paco

See also: Paco, pacó, pacò, and paço

English

Etymology

From Spanish paco.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɑːkəʊ/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

Noun

paco (countable and uncountable, plural pacos or pacoes)

1. (archaic) An alpaca.
2. An earthy-looking ore, consisting of brown oxide of iron with minute particles of native silver.
   • 1880, John Percy, Metallurgy: the art of extracting metals from their ores, page 652:

     Mr. Ratcliffe has sometimes found them to contain arsenic in an oxidized state, combined with ferric oxide, and once he met with a paco ore mainly composed of antimony ochre.

Anagrams

• CoAP, copa, OPAC, OPCA, Copa, acop, APCO, Capo, capo, ACPO

Cubeo

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /paˈko/

Noun

paco f

1. mother
2. parallel aunt

See also

• báco

References

• N. L. Morse; J. K. Salser; N. de Salser (1999), "paco", in Diccionario ilustrado bilingüe: cubeo-español, espanõl-cubeo, →ISBN
• N. L. Morse; M. B. Maxwell (1999), Cubeo Grammar: Studies in the languages of Colombia 5, Summer Institute of Linguistics, →ISBN

Esperanto

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ḱ-

Proto-Indo-European *-s

Proto-Indo-European *péh₂ḱs

Proto-Italic *pāks

Latin pāxder.

Esperanto paco

From Latin pāx (“peace”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpat͡so/

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -at͡so
• Syllabification: pa‧co

Noun

paco (accusative singular pacon, plural pacoj, accusative plural pacojn)

1. peace

   Antonym: malpaco

   Post tri longaj jaroj la popolo soporis pacon. ― After three long years, the people yearned for peace.

   La deziro al paco sidas en ĉiu homa koro. ― The desire for peace resides in each human heart.

   • 2012, Plato, translated by Donald Broadribb, La Respubliko (Traduko al Esperanto) [The Republic (Translation into Esperanto)], 2nd corrected edition (paperback), New York: Mondial, →ISBN, page 19:

     Efektive, paco kaj liberiĝo el tiaj aferoj venas dum maljuneco. Kiam la deziroj ĉesas urĝi kaj malstreĉiĝas, estas ĝuste kiel diris Sofoklo: Oni liberiĝas disde multaj frenezaj tiranoj.

     Effectively, peace and freedom come from those things during old age. When the desires cease urging and become relaxed, it is exactly like Sophocles said: One becomes free from many crazy tyrants.

Derived terms

• malpaco (“strife”)
• pacama (“peace-loving”)
• pacigi (“to pacify”)

Further reading

• “paco”, in Plena Ilustrita Vortaro de Esperanto [Complete Illustrated Dictionary of Esperanto], 2020, →ISBN
• “paco”, in Reta Vortaro [Online Dictionary] (in Esperanto), 1997-2026

Ido

Etymology

Borrowed from Esperanto paco, English peace, French paix, Italian pace, Spanish paz, ultimately from Latin pāx.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpat͡so/

Noun

paco (uncountable)

1. peace

Derived terms

• pacala
• pacema
• pacoza

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpa.ko/
• Rhymes: -ako
• Hyphenation: pà‧co

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish paco, from Quechua p'aqu.

Noun

paco m (plural pachi)

1. synonym of alpaca

Further reading

• paco in Treccani.it – Vocabolario Treccani on line, Istituto dell'Enciclopedia Italiana

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

paco

1. first-person singular present indicative of pacare

Anagrams

• capo, capo-, poca

Latin

Etymology 1

From pāx (“peace”) +‎ -ō (verb-forming suffix forming verbs from nouns or adjectives).

Alternative forms

• pākō (Old Latin)

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈpaː.koː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈpaː.ko]

Verb

pācō (present infinitive pācāre, perfect active pācāvī, supine pācātum); first conjugation

1. to make peaceful, pacify, quiet, soothe; subdue

   Synonyms: pācificō, expugnō, superō, dēvincō, subiciō, subigō, ēvincō, domō, opprimō

