ira

See also: Appendix:Variations of "ira"

Translingual

Symbol

ira

1. (international standards) ISO 639-2 & ISO 639-5 language code for Iranian languages.

Ayu

Noun

ira

1. fire

References

• Blench, Roger. "The Ayu language of Central Nigeria and its affinities" (2011), page 6

Basque

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iɾa/ [i.ɾa]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iɾa, -a
• Hyphenation: i‧ra

Noun

ira inan

1. fern

Declension

Declension of ira (inan a-stem)

	indefinite	singular	plural	proximal plural
absolutive	ira	ira	irak	irok
ergative	irak	irak	irek	irok
dative	irari	irari	irei	iroi
genitive	iraren	iraren	iren	iron
comitative	irarekin	irarekin	irekin	irokin
causative	irarengatik	irarengatik	irengatik	irongatik
benefactive	irarentzat	irarentzat	irentzat	irontzat
instrumental	iraz	iraz	irez	irotaz
innesive	iratan	iran	iretan	irotan
locative	iratako	irako	iretako	irotako
allative	iratara	irara	iretara	irotara
terminative	irataraino	iraraino	iretaraino	irotaraino
directive	iratarantz	irarantz	iretarantz	irotarantz
destinative	iratarako	irarako	iretarako	irotarako
ablative	iratatik	iratik	iretatik	irotatik
partitive	irarik	—	—	—
prolative	iratzat	—	—	—

Related terms

• iratze
• garo

Further reading

• “ira”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy] (in Basque), Euskaltzaindia [Royal Academy of the Basque Language]
• “ira”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Catalan

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin ira.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [ˈi.ɾə]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [ˈi.ɾa]

• Audio (Catalonia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iɾa

Noun

ira f (plural ires)

1. rage, wrath

Derived terms

• aïrar

Related terms

• irascible
• irat

Further reading

• “ira”, in Diccionari de la llengua catalana [Dictionary of the Catalan Language] (in Catalan), second edition, Institute of Catalan Studies [Catalan: Institut d'Estudis Catalans], April 2007

Chuukese

Noun

ira

1. tree

Fataluku

Noun

ira

1. water

Further reading

• A. Schapper, J. Huber, A. van Engelenhoven, The Historical Relation of the Papuan Languages of Timor and Kisar, Language and Linguistics in Melnesia, Special Issue : On the History, Contact and Classification of Papuan languages (2012) pp. 194-242
• Clara Sarmento, From Here to Diversity (2010, →ISBN, page 248

Fijian

Pronoun

ira

1. they (approx. five or more)

See also

Fijian personal pronouns

				singular	dual	paucal	plural
1st person				au	keirau (exclusive) kedaru (inclusive)	keitou (exclusive) kedatou (inclusive)	keimami (exclusive) keda (inclusive)
2nd person				iko	kemudrau	kemudou	kemuni
3rd person				koya	rau	iratou	ira

French

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /i.ʁa/

• Audio (France (Lyon)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Brétigny-sur-Orge)):

  (file)

• Audio (France (Vosges)):

  (file)

Verb

ira

1. third-person singular future of aller

Anagrams

• air, rai

Galician

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese ira (13th century, Cantigas de Santa Maria), from Latin ira.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈiɾa/ [ˈi.ɾɐ]
• Rhymes: -iɾa
• Hyphenation: i‧ra

Noun

ira f (plural iras)

1. ire, anger, wrath

   Synonym: cólera

References

• Seoane, Ernesto Xosé González; Granja, María Álvarez de la; Agrelo, Ana Isabel Boullón (2006–2022), “ira”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval [Dictionary of dictionaries of Medieval Galician] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Barreiro, Xavier Varela; Guinovart, Xavier Gómez (2006–2018), “ira”, in Corpus Xelmírez: corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval [Corpus Xelmírez: linguistic corpus of Medieval Galicia] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “ira”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “ira”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega

Gunya

Etymology

Ultimately from Proto-Pama-Nyungan *rirra.

Noun

ira

1. tooth

Further reading

• Barry Alpher, Proto-Pama-Nyungan etyma, in Claire Bowern, Harold James Koch, Australian Languages: Classification and the Comparative Method (2004, →ISBN

Interlingua

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iˈra/

Verb

ira

1. future of ir

Italian

Etymology

From Latin īra.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈi.ra/
• Rhymes: -ira
• Hyphenation: ì‧ra

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

ira f (plural ire)

1. (usually uncountable) anger, ire, wrath

   Synonyms: furia, rabbia

2. (Christianity, uncountable) anger (deadly sin)

   Synonym: iracondia

3. hatred

   Synonym: odio

4. (rare, usually in the plural) discord, dissension

   Synonym: discordia

5. (literary) indignation

   Synonym: sdegno

6. (figurative) fury, violence

   Synonyms: furia, violenza

7. one who is enraged or wrathful
8. (obsolete) sorrow, grief

   Synonyms: afflizione, dolore

Related terms

• iracondo
• irascibile
• irato
• iroso

Further reading

• ira in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana
• ira in Dizionario Italiano Olivetti, Olivetti Media Communication

