forms
- Irish noun plural forms
- Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- ga:Periodicals
- ga:Religion
- Italian terms borrowed from Latin
- Italian terms derived from Latin
- Italian terms borrowed from Ancient Greek
- Italian terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Italian lemmas
- Italian nouns
- Italian uncountable nouns
- Italian masculine nouns
- Italian feminine nouns
- Italian nouns with multiple genders
- Latin non-lemma forms
- Latin noun forms
- Norwegian Bokmål terms borrowed from Ancient Greek
- Norwegian Bokmål terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Norwegian Bokmål lemmas
- Norwegian Bokmål nouns
- Norwegian Bokmål masculine nouns
- nb:Plants
- nb:Anatomy
- nb:Flowers
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms borrowed from Ancient Greek
- Norwegian Nynorsk terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Norwegian Nynorsk lemmas
- Norwegian Nynorsk nouns
- Norwegian Nynorsk masculine nouns
- nn:Plants
- nn:Anatomy
- nn:Flowers
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish non-lemma forms
- Old Irish noun forms
- Portuguese obsolete forms
- Romanian terms borrowed from French
- Romanian terms derived from French
- Romanian terms borrowed from Latin
- Romanian terms derived from Latin
- Romanian terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Romanian lemmas
- Romanian nouns
- Romanian countable nouns
- Romanian neuter nouns
- ro:Anatomy
- ro:Botany
- ro:Flowers
- ro:Plants
- Scottish Gaelic lemmas
- Scottish Gaelic nouns
- Scottish Gaelic feminine nouns
- gd:Periodicals
- Spanish terms borrowed from Latin
- Spanish terms derived from Latin
- Spanish terms borrowed from Ancient Greek
- Spanish terms derived from Ancient Greek
- Spanish 2-syllable words
- Spanish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Spanish lemmas
- Spanish nouns
- Spanish countable nouns
- Spanish nouns with multiple plurals
- Spanish masculine nouns
- es:Anatomy