-ari

See also: ARI, Ari, ari, arı, arī, Ári, ári, arí, àrì, -arí, and -äri

Basque

Alternative forms

• -lari, -kari

Etymology

Possibly from Proto-Basque *-ali.

Suffix

-ari

1. Used to create names of occupations from nouns.

   ‎olerki (“poem”) + ‎-ari → ‎olerkari (“poet”)

2. Used in names of meals.

   ‎gau (“night”) + ‎-ari → ‎afari (“dinner”)

Derived terms

► Basque words suffixed with -ari

References

• Mitxelena, Koldo L. (1961) Fonética histórica vasca [Basque Historical Phonetics] (Obras completas de Luis Michelena; 1) (in Spanish), Diputación Foral de Guipuzkoa, published 1990, →ISBN, page 317
• “-ari” in Etymological Dictionary of Basque by R. L. Trask, sussex.ac.uk

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Catalan

Etymology

From Latin -ārius. Doublet of -er.

Suffix

-ari m (feminine -ària, masculine plural -aris, feminine plural -àries)

1. forms adjectives, from nouns, meaning “of or related to the suffixed nouns”

   ‎revolució (“revolution”) + ‎-ari → ‎revolucionari (“revolutionary”)

Derived terms

► Catalan words suffixed with -ari

Further reading

• “-ari” in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana.
• “-ari” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.

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Faroese

Etymology

From the Old Norse -ari (“suffix used to create agent nouns from verbs”), from Middle Low German [Term?], from Latin -ārius.

Suffix

-ari m (genitive singular -ara, plural -arar)

1. -er, -or; (a masculine suffix used to form agent nouns from verb and noun stems)

   at baka (“to bake”) + -ari → bakari (“a baker”).

Declension

Declension of -ari
m1	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	-ari	-arin	-arar	-ararnir
accusative	-ara	-aran	-arar	-ararnar
dative	-ara	-aranum	-arum	-arunum
genitive	-ara	-arans	-ara	-aranna

Derived terms

► Faroese words suffixed with -ari

• átari
• flekjari
• klokkari
• skrivar

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Finnish

Etymology

See -ri.

Suffix

-ari (front vowel harmony variant -äri)

1. Variant of -ri; forms agent nouns.

Derived terms

► Finnish words suffixed with -ari

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Icelandic

Etymology

From the Old Norse -ari (“suffix used to create agent nouns from verbs”). This suffix is not Germanic, ultimately deriving from Latin -ārius through borrowings, and lives on in different guises in the Germanic languages, e.g., in the German -er, used for the same purpose.

Suffix

-ari m (genitive singular -ara, plural -arar)

1. -er, -or; (a masculine suffix used to form agent nouns from verb and noun stems)

   leika (“to act”) + -ari → leikari (“an actor”).

Derived terms

► Icelandic words suffixed with -ari

• kallari
• togari

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Italian

Etymology 1

Suffix

-ari m or f

1. plural of -are

Etymology 2

Suffix

-ari m

1. masculine plural of -aro

Etymology 3

Suffix

-ari m

1. masculine plural of -ario

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Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈaː.riː/, [ˈaː.ɾiː]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈa.ri/, [ˈaː.ri]

Suffix

-ārī

1. dative masculine singular of -āris
2. dative feminine singular of -āris
3. dative neuter singular of -āris
4. ablative masculine singular of -āris
5. ablative neuter singular of -āris
6. ablative feminine singular of -āris
7. present passive infinitive of -ō

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Old High German

Alternative forms

• -ari, -eri

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz

Suffix

-āri

1. used to form agent nouns

   from nouns: ‎buoch (“book”) + ‎-āri → ‎buochāri (“scholar”)

   from verbs: ‎hëlfan (“to help”) + ‎-āri → ‎hëlfāri (“helper”)

Derived terms

► Old High German words suffixed with -ari

Descendants

• Middle High German: -ære, -er
  • Alemannic German: -er
  • Cimbrian: -ar
  • German: -er
  • Luxembourgish: -er
  • Yiddish: ־ער‎ (-er)

Etymology 2

From Proto-Germanic *warjaz.

Suffix

-āri

1. used to form demonyms

   Baiāri (“Bavarian”)

   Romāri (“Roman”)

Descendants

• German: -er

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Old Norse

Etymology

Borrowed as part of Medieval Latin and Middle Low German words. In both cases, it stems from Latin -ārius. The suffix -ari replaced the native suffix -i which was used for agent nouns before: skytari (“shooter, bowman”) instead of skyti (“shooter, bowman”), both derived from skjóta (“to shoot”).

Suffix

-ari m

1. a suffix used to create agent nouns from verbs; such as skytari (“shooter, bowman”), from skjóta (“to shoot”)

Descendants

• Icelandic: -ari
• Faroese: -ari
• Norwegian:

  Bokmål: -er

  Nynorsk: -ar, -er

• Swedish: -are
• Danish: -er
• Westrobothnian: -ar, -er (Kalix)

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Old Saxon

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *-ārijaz.

Suffix

-āri

1. Forms masculine agent nouns from verbs: -er
2. Forms masculine agent nouns from other nouns: -er

Declension

Declension of -āri (masculine ja-stem)

	singular	plural
nominative	-āri	-ārios
accusative	-āri	-ārios
genitive	-āries	-āriō
dative	-ārie	-ārium
instrumental	—	—

Descendants

• Middle Low German: -ære, -ēre, -ere
  • Low German: -er

References

1. Köbler, Gerhard, Altsächsisches Wörterbuch, (5. Auflage) 2014

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Romansch

Etymology

From Latin -ārium, -ārius.

Suffix

-ari

1. -ary (nominal suffix)