suma

See also: Suma, sumá, sumà, sumã, sumă, sumą, suʼma, and šuma

Basque

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /s̺uma/, [s̺u.ma]

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Spanish suma (“sum”).

Noun

suma inan

1. (dated) amount, quantity

   Synonym: kopuru

Declension

Declension of suma (inanimate, ending in -a)

	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	suma	suma	sumak
ergative	sumak	sumak	sumek
dative	sumari	sumari	sumei
genitive	sumaren	sumaren	sumen
comitative	sumarekin	sumarekin	sumekin
causative	sumarengatik	sumarengatik	sumengatik
benefactive	sumarentzat	sumarentzat	sumentzat
instrumental	sumaz	sumaz	sumez
inessive	sumatan	suman	sumetan
locative	sumatako	sumako	sumetako
allative	sumatara	sumara	sumetara
terminative	sumataraino	sumaraino	sumetaraino
directive	sumatarantz	sumarantz	sumetarantz
destinative	sumatarako	sumarako	sumetarako
ablative	sumatatik	sumatik	sumetatik
partitive	sumarik	—	—
prolative	sumatzat	—	—

Etymology 2

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

suma inan

1. smell (sense)

   Synonym: usaimen

Declension

Declension of suma (inanimate, ending in -a)

	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	suma	suma	sumak
ergative	sumak	sumak	sumek
dative	sumari	sumari	sumei
genitive	sumaren	sumaren	sumen
comitative	sumarekin	sumarekin	sumekin
causative	sumarengatik	sumarengatik	sumengatik
benefactive	sumarentzat	sumarentzat	sumentzat
instrumental	sumaz	sumaz	sumez
inessive	sumatan	suman	sumetan
locative	sumatako	sumako	sumetako
allative	sumatara	sumara	sumetara
terminative	sumataraino	sumaraino	sumetaraino
directive	sumatarantz	sumarantz	sumetarantz
destinative	sumatarako	sumarako	sumetarako
ablative	sumatatik	sumatik	sumetatik
partitive	sumarik	—	—
prolative	sumatzat	—	—

Further reading

• "suma" in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], euskaltzaindia.eus
• “suma” in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], euskaltzaindia.eus

Catalan

Etymology

From Latin summa.

Pronunciation

• (Balearic, Central) IPA^(key): /ˈsu.mə/
• (Valencian) IPA^(key): /ˈsu.ma/

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

suma f (plural sumes)

1. sum

Derived terms

• en suma

Cebuano

Etymology 1

From Spanish suma, from Latin summa.

Verb

suma

1. to reckon
2. to tabulate

Etymology 2

Unknown.

Adjective

suma

1. according to

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *suma, variant of Proto-Finnic *sumpa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsumɑ/, [ˈs̠umɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -umɑ
• Syllabification^(key): su‧ma

