vuruga

Swahili

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Bantu [Term?].

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-vuruga (infinitive kuvuruga)

1. to mix, to stir
2. to disarrange, to disturb, to agitate

Conjugation

Conjugation of -vuruga
Positive present -navuruga Subjunctive -vuruge Negative -vurugi Imperative singular vuruga
Infinitives
Positive kuvuruga Negative kutovuruga
Imperatives
Singular vuruga Plural vurugeni
Tensed forms
Habitual huvuruga Positive past positive subject concord + -livuruga Negative past negative subject concord + -kuvuruga
Positive present (positive subject concord + -navuruga) Singular Plural 1st person ninavuruga/navuruga tunavuruga 2nd person unavuruga mnavuruga 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anavuruga wanavuruga other classes positive subject concord + -navuruga
Negative present (negative subject concord + -vurugi) Singular Plural 1st person sivurugi hatuvurugi 2nd person huvurugi hamvurugi 3rd person m-wa(I/II) havurugi hawavurugi other classes negative subject concord + -vurugi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tavuruga Negative future negative subject concord + -tavuruga
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -vuruge) Singular Plural 1st person nivuruge tuvuruge 2nd person uvuruge mvuruge 3rd person m-wa(I/II) avuruge wavuruge other classes positive subject concord + -vuruge
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sivuruge Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngevuruga Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singevuruga Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalivuruga Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalivuruga
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -avuruga) Singular Plural 1st person navuruga twavuruga 2nd person wavuruga mwavuruga 3rd person m-wa(I/II) avuruga wavuruga m-mi(III/IV) wavuruga yavuruga ji-ma(V/VI) lavuruga yavuruga ki-vi(VII/VIII) chavuruga vyavuruga n(IX/X) yavuruga zavuruga u(XI) wavuruga see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwavuruga pa(XVI) pavuruga mu(XVIII) mwavuruga
Perfect positive subject concord + -mevuruga "Already" positive subject concord + -meshavuruga "Not yet" negative subject concord + -javuruga "If/When" positive subject concord + -kivuruga "If not" positive subject concord + -sipovuruga Consecutive kavuruga / positive subject concord + -kavuruga Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kavuruge
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nivuruga -tuvuruga 2nd person -kuvuruga -wavuruga/-kuvurugeni/-wavurugeni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mvuruga -wavuruga m-mi(III/IV) -uvuruga -ivuruga ji-ma(V/VI) -livuruga -yavuruga ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kivuruga -vivuruga n(IX/X) -ivuruga -zivuruga u(XI) -uvuruga see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kuvuruga pa(XVI) -pavuruga mu(XVIII) -muvuruga Reflexive -jivuruga
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -vuruga- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -vurugaye -vurugao m-mi(III/IV) -vurugao -vurugayo ji-ma(V/VI) -vurugalo -vurugayo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -vurugacho -vurugavyo n(IX/X) -vurugayo -vurugazo u(XI) -vurugao see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -vurugako pa(XVI) -vurugapo mu(XVIII) -vurugamo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -vuruga) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yevuruga -ovuruga m-mi(III/IV) -ovuruga -yovuruga ji-ma(V/VI) -lovuruga -yovuruga ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chovuruga -vyovuruga n(IX/X) -yovuruga -zovuruga u(XI) -ovuruga see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kovuruga pa(XVI) -povuruga mu(XVIII) -movuruga
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Passive: -vurugwa
  • Stative: -vurugika

• Nominal derivations:
  • vurugu (“disorder, riot”)