音

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音 U+97F3, 音
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-97F3
← 韲
[U+97F2] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 韴 →
[U+97F4]
⾳ U+2FB3, ⾳
KANGXI RADICAL SOUND
← ⾲
[U+2FB2] 		Kangxi Radicals ⾴ →
[U+2FB4]

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order

Han character[edit]

See images of
Radical 180 音

音 (Kangxi radical 180, 音+0, 9 strokes, cangjie input 卜廿日 (YTA), four-corner 00601, composition ⿱立日 or ⿱亠𣅑)

  1. Kangxi radical #180, ⾳.
  2. Shuowen Jiezi radical №58

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1396, character 25
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 43265
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1912, character 16
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4495, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+97F3

Chinese[edit]

simp. and trad.
 音

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 音
Western Zhou Spring and Autumn Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Bronze inscriptions Chu slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (音) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
諳 *qɯːm
腤 *qɯːm
嬜 *qɯːm, *qʰaːm, *qʰrɯm
喑 *qɯːm, *qrɯm, *qrɯms
揞 *qɯːmʔ, *qrɯːms
隌 *qɯːmʔ, *qrɯm
罯 *qɯːmʔ, *qɯːb
暗 *qɯːms
闇 *qɯːms
黯 *qrɯːm, *qrɯːmʔ
歆 *qʰrɯm
愔 *qɯm
韾 *qɯm
音 *qrɯm
瘖 *qrɯm
窨 *qrɯms
湆 *kʰrɯb

Ideogram (指事) : 言 (“word”) with something in 口 (“mouth”) – sound comes from the mouth.

Pronunciation[edit]

Note:
  • ing2 in 音訊;
  • ing1 in 聲音.
Note: ing1 - Chenghai.
  • Dialectal data
Variety Location 音
Mandarin Beijing /in⁵⁵/
Harbin /in⁴⁴/
Tianjin /in²¹/
Jinan /iẽ²¹³/
Qingdao /iə̃²¹³/
Zhengzhou /in²⁴/
Xi'an /iẽ²¹/
Xining /iə̃⁴⁴/
Yinchuan /iŋ⁴⁴/
Lanzhou /ĩn³¹/
Ürümqi /iŋ⁴⁴/
Wuhan /in⁵⁵/
Chengdu /in⁵⁵/
Guiyang /in⁵⁵/
Kunming /ĩ⁴⁴/
Nanjing /in³¹/
Hefei /in²¹/
Jin Taiyuan /iəŋ¹¹/
Pingyao /iŋ¹³/
Hohhot /ĩŋ³¹/
Wu Shanghai /iŋ⁵³/
Suzhou /in⁵⁵/
Hangzhou /ʔin³³/
Wenzhou /j̠aŋ³³/
Hui Shexian /iʌ̃³¹/
Tunxi /in¹¹/
Xiang Changsha /in³³/
Xiangtan /in³³/
Gan Nanchang /in⁴²/
Hakka Meixian /im⁴⁴/
Taoyuan /im²⁴/
Cantonese Guangzhou /jɐm⁵³/
Nanning /jɐm⁵⁵/
Hong Kong /jɐm⁵⁵/
Min Xiamen (Hokkien) /im⁵⁵/
Fuzhou (Eastern Min) /iŋ⁴⁴/
Jian'ou (Northern Min) /eiŋ⁵⁴/
Shantou (Teochew) /im³³/
Haikou (Hainanese) /im²³/
Rime
Character 音
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 影 (34)
Final (韻) 侵 (140)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 於金切
Baxter 'im
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/ʔˠiɪm/
Pan
Wuyun 		/ʔᵚim/
Shao
Rongfen 		/ʔiem/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/ʔjim/
Li
Rong 		/ʔjəm/
Wang
Li 		/ĭĕm/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/ʔi̯əm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		yīn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		jam1
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 音
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		yīn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ ʔim ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[q](r)əm/
English sound, tone

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 音
Reading # 1/1
No. 15223
Phonetic
component 		音
Rime
group 		侵
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		音
Old
Chinese 		/*qrɯm/

Definitions[edit]

音

  1. sound; voice; tone
    音障  ―  yīnzhàng  ―  sound barrier
  2. news; tidings
  3. (music) pitch; note (Classifier: 粒 c)
  4. (phonetics) pronunciation; syllable
    京音  ―  jīngyīn  ―  Beijing pronunciation
    潮音  ―  cháoyīn  ―  Teochew pronunciation
    中古音  ―  zhōnggǔyīn  ―  Middle Chinese pronunciation
    方音  ―  fāngyīn  ―  dialectal pronunciation
    陽江音／阳江音  ―  Yángjiāng yīn  ―  Yangjiang pronunciation

Synonyms[edit]