2. (Late or Medieval Latin) to settle, satisfy

Conjugation

   Conjugation of pācō (first conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	pācō		pācās		pācat		pācāmus		pācātis		pācant
	imperfect	pācābam		pācābās		pācābat		pācābāmus		pācābātis		pācābant
	future	pācābō		pācābis		pācābit		pācābimus		pācābitis		pācābunt
	perfect	pācāvī		pācāvistī		pācāvit		pācāvimus		pācāvistis		pācāvērunt, pācāvēre
	pluperfect	pācāveram		pācāverās		pācāverat		pācāverāmus		pācāverātis		pācāverant
	future perfect	pācāverō		pācāveris		pācāverit		pācāverimus		pācāveritis		pācāverint
passive	present	pācor		pācāris, pācāre		pācātur		pācāmur		pācāminī		pācantur
	imperfect	pācābar		pācābāris, pācābāre		pācābātur		pācābāmur		pācābāminī		pācābantur
	future	pācābor		pācāberis, pācābere		pācābitur		pācābimur		pācābiminī		pācābuntur
	perfect	pācātus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	pācātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	pācātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	pācem		pācēs		pācet		pācēmus		pācētis		pācent
	imperfect	pācārem		pācārēs		pācāret		pācārēmus		pācārētis		pācārent
	perfect	pācāverim		pācāverīs		pācāverit		pācāverīmus		pācāverītis		pācāverint
	pluperfect	pācāvissem		pācāvissēs		pācāvisset		pācāvissēmus		pācāvissētis		pācāvissent
passive	present	pācer		pācēris, pācēre		pācētur		pācēmur		pācēminī		pācentur
	imperfect	pācārer		pācārēris, pācārēre		pācārētur		pācārēmur		pācārēminī		pācārentur
	perfect	pācātus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	pācātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		pācā		—		—		pācāte		—
	future	—		pācātō		pācātō		—		pācātōte		pācantō
passive	present	—		pācāre		—		—		pācāminī		—
	future	—		pācātor		pācātor		—		—		pācantor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		pācāre			pācārī			pācāns			—
future		pācātūrum esse			pācātum īrī			pācātūrus			pācandus
perfect		pācāvisse			pācātum esse			—			pācātus
future perfect		—			pācātum fore			—			—
perfect potential		pācātūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		pācandī		pācandō		pācandum		pācandō		pācātum		pācātū

Derived terms

• compācō
• pācātē
• pācātiō
• pācātor
• pācātum
• pācātus
• perpācō

Related terms

• pācālis
• pācātōrius
• pācifer
• pācificātiō
• pācificātor
• pācificē
• pācificō
• pācificus
• pāx

Descendants

• Albanian: pagë
• Eastern Romance:
  • Romanian: păca ⇒ împăca
• Gallo-Italic:
  • Piedmontese: paghé, pajé (alpine)
  • Venetan: pagar
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Catalan: pagar
  • Franco-Provençal: payér
  • Old French: paiier, paier
    • Middle French: payer
      • French: payer
    • Norman: payer, payi
    • Middle Dutch: payen
      • Dutch: paaien
    • → Middle English: payen, paine, peiwen
      • English: pay
      • Scots: pey
      • Yola: paay
  • Old Occitan: pagar
    • Occitan: pagar, paiar (northern dialects)
• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: pagar
  • Mirandese: pagar
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: pagar
    • Galician: pagar
    • Portuguese: pagar
  • Old Spanish: pagar
    • Spanish: pagar
• Italo-Dalmatian:
  • Dalmatian: pacur
  • Italian: pagare
    • → Alemannic German: päge
  • Sicilian: pagari, pajari, pavari
  • Rhaeto-Romance:
    • Friulian: paiâ, pajâ
    • Romansh: pajar, pagar, pajear, pajer, paer
• Sardinian:
  • pacare, pagae, pagai, pagare
• Borrowings:
  • → Italian: pacare

Etymology 2

According to De Vaan 2008, explained by Meiser 2003 as a thematized derivative of an older root aorist from Proto-Indo-European *peh₂ḱ- (“to join, fasten”). Compare the inchoative pacīscor. If pronounced with [g], as advocated by some ancient sources, it would come instead from this root's variant form *peh₂ǵ-: compare pangō. The perfect form pepigī can be interpreted as a form of pangō.

Alternative forms

• pagō

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈpa.koː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈpaː.ko]
• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): [ˈpa.ɡoː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): [ˈpaː.ɡo]

Verb

pacō (present infinitive pacere, perfect active pepigī, supine pactum); third conjugation

1. to come to an agreement
   • 1839 [8th century CE], Paulus Diaconus, edited by Karl Otfried Müller, Excerpta ex libris Pompeii Festi De significatione verborum, page 363, line 6:

     'Talionis' mentionem fieri in XII. ait Verrius hoc modo: "Si membrum rupit, ni cum eo pacit, talio esto."

     Verrius says talion (retaliation in kind) is mentioned in the Twelve [Tables] in the following manner: "If [someone] breaks [another's] limb, let there be talion unless [the first] comes to an agreement with him."

   • Rhetorica ad Herennium 2.20:

     Pacta sunt quae legibus observanda sunt, hoc modo—"Rem ubi pacunt, orato. Ni pacunt, in comitio aut in foro ante meridiem causam coniciunto."

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • Quintus Terentius Scaurus, De Orthographia 15.12:

     Ego autem contenderim magis supervacuam esse c quam k, quoniam k, ut apud Graecos, satis vim etiam c litterae exprimat, sed quosdam figura deceptos, qua non solum apud nos, verum etiam apud antiquos Graecorum g littera notabatur, ut testatur foedus Graeciae † camelo aereo in hortis Caesaris in aede Fortis Fortunae incisum, ubi pro Γ haec forma posita est, item XII tabulae, ubi est 'ni pacunt' per hanc formam, quod male quidam per c enuntiant (est enim praeteritum eius pepigi a pango, ut tango tetigi, non paxi, ut a dico dixi), credidisse nobis k deesse et hanc quidem k dixisse, ceterum pro ea nota adiecta a Spurio Carvilio novam formam g litterae positam.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Conjugation