Noun

suma

1. logjam

   Synonym: jumi

2. traffic jam

   Synonym: ruuhka

3. (figurative, in compounds) accumulation, bunch

   kolarisuma ― pile-up

Declension

Inflection of suma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative		suma	sumat
genitive		suman	sumien
partitive		sumaa	sumia
illative		sumaan	sumiin
		singular	plural
nominative		suma	sumat
accusative	nom.	suma	sumat
	gen.	suman
genitive		suman	sumien sumainrare
partitive		sumaa	sumia
inessive		sumassa	sumissa
elative		sumasta	sumista
illative		sumaan	sumiin
adessive		sumalla	sumilla
ablative		sumalta	sumilta
allative		sumalle	sumille
essive		sumana	sumina
translative		sumaksi	sumiksi
instructive		—	sumin
abessive		sumatta	sumitta
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of suma (type koira)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative sumani sumani accusative nom. sumani sumani gen. sumani genitive sumani sumieni sumainirare partitive sumaani sumiani inessive sumassani sumissani elative sumastani sumistani illative sumaani sumiini adessive sumallani sumillani ablative sumaltani sumiltani allative sumalleni sumilleni essive sumanani suminani translative sumakseni sumikseni instructive — — abessive sumattani sumittani comitative — sumineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative sumasi sumasi accusative nom. sumasi sumasi gen. sumasi genitive sumasi sumiesi sumaisirare partitive sumaasi sumiasi inessive sumassasi sumissasi elative sumastasi sumistasi illative sumaasi sumiisi adessive sumallasi sumillasi ablative sumaltasi sumiltasi allative sumallesi sumillesi essive sumanasi suminasi translative sumaksesi sumiksesi instructive — — abessive sumattasi sumittasi comitative — suminesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative sumamme sumamme accusative nom. sumamme sumamme gen. sumamme genitive sumamme sumiemme sumaimmerare partitive sumaamme sumiamme inessive sumassamme sumissamme elative sumastamme sumistamme illative sumaamme sumiimme adessive sumallamme sumillamme ablative sumaltamme sumiltamme allative sumallemme sumillemme essive sumanamme suminamme translative sumaksemme sumiksemme instructive — — abessive sumattamme sumittamme comitative — suminemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative sumanne sumanne accusative nom. sumanne sumanne gen. sumanne genitive sumanne sumienne sumainnerare partitive sumaanne sumianne inessive sumassanne sumissanne elative sumastanne sumistanne illative sumaanne sumiinne adessive sumallanne sumillanne ablative sumaltanne sumiltanne allative sumallenne sumillenne essive sumananne suminanne translative sumaksenne sumiksenne instructive — — abessive sumattanne sumittanne comitative — suminenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative sumansa sumansa accusative nom. sumansa sumansa gen. sumansa genitive sumansa sumiensa sumainsarare partitive sumaansa sumiaan sumiansa inessive sumassaan sumassansa sumissaan sumissansa elative sumastaan sumastansa sumistaan sumistansa illative sumaansa sumiinsa adessive sumallaan sumallansa sumillaan sumillansa ablative sumaltaan sumaltansa sumiltaan sumiltansa allative sumalleen sumallensa sumilleen sumillensa essive sumanaan sumanansa suminaan suminansa translative sumakseen sumaksensa sumikseen sumiksensa instructive — — abessive sumattaan sumattansa sumittaan sumittansa comitative — sumineen suminensa

Further reading

• "suma" in Kielitoimiston sanakirja (Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish).

Anagrams

• Samu, masu, musa, usma

Galician

Etymology 1

Noun

suma f (plural sumas)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

suma

1. first-person singular present subjunctive of sumir
2. third-person singular present subjunctive of sumir

Gothic

Romanization

suma

1. Romanization of 𐍃𐌿𐌼𐌰

Guinea-Bissau Creole

Etymology

Perhaps from Portuguese assim + como ("thus how").

Adverb

suma

1. because

Ingrian

Suma.

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian сума (suma).

Pronunciation

• (Ala-Laukaa) IPA^(key): /ˈsumɑ/, [ˈs̠umɑ]
• (Soikkola) IPA^(key): /ˈsumɑ/, [ˈʃumɑ]
• Rhymes: -umɑ
• Hyphenation: su‧ma

Noun

suma

1. bag
   • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 22:

     Siso ompeli suman.

     Sis sewed the bag.

   • 1936, V. I. Junus, Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka‎^[1], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 75:

     Ohotnikka otti jänistä käpälist ja pani summaa.

     The hunter took the legs of the rabbit and put it in the bag.

   • 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva:

     Valja otti suman, pani bukvarin summaa ja laati paljton päälle.

     Valja took [her] bag, put a primer into the bag and put an overcoat on.

