suma

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Basque

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): /s̺uma/ [s̺u.ma]
  • Rhymes: -uma
  • Hyphenation: su‧ma

Etymology 1

[edit]

Borrowed from Spanish suma (sum).

Noun

[edit]

suma inan

  1. (dated) amount, quantity
    Synonym: kopuru
Declension
[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

[edit]

suma inan

  1. smell (sense)
    Synonym: usaimen
Declension
[edit]

Further reading

[edit]
  • suma”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
  • suma”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Catalan

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

Borrowed from Latin summa.

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

suma f (plural sumes)

  1. sum
Derived terms
[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

suma

  1. inflection of sumar:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative

Cebuano

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

From Spanish suma, from Latin summa.

Verb

[edit]

suma

  1. to reckon
  2. to tabulate

Etymology 2

[edit]

Unknown.

Adjective

[edit]

suma

  1. according to

Finnish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Proto-Finnic *sum(p)a.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): /ˈsumɑ/, [ˈs̠umɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -umɑ
  • Syllabification(key): su‧ma

Noun

[edit]

suma

  1. logjam
    Synonym: jumi
  2. traffic jam
    Synonym: ruuhka
  3. (figuratively, in compounds) accumulation, bunch
    kolarisumapile-up

Declension

[edit]
Inflection of suma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
nominative suma sumat
genitive suman sumien
partitive sumaa sumia
illative sumaan sumiin
singular plural
nominative suma sumat
accusative nom. suma sumat
gen. suman
genitive suman sumien
sumain rare
partitive sumaa sumia
inessive sumassa sumissa
elative sumasta sumista
illative sumaan sumiin
adessive sumalla sumilla
ablative sumalta sumilta
allative sumalle sumille
essive sumana sumina
translative sumaksi sumiksi
abessive sumatta sumitta
instructive sumin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of suma (Kotus type 10/koira, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative sumani sumani
accusative nom. sumani sumani
gen. sumani
genitive sumani sumieni
sumaini rare
partitive sumaani sumiani
inessive sumassani sumissani
elative sumastani sumistani
illative sumaani sumiini
adessive sumallani sumillani
ablative sumaltani sumiltani
allative sumalleni sumilleni
essive sumanani suminani
translative sumakseni sumikseni
abessive sumattani sumittani
instructive
comitative sumineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative sumasi sumasi
accusative nom. sumasi sumasi
gen. sumasi
genitive sumasi sumiesi
sumaisi rare
partitive sumaasi sumiasi
inessive sumassasi sumissasi
elative sumastasi sumistasi
illative sumaasi sumiisi
adessive sumallasi sumillasi
ablative sumaltasi sumiltasi
allative sumallesi sumillesi
essive sumanasi suminasi
translative sumaksesi sumiksesi
abessive sumattasi sumittasi
instructive
comitative suminesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative sumamme sumamme
accusative nom. sumamme sumamme
gen. sumamme
genitive sumamme sumiemme
sumaimme rare
partitive sumaamme sumiamme
inessive sumassamme sumissamme
elative sumastamme sumistamme
illative sumaamme sumiimme
adessive sumallamme sumillamme
ablative sumaltamme sumiltamme
allative sumallemme sumillemme
essive sumanamme suminamme
translative sumaksemme sumiksemme
abessive sumattamme sumittamme
instructive
comitative suminemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative sumanne sumanne
accusative nom. sumanne sumanne
gen. sumanne
genitive sumanne sumienne
sumainne rare
partitive sumaanne sumianne
inessive sumassanne sumissanne
elative sumastanne sumistanne
illative sumaanne sumiinne
adessive sumallanne sumillanne
ablative sumaltanne sumiltanne
allative sumallenne sumillenne
essive sumananne suminanne
translative sumaksenne sumiksenne
abessive sumattanne sumittanne
instructive
comitative suminenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative sumansa sumansa
accusative nom. sumansa sumansa
gen. sumansa
genitive sumansa sumiensa
sumainsa rare
partitive sumaansa sumiaan
sumiansa
inessive sumassaan
sumassansa
sumissaan
sumissansa
elative sumastaan
sumastansa
sumistaan
sumistansa
illative sumaansa sumiinsa
adessive sumallaan
sumallansa
sumillaan
sumillansa
ablative sumaltaan
sumaltansa
sumiltaan
sumiltansa
allative sumalleen
sumallensa
sumilleen
sumillensa
essive sumanaan
sumanansa
suminaan
suminansa
translative sumakseen
sumaksensa
sumikseen
sumiksensa
abessive sumattaan
sumattansa
sumittaan
sumittansa
instructive
comitative sumineen
suminensa

Derived terms

[edit]
compounds

Further reading

[edit]

Anagrams

[edit]

Galician

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): /ˈsuma/ [ˈs̺u.mɐ]
  • Rhymes: -uma
  • Hyphenation: su‧ma

Etymology 1

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

suma f (plural sumas)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 2

[edit]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

[edit]

suma

  1. inflection of sumir:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative

Gothic

[edit]

Romanization

[edit]

suma

  1. Romanization of 𐍃𐌿𐌼𐌰

Guinea-Bissau Creole

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Perhaps from Portuguese assim + como ("thus how").