  • (sound):
Dialectal synonyms of 聲音 (“voice; sound”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 聲
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 聲音, 聲響, 響聲, 響, 聲, 音, 音聲, 音響 acoustics
Mandarin Beijing 聲兒, 聲音
Taiwan 聲音
Jinan 聲音, 聲兒
Xi'an 聲音, 聲
Xining 聲氣
Wuhan 聲氣, 聲音
Chengdu 聲氣, 聲音
Yangzhou 聲音, 聲
Hefei 聲音
Malaysia 聲音
Singapore 聲音
Cantonese Guangzhou 聲音, 聲
Hong Kong 聲, 聲音
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 聲
Hong Kong (Ting Kok) 聲
Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau) 聲
Taishan 聲
Yangjiang 聲
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu) 聲
Singapore (Guangfu) 聲
Gan Nanchang 聲氣
Lichuan 聲
Pingxiang 聲
Hakka Meixian 聲音, 聲
Huiyang 聲
Dongguan (Qingxi) 聲
Heyuan (Bendihua) 聲
Wengyuan 聲音
Liannan 聲
Jiexi 聲
Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan) 聲
Changting 聲氣
Wuping (Yanqian) 聲音
Ninghua 聲音
Ningdu 聲音
Shangyou (Shexi) 聲音
Tonggu (Sandu) 聲音
Ganzhou (Panlong) 聲音
Dayu 聲響
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 聲音, 聲
Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) 聲音, 聲
Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) 聲音, 聲
Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) 聲音, 聲
Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) 聲音, 聲
Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) 聲音
Hong Kong 聲音, 聲
Yangxi (Tangkou) 聲
Yangchun (Sanjia) 聲音
Xinyi (Sihe) 聲
Xinyi (Qianpai) 聲
Gaozhou (Xindong) 聲
Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai) 聲
Huazhou (Xin'an) 聲
Lianjiang (Shijiao) 聲, 聲音
Lianjiang (Qingping) 聲
Mengshan (Xihe) 聲音
Luchuan 聲音
Senai (Huiyang) 聲
Huizhou Jixi 聲音
Jin Taiyuan 聲音, 音聲
Northern Min Jian'ou 聲音
Eastern Min Fuzhou 聲音, 聲
Southern Min Xiamen 聲, 聲說 voice
Quanzhou 聲, 聲說 voice
Zhangzhou 聲, 聲說 voice
Taipei 聲 GT, 聲說 GT, voice
Kaohsiung 聲
Yilan 聲
Changhua (Lukang) 聲
Taichung 聲
Taichung (Wuqi) 聲
Tainan 聲
Taitung 聲音
Hsinchu 聲
Penghu (Magong) 聲
Penang (Hokkien) 聲
Singapore (Hokkien) 聲
Manila (Hokkien) 聲
Chaozhou 聲
Shantou 聲
Jieyang 聲
Haifeng 聲說
Bangkok (Teochew) 聲
Johor Bahru (Teochew) 聲
Singapore (Teochew) 聲
Leizhou 聲
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 聲
Wu Shanghai 聲音
Shanghai (Chongming) 聲音
Suzhou 聲音, 響聲
Ningbo 聲音, 聲響
Wenzhou 聲音, 聲響
Xiang Changsha 聲音
Loudi 聲
Shuangfeng 聲音, 聲響
Note GT - General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Japanese[edit]

Shinjitai 音
Kyūjitai
[1][2]
音󠄁
音+&#xE0101;?
(Adobe-Japan1)
音󠄃
音+&#xE0103;?
(Hanyo-Denshi)
(Moji_Joho)
The displayed kanji may be different from the image due to your environment.
See here for details.

Kanji[edit]

音

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. sound
  2. timbre
  3. Short for 音楽 (ongaku): music
  4. speech (phonetics)
  5. Short for 字音 (jion): Chinese-derived reading of a kanji
  6. news, tidings

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Etymology 1[edit]

Kanji in this term
音
おん
Grade: 1
on’yomi

*/ʔiəm/ → /əmʉ/ → /omʉ/ → /oɴ/

From Middle Chinese 音 (MC 'im).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

音(おん) • (on) 

  1. sound
  2. (linguistics) speech sound
  3. Short for 音読み (on'yomi): the Chinese-derived reading of a kanji
  4. (by extension) reading of a Chinese character outside the Japanese language; rime
  5. Short for 音楽 (ongaku): music
Derived terms[edit]
Derived terms

Etymology 2[edit]

Kanji in this term
音
おと
Grade: 1
kun’yomi
Kanji in this term
音
おっと
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

⟨oto2⟩ → */otə/ → /oto/

From Old Japanese, from Proto-Japonic *ətə.

Appears in the late 1400s with the geminate pronunciation /otto/.[5] This reading is very rare, and appears to have fallen out of use.

