-z

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English

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Etymology 1

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Eye dialect spelling variant of -s.

Suffix

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-z

  1. (urban slang, lolspeak, leetspeak) Used as a substitute for -s in marking the plural of nouns. Usually used in words in which the -s suffix is actually pronounced /z/.
    Boyz are always trouble.
    Oh hai. In teh beginnin Ceiling Cat maded teh skiez An da Urfs (Gen 1:1, LOLcat Bible)
  2. (urban slang) Used as a substitute for -s in marking verb inflections.
    He lovez me.

Etymology 2

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Rhotacism of /ɹ/

Documented since at least 1987.[1]

Suffix

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-z

  1. (UK, Australia, New Zealand) Forms nicknames, especially of personal names.
    Barry + ‎-z → ‎Baz
    Sharon + ‎-z → ‎Shaz
    Jeremy + ‎-z → ‎Jez
  2. (UK) Forms colloquial variants of words.
    sorry + ‎-z → ‎soz
    tomorrow + ‎-z → ‎tomoz
    apparently + ‎-z → ‎appaz
Usage notes
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  • Applied to words whose stressed syllable ends in /ɹ/, with the suffix replacing the /ɹ/ and the rest of the word.
Derived terms
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References

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  1. ^ John Silverlight (1987) More Words, Macmillan, →ISBN, page 53:Examples are 'Kaz', 'Shaz', 'Baz' and Waz' for Karen, Sharon, Barry, and Warwick, and the latest, 'soz' for sorry.

Basque

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Alternative forms

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  • -ez (after consonants)

Etymology

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Unknown.[1]

Suffix

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-z

  1. Instrumental indefinite suffix.
    autobus (bus) + ‎-z → ‎autobusez (by bus)

Declension

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Basque inflectional suffixes
indefinite singular plural proximal plural
absolutive -∅ -a -ak -ok
ergative -(e)k -ak -ek
dative -(r)i -ari -ei -oi
genitive -(r)en -aren -en -on
comitative -(r)ekin -arekin -ekin -okin
causative -(r)engatik -arengatik -engatik -ongatik
benefactive -(r)entzat -arentzat -entzat -ontzat
instrumental -(e)z -az -ez -oz
inessive anim. -(r)engan -arengan -engan -ongan
inanim. -(e)tan -an -etan -otan
locative anim.
inanim. -(e)tako -(e)ko -etako -otako
allative anim. -(r)engana -arengana -engana -ongana
inanim. -(e)tara -(e)ra -etara -otara
terminative anim. -(r)enganaino -arenganaino -enganaino -onganaino
inanim. -(e)taraino -(e)raino -etaraino -otaraino
directive anim. -(r)enganantz -arenganantz -enganantz -onganantz
inanim. -(e)tarantz -(e)rantz -etarantz -otarantz
destinative anim. -(r)enganako -arenganako -enganako -onganako
inanim. -(e)tarako -(e)rako -etarako -otarako
ablative anim. -(r)engandik -arengandik -engandik -ongandik
inanim. -(e)tatik -(e)tik -etik -otik
partitive -(r)ik
prolative -tzat

Derived terms

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References

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  1. ^ -z” in Etymological Dictionary of Basque by R. L. Trask, sussex.ac.uk

Hungarian

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Etymology

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This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.
Particularly: “Sense query: is this a causative suffix? The semantics in tisztatisztáz and sóz suggest that it is.”

From Proto-Uralic *-ta-. The preceding vowel, if any, is from the original stem of the root word.

Suffix

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-z

  1. (verb-forming suffix) Added to a noun to form a verb.
    (salt) + ‎-z → ‎z (to salt)
  2. (obsolete noun-forming suffix) Found in igaz, száraz. See the main variant -sz.

Usage notes

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  • (verb-forming suffix) Variants:
    -z is added to words ending in a vowel. Final -a changes to -á-. Final -e changes to -é-.
    -oz is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -az is added to other back-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -ez is added to unrounded (and some rounded) front-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -öz is added to most rounded front-vowel words ending in a consonant
    -áz is added to some back-vowel words ending in a consonant

Note: Certain words take another, synonymous suffix, -zik/-ozik/-azik/-ezik/-özik or -l/-ol/-al/-el/-öl/-ál.

Derived terms

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See also

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Old French

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Suffix

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-z

  1. Replaces -ts at the end of a word.
    mort (dead) (oblique singular) → morz (dead) (oblique plural)

Swahili

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Suffix

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-z

  1. (Sheng) "urbanizes" a word, makes it more hip with youth

Usage notes

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In Kenya, (-z) can be applied to nouns and verbs. In Tanzania, (-z) is usually only applied to nouns, like mtotoz.