Adverb

[edit]

suma

  1. because

Ingrian

[edit]
Suma.

Etymology

[edit]

Borrowed from Russian сума (suma).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

suma

  1. bag
    • 1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 22:
      Siso ompeli suman.
      Sis sewed the bag.
    • 1936, V. I. Junus, Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka[4], Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 75:
      Ohotnikka otti jänistä käpälist ja pani summaa.
      The hunter took the hare by the legs and put it in the bag.
    • 1936, D. I. Efimov, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva:
      Valja otti suman, pani bukvarin summaa ja laati paljton päälle.
      Valja took [her] bag, put a primer into the bag and put an overcoat on.

Declension

[edit]
Declension of suma (type 3/koira, no gradation, gemination)
singular plural
nominative suma sumat
genitive suman summiin
partitive summaa summia
illative summaa summii
inessive sumas sumis
elative sumast sumist
allative sumalle sumille
adessive sumal sumil
ablative sumalt sumilt
translative sumaks sumiks
essive sumanna, summaan suminna, summiin
exessive1) sumant sumint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms

[edit]

References

[edit]
  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 550

Italian

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

suma

  1. inflection of sumere:
    1. first/second/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative

Anagrams

[edit]

Lithuanian

[edit]
Lithuanian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia lt

Etymology

[edit]

Ultimately from Latin summa. The religious sense is borrowed from Polish suma.[1]

Noun

[edit]

sumà f (plural sùmos) stress pattern 4

  1. (mathematics) sum (quantity obtained by addition)
  2. sum (quantity of money)
  3. (Catholicism) noon mass on a holy day; High Mass

Declension

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Rolandas Kregždys (2016) “sumà”, in Lietuvių kalbos polonizmų žodynas [Dictionary of Polish loanwords in Lithuanian]‎[1], page 156

Further reading

[edit]
  • suma”, in Lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of the Lithuanian language], lkz.lt, 1941–2024
  • suma”, in Dabartinės lietuvių kalbos žodynas [Dictionary of contemporary Lithuanian], ekalba.lt, 1954–2024

Norn

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

From Old Norse svimma, svima, from Proto-Germanic *swimmaną.

Verb

[edit]

suma

  1. to swim, float

Old English

[edit]

Pronoun

[edit]

suma

  1. feminine nominative/accusative plural of sum

Old Norse

[edit]

Pronoun

[edit]

suma

  1. inflection of sumr:
    1. feminine accusative singular
    2. masculine accusative plural

Old Polish

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Learned borrowing from Latin summa.[1][2][3] First attested in the 15th century.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): (10th–15th CE) /suma/
  • IPA(key): (15th CE) /suma/

Noun

[edit]

suma f

  1. (attested in Masovia) sum (quantity of money)
    • 1895 [1448–1450], Mikołaj Suled, edited by Franciszek Piekosiński, Tłumaczenia polskie statutów ziemskich, Kodeks Świętosławów, Warka, page 27:
      Czy vbodzy slyachczycy... o pewney svmmye pyenyądzi (de certa summa pecuniae) szą gednayą z nymy
      [Ci ubodzy ślachcicy... o pewnej summie pieniędzy (de certa summa pecuniae) się jednają z nimi]
    • 1950 [1437], Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, Adam Wolff, editors, Zapiski i roty polskie XV-XVI wieku z ksiąg sądowych ziemi warszawskiej, number 493, Warsaw:
      Jakom ya nye ranczyl Jsakowi gyenyey kopy geno s they szumy, czo w xøgach m[y]a
      [Jakom ja nie ręczył Izakowi jeniej kopy jeno z tej sumy, co w księgach m[y]a]