Pronunciation[edit]

(rare, obsolete)

Noun[edit]

音(おと) or 音(おっと) • (oto or otto) 

  1. a sound
    音(おと)を漏(も)らす
    oto o morasu
    to let out a sound
    音(おと)を立(た)てずに
    oto o tatezu ni
    without raising a sound → noiselessly; silently
  2. when used with a "hear" verb, a rumor or fame (Can we verify(+) this sense?)
  3. news, tidings
  4. a reply, response
Usage notes[edit]

Oto is used for loud sounds and voices, as opposed to ne (see below).

Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Kanji in this term
音
と
Grade: 1
kun’yomi

⟨to2⟩ → */tə/ → /to/

The shift from oto above, with the initial o being dropped.

The drop is likely due to haplology with the possessive particle の (no).

Noun[edit]

音(と) • (to) 

  1. sound; echo; voice
    • c. 759, Man’yōshū, book 14, poem 3453:
      , text here
      可是能(かぜの)等(と)能(の)登抱吉和伎母賀(とほきわぎもが)吉西斯伎奴(きせしきぬ)多母登乃久太利(たもとのくだり)麻欲比伎尓家利(まよひきにけり) [Man'yōgana]
      風(かぜ)の音(と)の遠(とほ)き我妹(わぎも)が着(き)せし衣(きぬ)手(た)本(もと)のくだりまよひ来(き)にけり [Modern spelling]
      kaze no to no tōki wagimo ga kiseshi-kinu tamoto no kudari, mayoi-ki ni keri
      My dear wife, far away (as the sound of the wind), some threads of the sleeves of the kimono you made me wear have come to be worn and chafed![7]
Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 4[edit]

Kanji in this term
音
ね
Grade: 1
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
哭

⟨ne2⟩ → */nəɨ/ → /ne/

From Old Japanese.

From 音 (na, “sound”, bound form) + い (i, emphatic nominative particle).

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

音(ね) • (ne) 

  1. a sound, voice
  2. the cry of an animal
Usage notes[edit]

Ne is used for relatively soft sounds and voices that appeals to human emotions, as opposed to oto (see above).

Derived terms[edit]

Etymology 5[edit]

Kanji in this term
音
いん
Grade: 1
kan’on

From Middle Chinese 音 (MC 'im).

The kan'on pronunciation, so likely a later borrowing.

Pronunciation[edit]

Affix[edit]

音(いん) • (in) 

  1. (uncommon) Alternative form of 音 (on)
    1. sound
      子(し)音(いん)、母(ぼ)音(いん) ― shiin, boin ― (also shion, boon) consonant; vowel
    2. news; tidings; word
      音(いん)信(しん) ― inshin ― (also onshin) message, news

References[edit]

  1. ^ Haga, Gōtarō (1914) 漢和大辞書 [The Great Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Fourth edition, Tōkyō: Kōbunsha, →DOI, page 2305 (paper), page 1204 (digital)
  2. ^ Shōundō Henshūjo, editor (1927), 新漢和辞典 [The New Kanji-Japanese Dictionary] (in Japanese), Ōsaka: Shōundō, →DOI, page 1353 (paper), page 689 (digital)
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  5. ^ Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  6. ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Second edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō
  7. ^ Jan Lodewijk Pierson, Jr. (1964) The Makura-Kotoba of the Manyôśû, Leiden: Brill Archive, page 54

Korean[edit]

Etymology[edit]

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Middle Korean readings, if any”)

Pronunciation[edit]

Hanja[edit]

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

音 (eumhun 소리 음 (sori eum))

  1. Hanja form? of 음 (“sound; news”).
  2. Hanja form? of 음 (“speech”).
  3. Hanja form? of 음 (“pronunciation”).
    • 訓之對 文字讀聲 (훈지대 문자독성, hunjidae munjadokseong) the complement of the hun (hence) the sound reading a (Chinese) character.

Synonyms[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Derived terms

Kunigami[edit]

Kanji[edit]

音

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Ryukyuan *oto, from Proto-Japonic *ətə.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

音(ふと゚ぅー) (futū) 

  1. sound

Okinawan[edit]

Kanji[edit]

音

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Ryukyuan *oto, from Proto-Japonic *ətə.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

音(うとぅ) (utu) 

  1. sound

Old Korean[edit]

Phonogram[edit]

音 (*-m)

  1. A consonantal phonogram denoting coda consonant *-m

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

音: Hán Nôm readings: âm, ậm, ơm

  1. sound; noise

Compounds[edit]

Usage notes[edit]

  • Chữ Nôm. The modern Vietnamese equivalent is âm.

References[edit]

Yaeyama[edit]

Kanji[edit]

音

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Ryukyuan *oto, from Proto-Japonic *ətə.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

音(うとぅ) (utu) 

  1. sound

Yonaguni[edit]

Kanji[edit]

音

(grade 1 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-Ryukyuan *oto, from Proto-Japonic *ətə.

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

音(うとぅ) (utu) 

  1. sound
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