   Conjugation of pacō (third conjugation)

indicative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	pacō		pacis		pacit		pacimus		pacitis		pacunt
	imperfect	pacēbam		pacēbās		pacēbat		pacēbāmus		pacēbātis		pacēbant
	future	pacam		pacēs		pacet		pacēmus		pacētis		pacent
	perfect	pepigī		pepigistī		pepigit		pepigimus		pepigistis		pepigērunt, pepigēre
	pluperfect	pepigeram		pepigerās		pepigerat		pepigerāmus		pepigerātis		pepigerant
	future perfect	pepigerō		pepigeris		pepigerit		pepigerimus		pepigeritis		pepigerint
passive	present	pacor		paceris, pacere		pacitur		pacimur		paciminī		pacuntur
	imperfect	pacēbar		pacēbāris, pacēbāre		pacēbātur		pacēbāmur		pacēbāminī		pacēbantur
	future	pacar		pacēris, pacēre		pacētur		pacēmur		pacēminī		pacentur
	perfect	pactus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	pactus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	pactus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	pacam		pacās		pacat		pacāmus		pacātis		pacant
	imperfect	pacerem		pacerēs		paceret		pacerēmus		pacerētis		pacerent
	perfect	pepigerim		pepigerīs		pepigerit		pepigerīmus		pepigerītis		pepigerint
	pluperfect	pepigissem		pepigissēs		pepigisset		pepigissēmus		pepigissētis		pepigissent
passive	present	pacar		pacāris, pacāre		pacātur		pacāmur		pacāminī		pacantur
	imperfect	pacerer		pacerēris, pacerēre		pacerētur		pacerēmur		pacerēminī		pacerentur
	perfect	pactus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	pactus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular						plural
		first		second		third		first		second		third
active	present	—		pace		—		—		pacite		—
	future	—		pacitō		pacitō		—		pacitōte		pacuntō
passive	present	—		pacere		—		—		paciminī		—
	future	—		pacitor		pacitor		—		—		pacuntor
non-finite forms		infinitive						participle
		active			passive			active			passive
present		pacere			pacī			pacēns			—
future		pactūrum esse			pactum īrī			pactūrus			pacendus, pacundus
perfect		pepigisse			pactum esse			—			pactus
future perfect		—			pactum fore			—			—
perfect potential		pactūrum fuisse			—			—			—
verbal nouns		gerund								supine
		genitive		dative		accusative		ablative		accusative		ablative
		pacendī		pacendō		pacendum		pacendō		pactum		pactū

Further reading

• “paco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “paco”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “paco”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “pangō” in volume 10, part 1, column 205, line 12 in the Thesaurus Linguae Latinae (TLL Open Access), Berlin (formerly Leipzig): De Gruyter (formerly Teubner), 1900–present

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• 𑀧𑀘𑁄 (Brahmi script)
• पचो (Devanagari script)
• পচো (Bengali script)
• පචො (Sinhalese script)
• ပစော or ပၸေႃ (Burmese script)
• ปโจ or ปะโจ (Thai script)
• ᨷᨧᩮᩣ (Tai Tham script)
• ປໂຈ or ປະໂຈ (Lao script)
• បចោ (Khmer script)
• 𑄛𑄌𑄮 (Chakma script)

Verb

paco

1. second-person singular imperfect active of pacati (“to cook”)

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpa.t͡sɔ/
• Rhymes: -at͡sɔ
• Syllabification: pa‧co

Noun

paco f

1. vocative singular of paca

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpako/ [ˈpa.ko]

• Audio (Costa Rica):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ako
• Syllabification: pa‧co

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Quechua p'aqu (“rojizo”).

Adjective

paco (feminine paca, masculine plural pacos, feminine plural pacas)

1. reddish (color)

Noun

paco m (plural pacos, feminine paca, feminine plural pacas)

1. llama

   Synonym: llama

Descendants

• → Italian: paco

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

paco m (plural pacos, feminine paca, feminine plural pacas)

1. masculine singular of paca (rodent of the genus Cuniculus)

Etymology 3

Unknown; possibly related to pacífico (“peaceful”), (pejoratively) referring to the police as a peacekeeping force.

Noun

paco m (plural pacos, feminine paca, feminine plural pacas)

2. (colloquial, derogatory, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Panama) police officer

References

• Huang, Y. (2016). Learning Spanish Words Through Etymology and Mnemonics. United Kingdom: Xlibris US.

Etymology 4

Of imitative origin (presumably of gunfire).

Noun

paco m (plural pacos, feminine paca, feminine plural pacas)

1. (colloquial, obsolete, Spain) During Spanish occupation in Africa, a Moroccan sniper

References

• Roberts, Edward A. (2014), A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the Spanish Language with Families of Words based on Indo-European Roots, Xlibris Corporation, →ISBN

Etymology 5

Of unclear origin. Possibly a shortening of pasta de cocaína, or a corruption of basuco (“cocaine paste”).

Noun

paco m (plural pacos)

1. cocaine paste

Further reading

• “paco”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.8.1, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 15 December 2025
• “paco”, in Diccionario de americanismos [Dictionary of Americanisms] (in Spanish), Association of Academies of the Spanish Language [Spanish: Asociación de Academias de la Lengua Española], 2010