Derived terms

[edit]
nouns
verbs

Descendants

[edit]
  • Polish: suma
  • Silesian: suma

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Mirosław Bańko, Lidia Wiśniakowska (2021) “suma”, in Wielki słownik wyrazów obcych, →ISBN
  2. ^ Stanisław Dubisz, editor (2003), “suma”, in Uniwersalny słownik języka polskiego [Universal dictionary of the Polish language]‎[2] (in Polish), volumes 1-4, Warsaw: Wydawnictwo Naukowe PWN SA, →ISBN
  3. ^ Witold Doroszewski, editor (1958–1969), “suma”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN
  • B. Sieradzka-Baziur, Ewa Deptuchowa, Joanna Duska, Mariusz Frodyma, Beata Hejmo, Dorota Janeczko, Katarzyna Jasińska, Krystyna Kajtoch, Joanna Kozioł, Marian Kucała, Dorota Mika, Gabriela Niemiec, Urszula Poprawska, Elżbieta Supranowicz, Ludwika Szelachowska-Winiarzowa, Zofia Wanicowa, Piotr Szpor, Bartłomiej Borek, editors (2011–2015), “suma”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

[edit]
Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Pronunciation

[edit]
 

Etymology 1

[edit]

Inherited from Old Polish suma.

Noun

[edit]

suma f (diminutive sumka, related adjective sumowy)

  1. amount, sum, figure (certain amount of money)
    Synonym: kwota
  2. (mathematics) sum (quantity obtained by addition)
  3. sum (quantity obtained by aggregation)
    Synonyms: całokształt, całość, ogół
  4. (Roman Catholicism) mass, service (main mass help in church on Sundays and holidays)
    Hypernym: msza
  5. (Middle Polish) sum, summary (short summation of text)
    Synonym: podsumowanie
Declension
[edit]
Derived terms
[edit]
nouns
particles
verbs

Etymology 2

[edit]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

[edit]

suma m animal

  1. genitive/accusative singular of sum

Trivia

[edit]

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), suma is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 24 times in scientific texts, 24 times in news, 22 times in essays, 6 times in fiction, and 3 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 79 times, making it the 819th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “suma”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 2, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 570

Further reading

[edit]
  • suma in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • suma in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • suma in PWN's encyclopedia
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “suma”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • SUMA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 23.03.2023
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “suma”, in Słownik języka polskiego
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “suma”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
  • J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1915), “suma”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 6, Warsaw, page 510

Portuguese

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

Adjective

[edit]

suma

  1. feminine singular of sumo

Etymology 2

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

suma

  1. inflection of sumir:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative

Romanian

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Borrowed from French sommer.

Verb

[edit]

a suma (third-person singular present sumează, past participle sumat) 1st conj.

  1. to sum up

Conjugation

[edit]

Serbo-Croatian

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Borrowed from Latin summa.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): /sûma/
  • Hyphenation: su‧ma

Noun

[edit]

sȕma f (Cyrillic spelling су̏ма)

  1. sum, total

Declension

[edit]

Silesian

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Inherited from Old Polish suma.

Pronunciation

[edit]
  • IPA(key): /ˈsu.ma/
  • Rhymes: -uma
  • Syllabification: su‧ma

Noun

[edit]

suma f

  1. sum (amount of money)

Further reading

[edit]

Spanish

[edit]

Pronunciation

[edit]

Etymology 1

[edit]

Borrowed from Latin summa.[1] Doublet of the inherited soma (coarse flour).

Noun

[edit]

suma f (plural sumas)

  1. sum
  2. addition
    Antonym: resta
Derived terms
[edit]
[edit]

Etymology 2

[edit]

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Adjective

[edit]

suma

  1. feminine singular of sumo

Verb

[edit]

suma

  1. inflection of sumar:
    1. third-person singular present indicative
    2. second-person singular imperative
  2. inflection of sumir:
    1. first/third-person singular present subjunctive
    2. third-person singular imperative

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “suma”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

Further reading

[edit]

Sranan Tongo

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Likely from English someone.

Pronoun

[edit]

suma

  1. (interrogative) who

Noun

[edit]

suma

  1. Dated form of sma (person).

Venda

[edit]

Verb

[edit]

suma

  1. to report

Votic

[edit]

Etymology

[edit]

Borrowed from Russian сума (suma).

Pronunciation

[edit]

Noun

[edit]

suma

  1. pouch, bag

Inflection

[edit]
Declension of suma (type III/jalkõ, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative suma sumad
genitive suma sumojõ, sumoi
partitive summa sumoitõ, sumoi
illative summasõ, summa sumoisõ
inessive sumaz sumoiz
elative sumassõ sumoissõ
allative sumalõ sumoilõ
adessive sumallõ sumoillõ
ablative sumaltõ sumoiltõ
translative sumassi sumoissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive.
***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References

[edit]
  • Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “suma”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn