-ari

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See also: ARI, Ari, ari, arı, arī, Ári, ári, arí, àrì, -arí, and -äri

Basque[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Basque [Term?], a borrowing from Latin -ārium.[1][2]

Alternative forms[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-ari

  1. Used to create names of occupations from nouns.
    ‎olerki (“poem”) + ‎-ari → ‎olerkari (“poet”)
Derived terms[edit]
Basque terms suffixed with -ari

Etymology 2[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-ari

  1. Alternative form of -kari

Etymology 3[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-ari

  1. Dative singular suffix.
Declension[edit]
Basque inflectional suffixes
indefinite singular plural proximal plural
absolutive -∅ -a -ak -ok
ergative -k, -ek -ak -ek
dative -ri, -i -ari -ei -oi
genitive -ren, -en -aren -en -on
comitative -rekin, -ekin -arekin -ekin -okin
causative -rengatik, -engatik -arengatik -engatik -ongatik
benefactive -rentzat, -entzat -arentzat -entzat -ontzat
instrumental -z, -ez -az -ez -oz
inessive anim. -rengan, -engan -arengan -engan -oengan
inanim. -tan, -etan -an -etan -otan
locative anim.
―
―
―
―
inanim. -tako, -etako -ko, -eko -etako -otako
allative anim. -rengana, -engana -arengana -engana -ongana
inanim. -tara, -etara -ra, -era -etara -otara
terminative anim. -renganaino, -enganaino -arenganaino -enganaino -onganaino
inanim. -taraino, -etaraino -raino, -eraino -etaraino -otaraino
directive anim. -renganantz, -enganantz -arenganantz -enganantz -onganantz
inanim. -tarantz, -etarantz -rantz, -erantz -etarantz -otarantz
destinative anim. -renganako, -enganako -arenganako -enganako -onganako
inanim. -tarako, -etarako -rako, -erako -etarako -otarako
ablative anim. -rengandik, -engandik -arengandik -engandik -ongandik
inanim. -tatik, -etatik -tik, -etik -etik -otik
partitive -rik, -ik
―
―
―
prolative -tzat
―
―
―
The forms shown first are used when the ending is a vowel, the ones after the comma when it is a consonant.

References[edit]

  1. ^ Mitxelena, Koldo L. (1961) Fonética histórica vasca [Basque Historical Phonetics] (Obras completas de Luis Michelena; 1) (in Spanish), Diputación Foral de Guipuzkoa, published 1990, →ISBN, page 135
  2. ^ “-ari” in Etymological Dictionary of Basque by R. L. Trask, sussex.ac.uk

Catalan[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin -ārius. Doublet of -er.

Suffix[edit]

-ari m (feminine -ària, masculine plural -aris, feminine plural -àries)

  1. forms adjectives, from nouns, meaning “of or related to the suffixed nouns”
    ‎revolució (“revolution”) + ‎-ari → ‎revolucionari (“revolutionary”)

Derived terms[edit]

Catalan terms suffixed with -ari

Further reading[edit]

Faroese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From the Old Norse -ari (“suffix used to create agent nouns from verbs”), from Middle Low German [Term?], from Latin -ārius.

Suffix[edit]

-ari m (genitive singular -ara, plural -arar)

  1. -er, -or; (a masculine suffix used to form agent nouns from verb and noun stems)
    at baka (“to bake”) + -ari → bakari (“a baker”).

Declension[edit]

Declension of -ari
m1 singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative -ari -arin -arar -ararnir
accusative -ara -aran -arar -ararnar
dative -ara -aranum -arum -arunum
genitive -ara -arans -ara -aranna

Derived terms[edit]

Faroese terms suffixed with -ari

Finnish[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Mostly borrowed from Old Norse -ari (“suffix used to create agent nouns from verbs”) (itself mostly from Latin -ārius) through its use in many loanwords. Partially from and reinforced by -ri.