Anagrams

• -ari, Ari, RAI, Rai, ari, rai, ria, rià

Karao

Pronoun

ira

1. they

Kikuyu

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /iɾa/

Etymology 1

Verb

ira (infinitive kũira)

1. to be black, to turn black

Derived terms

(Nouns)

• mũiri class 3

(Proverbs)

• Kamau mwerũ nĩ airaga

Related terms

(Adjectives)

• -irũ

Etymology 2

Verb

ira (infinitive kũira)

1. to feel stinted of

References

• Armstrong, Lilias E. (1940). The Phonetic and Tonal Structure of Kikuyu, p. 361. Rep. 1967. (Also in 2018 by Routledge).
• “ira” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

Latin

Etymology

Etymology tree

Latin eira

Latin ira

From earlier eira (Plautus), from Proto-Italic *eizā, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eys- (compare Ancient Greek οἶστρος (oîstros), Lithuanian aistrà (“violent passion”), Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬴𐬨𐬀 (aēṣ̌ma, “anger”)).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈiː.ra]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈiː.ra]

Noun

īra f (genitive īrae); first declension

1. ire, anger, wrath

   Synonyms: furia, indignātiō

   Diēs īrae. ― Day of wrath

   • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.11:

     Tantaene animīs caelestibus īrae?

     [Is there] not such [terrible] wrath in celestial spirits?
     Can there [be] such rage in heavenly hearts?
     Did the heaven-dwellers [harbor] so much anger?
     [Is there] resentment so [awful] in the spirits above?
     How could the gods [retain] such wrath?
     (Does vengeful anger, a base human emotion, also impassion divine beings? The enclitic particle “-ne” [tantae-ne] marks the Latin phrase as a question, and ellipsis – the omission of a word or phrase that can be inferred from context – intensifies varied translations.)

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	īra	īrae
genitive	īrae	īrārum
dative	īrae	īrīs
accusative	īram	īrās
ablative	īrā	īrīs
vocative	īra	īrae

Related terms

• īrācundē
• īrācundia
• īrācundus
• īrāscor
• īrātē
• īrātus

Descendants

• Catalan: ira
• English: ire
• French: ire
• Portuguese: ira
• Italian: ira
• Judeo-Italian: אִירַה (ʔirah /⁠ira⁠/)
• Sicilian: irra
• Spanish: ira
• → Albanian: irë

References

• “ira”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• "ira", in Charles du Fresne du Cange, Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be fired with rage: ira incensum esse
    
  • to be fired with rage: ira ardere (Flacc. 35. 88)
    
  • his anger cools: ira defervescit (Tusc. 4. 36. 78)
    
  • to vent one's anger, spite on some one: iram in aliquem effundere
    
  • to vent one's anger, spite on some one: iram, bilem evomere in aliquem
    
  • to give free play to one's anger: irae indulgere (Liv. 23. 3)
    
  • to be short-tempered; to be prone to anger: praecipitem in iram esse (Liv. 23. 7)
    
  • to calm one's anger: iram restinguere, sedare
    
• “ira”, in The Perseus Project (1999), Perseus Encyclopedia‎^[2]
• “ira”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper’s Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ira”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly

Makalero

Noun

ira

1. water

Further reading

• Juliette Huber, A grammar of Makalero
• A. Schapper, J. Huber, A. van Engelenhoven, The Historical Relation of the Papuan Languages of Timor and Kisar, Language and Linguistics in Melnesia, Special Issue : On the History, Contact and Classification of Papuan languages (2012) pp. 194-242

Makasae

Noun

ira

1. water

Further reading

• Juliette Huber, First steps towards a grammar of Makasae: a language of East Timor (2008)
• A. Schapper, J. Huber, A. van Engelenhoven, The Historical Relation of the Papuan Languages of Timor and Kisar, Language and Linguistics in Melnesia, Special Issue : On the History, Contact and Classification of Papuan languages (2012) pp. 194-242

Manchu

Romanization

ira

1. romanization of ᡳᡵᠠ

Māori

Etymology

From Proto-Polynesian *qila (compare with Samoan ila and Tongan ‘ila) from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *qila (compare with Cebuano ila) (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈira/ [ˈiɾɐ]

Noun

ira

1. dot, freckle, speck, mole
2. particle
3. shine, glimmer

Derived terms

• iraira
• whakaira

Further reading

• Williams, Herbert William (1917), “ira”, in A Dictionary of the Maori Language, page 93
• “ira” in John C. Moorfield, Te Aka: Maori–English, English–Maori Dictionary and Index, 3rd edition, Longman/Pearson Education New Zealand, 2011, →ISBN.