Declension

Declension of suma (type 3/koira, no gradation, gemination)
	singular	plural
nominative	suma	sumat
genitive	suman	summiin
partitive	summaa	summia
illative	summaa	summii
inessive	sumas	sumis
elative	sumast	sumist
allative	sumalle	sumille
adessive	sumal	sumil
ablative	sumalt	sumilt
translative	sumaks	sumiks
essive	sumanna, summaan	suminna, summiin
exessive1)	sumant	sumint
1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms

• kirjasuma

 

References

• Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 550

Italian

Verb

suma

1. inflection of sumere:
   1. first/second/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Anagrams

• musa

Lithuanian

Etymology

Ultimately from Latin summa. The religious sense is borrowed from Polish suma.

Noun

sumà f (plural sùmos) stress pattern 4

1. (mathematics) sum (quantity obtained by addition)
2. sum (quantity of money)
3. (Catholicism) noon mass on a holy day; High Mass

Declension

declension of suma

	singular (vienaskaita)	plural (daugiskaita)
nominative (vardininkas)	sumà	sùmos
genitive (kilmininkas)	sumõs	sumų̃
dative (naudininkas)	sùmai	sumóms
accusative (galininkas)	sùmą	sumàs
instrumental (įnagininkas)	sumà	sumomìs
locative (vietininkas)	sumojè	sumosè
vocative (šauksmininkas)	sùma	sùmos

Further reading

• “suma”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2023
• “suma”, in Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of contemporary Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, 1954–2023

Norn

Etymology

From Old Norse svimma, svima, from Proto-Germanic *swimmaną.

Verb

suma

1. to swim, float

Old Norse

Pronoun

suma

1. inflection of sumr:
   1. feminine accusative singular
   2. masculine accusative plural

Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsu.ma/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uma
• Syllabification: su‧ma

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin summa.

Noun

suma f

1. (mathematics) sum
2. (set theory) union

Declension

Declension of suma

	singular	plural
nominative	suma	sumy
genitive	sumy	sum
dative	sumie	sumom
accusative	sumę	sumy
instrumental	sumą	sumami
locative	sumie	sumach
vocative	sumo	sumy

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

suma m anim

1. genitive/accusative singular of sum

Further reading

• suma in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• suma in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Portuguese

Adjective

suma

1. feminine singular of sumo

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French sommer.

Verb

a suma (third-person singular present sumează, past participle sumat) 1st conj.

1. to sum up

Conjugation

    conjugation of suma (first conjugation, -ez- infix)

infinitive			a suma
gerund			sumând
past participle			sumat
number		singular			plural
person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	sumez	sumezi	sumează	sumăm	sumați	sumează
	imperfect	sumam	sumai	suma	sumam	sumați	sumau
	simple perfect	sumai	sumași	sumă	sumarăm	sumarăți	sumară
	pluperfect	sumasem	sumaseși	sumase	sumaserăm	sumaserăți	sumaseră
subjunctive		eu	tu	el/ea	noi	voi	ei/ele
	present	să sumez	să sumezi	să sumeze	să sumăm	să sumați	să sumeze
imperative		—	tu	—	—	voi	—
	affirmative		sumează			sumați
	negative		nu suma			nu sumați

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin summa.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sûma/
• Hyphenation: su‧ma

Noun

sȕma f (Cyrillic spelling су̏ма)

1. sum, total

Declension

Declension of suma

	singular	plural
nominative	suma	sume
genitive	sume	suma
dative	sumi	sumama
accusative	sumu	sume
vocative	sumo	sume
locative	sumi	sumama
instrumental	sumom	sumama

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsuma/ [ˈsu.ma]
• Rhymes: -uma
• Syllabification: su‧ma

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Latin summa. Doublet of the inherited soma (“coarse flour”).

Noun

suma f (plural sumas)

1. sum
2. addition

   Antonym: resta

Derived terms

• en suma

 

Related terms

• somero
• sumo

 

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective

suma

1. feminine singular of sumo

Verb

suma

1. inflection of sumar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative
2. inflection of sumir:
   1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
   2. third-person singular imperative

Further reading

• “suma”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014

Sranan Tongo

Noun

suma

1. who (interrogative)

Venda

Verb

suma

1. to report