Suffix[edit]

-ari (front vowel harmony variant -äri)

  1. Used to create names of occupations from nouns or verbs.
    ‎kartta (“map”) + ‎-uri → ‎kartturi (“navigator”)
    ‎vaate (“garment”) + ‎-uri → ‎vaatturi (“tailor”)
    ‎duunata (“to work”) + ‎-ari → ‎duunari (“worker”)
    ‎puutarha (“garden”) + ‎-uri → ‎puutarhuri (“gardener”)
    ‎urut (“organ”) + ‎-uri → ‎urkuri (“organist”)
    ‎saha (“saw, sawmill”) + ‎-uri → ‎sahuri (“sawmill operator”)
    ‎rokki (“rock music”) + ‎-ari → ‎rokkari (“rocker”)
  2. (colloquial) General denominal noun suffix.
    ‎huppu + ‎-ari → ‎huppari
    ‎häly + ‎-ari → ‎häläri
    ‎hintti + ‎-ari → ‎hinttari
    ‎kulma + ‎-uri → ‎kulmuri
  3. (colloquial) Denominal suffix used to clip nouns.
    ‎ostoskeskus + ‎-ari → ‎ostari
    ‎ryynimakkara + ‎-ari → ‎ryynäri
    ‎poskisauhu + ‎-ari → ‎poskari
  4. (slang) Used to create terms meaning "supporter of something"
    ‎kommunisti (“communist”) + ‎-ari → ‎kommari
    ‎sosiaalidemokraatti (“social democrat”) + ‎-ari → ‎demari

Derived terms[edit]

Finnish terms suffixed with -ari
Finnish terms suffixed with -uri

Icelandic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From the Old Norse -ari (“suffix used to create agent nouns from verbs”). This suffix is not Germanic, ultimately deriving from Latin -ārius through borrowings, and lives on in different guises in the Germanic languages, e.g., in the German -er, used for the same purpose.

Suffix[edit]

-ari m (genitive singular -ara, plural -arar)

  1. -er, -or; (a masculine suffix used to form agent nouns from verb and noun stems)
    leika (“to act”) + -ari → leikari (“an actor”).

Derived terms[edit]

Icelandic terms suffixed with -ari

Italian[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-ari m or f

  1. plural of -are

Etymology 2[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-ari m

  1. masculine plural of -aro

Etymology 3[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-ari m

  1. masculine plural of -ario

Anagrams[edit]

Latin[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Apparently from a dative singular in -ī, the semantic shift being "for Xing" > "to be Xed".

Suffix[edit]

-ārī

  1. present passive infinitive of -ō (first conjugation)

Etymology 2[edit]

Suffix[edit]

-ārī

  1. dative/ablative singular of -āris

Old High German[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz.

Suffix[edit]

-āri

  1. used to form agent nouns
    from nouns: ‎buoch (“book”) + ‎-āri → ‎buochāri (“scholar”)
    from verbs: ‎hëlfan (“to help”) + ‎-āri → ‎hëlfāri (“helper”)
Derived terms[edit]
Old High German terms suffixed with -ari
Descendants[edit]
  • Middle High German: -ære, -er
    • Alemannic German: -er
    • Cimbrian: -ar
    • German: -er
    • Luxembourgish: -er
    • Yiddish: ־ער‎ (-er)

Etymology 2[edit]

From Proto-Germanic *warjaz.

Suffix[edit]

-āri

  1. used to form demonyms
    Baiāri (“Bavarian”)
    Romāri (“Roman”)
Descendants[edit]

Old Norse[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Borrowed as part of Medieval Latin and Middle Low German words. In both cases, it stems from Latin -ārius. The suffix -ari replaced the native suffix -i which was used for agent nouns before: skytari (“shooter, bowman”) instead of skyti (“shooter, bowman”), both derived from skjóta (“to shoot”).[1]

Suffix[edit]

-ari m

  1. a suffix used to create agent nouns from verbs; such as skytari (“shooter, bowman”), from skjóta (“to shoot”)

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Olav Næs, Norsk Grammatikk — Ordlære, 1952; p. 246

Old Saxon[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz.

Suffix[edit]

-āri

  1. Forms masculine agent nouns from verbs: -er
  2. Forms masculine agent nouns from other nouns: -er

Declension[edit]

Declension of -āri (masculine ja-stem)
singular plural
nominative -āri -ārios
accusative -āri -ārios
genitive -āries -āriō
dative -ārie -ārium
instrumental — —


Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  1. Köbler, Gerhard, Altsächsisches Wörterbuch, (5. Auflage) 2014

Romansch[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Latin -ārium, -ārius.

Suffix[edit]

-ari

  1. -ary (nominal suffix)
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