Mokilese

Alternative forms

• ara

Pronoun

ira

1. third person dual; the two of them

See also

Mokilese personal pronouns

singular	1st person	ngoah, ngoahi
	2nd person	koah, koawoa
	3rd person	ih
dual	1st person exclusive	kisa
	1st person inclusive	kama
	2nd person	kamwa
	3rd person	ara, ira
plural	1st person exclusive	kisai
	1st person inclusive	kamai
	2nd person	kamwai
	3rd person	arai, irai
remote plural	1st person exclusive	kihs
	1st person inclusive	kimi
	2nd person	kimwi
	3rd person	ihr

Oirata

Noun

ira

1. water

Further reading

• Cakalele, volumes 7-9 (1996), page 14
• A. Schapper, J. Huber, A. van Engelenhoven, The Historical Relation of the Papuan Languages of Timor and Kisar, Language and Linguistics in Melnesia, Special Issue : On the History, Contact and Classification of Papuan languages (2012) pp. 194-242

Old Saxon

Alternative forms

• iru, iro, ire

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *hiz.

Pronoun

ira

1. genitive of siu: her

Declension

Old Saxon personal pronouns

			nominative	accusative	dative	genitive
singular	1st person		ik	mī, me, mik	mī	mīn
	2nd person		thū	thī, thik	thī	thīn
	3rd person	m	hē	ina	imu	is
		f	siu	sia	iru	ira
		n	it		it	is
dual	1st person		wit	unk		unkero, unka
	2nd person		git	ink		inker, inka
plural	1st person		wī, we	ūs, unsik	ūs	ūser
	2nd person		gī, ge	eu, iu, iuu		euwar, iuwer, iuwar, iuwero, iuwera
	3rd person	m	sia		im	iro
		f	sia
		n	siu

Descendants

• Middle Low German: ēr
  • Dutch Low Saxon: eur
  • German Low German: üor, ehr, eer

Portuguese

Pronunciation

 

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈi.ɾɐ/

• (Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈi.ɾɐ/
  • (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /ˈi.ɾa/

• (Portugal) IPA^(key): /ˈi.ɾɐ/

• Rhymes: -iɾɐ
• Hyphenation: i‧ra

Etymology 1

From Old Galician-Portuguese ira, from Latin īra, from Proto-Indo-European *eis.

Noun

ira f (plural iras)

1. anger, rage (a strong feeling of displeasure, hostility or antagonism towards someone or something)

Derived terms

• irar

Related terms

• irado

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

ira

1. inflection of irar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “ira”, in Dicionário infopédia da Lingua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Porto: Porto Editora, 2003–2026
• “ira”, in Michaelis Dicionário Brasileiro da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), São Paulo: Editora Melhoramentos, 2015–2026, →ISBN
• “ira”, in Dicionário Priberam da Língua Portuguesa (in Portuguese), Lisbon: Priberam, 2008–2026

Spanish

Etymology

From Latin īra. Cognate with English ire.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈiɾa/ [ˈi.ɾa]

• Audio (Colombia):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iɾa
• Syllabification: i‧ra

Noun

ira f (plural iras)

1. anger, ire

   Synonyms: enojo, enfado

2. wrath, rage

   Synonyms: cólera, rabia, furia

Derived terms

• airar

Further reading

• “ira”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025

Tause

Noun

ira

1. (Weirate, Deirate) water

See also

• era (Standard Tause)

References

• Duane A. Clouse, 1997, Toward a reconstruction and reclassification of the Lakes Plain languages of Irian Jaya, In Karl J. Franklin (ed.), Papers in Papuan linguistics No. 2, 133-236. Canberra: Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Australian National University, page 172

Yoruba

Etymology 1

Alternative forms

• ará
• iá (Ondo)
• ịrá (Ekiti)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ī.ɾá/

Noun

irá

1. (Ilajẹ) native, indigene
2. (Ilajẹ) member of a society, group, club, or family
3. (Ilajẹ) family, relative, friend, acquaintance

   Synonyms: ẹbí, ọ̀rẹ́, ojúlùmọ̀

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ì.ɾà/, /ì.ɾā/

Noun

ìrà or ìra

1. Several plants of the Euphorbiaceae or Phyllanthaceae families such as Bridelia Micrantha, traditionally used as a purgative

Etymology 3

ì- (“nominalizing prefix”) +‎ rà (“to decay, to be rotten”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ì.ɾà/

Noun

ìrà

1. something that is rotten or decayed

Etymology 4

ì- (“nominalizing prefix”) +‎ rà (“to buy”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ì.ɾà/

Noun

ìrà

1. the act of buying, a purchase

Etymology 5

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ì.ɾá/

Noun

ìrá

1. The plant Rauvolfia Vomitoria, often used in traditional medicine

   Synonym: asofẹ́yẹjẹ

Etymology 6

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ì.ɾá/

Noun

ìrá

1. synonym of ìrá kùnnùgbá (“hartebeest”)

Etymology 7

ì- (“nominalizing prefix”) +‎ rá (“to crawl”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ì.ɾá/

Noun

ìrá

1. something that crawls, crawler, creeper

Etymology 8

i- (“non-gerundive nominalizer”) +‎ rà (“to decay, to decompose”), literally “That in which decomposition occurs”

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ī.ɾà/

Noun

irà

1. swamp, marshland

   Synonym: àbàtà