sleep

English

Wikipedia

Etymology 1

From Middle English sleep, sleepe, from Old English slǣp (“sleep”), from Proto-Germanic *slēpaz (“sleep”), from Proto-Indo-European *lāb- (“to hang loose, be limp”). Cognate with West Frisian sliep (“sleep”), Eastern Frisian slepe (“sleep”), Dutch slaap (“sleep”), German Schlaf (“sleep”).

Pronunciation

• enPR: slēp, IPA: /sliːp/, SAMPA: /sli:p/

• Audio - 'to sleep' (UK)

  (file)

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iːp

Noun

sleep (countable and uncountable; plural sleeps)

1. (uncountable) The state of reduced consciousness during which a human or animal rests in a daily rhythm.

   I really need some sleep.

   We need to conduct an overnight sleep test to diagnose your sleep problem.

2. (countable, informal) An act or instance of sleeping.

   I’m just going to have a quick sleep.

3. (uncountable) A substance found in the corner of the eyes after waking, whether real or a figurative objectification of sleep (in the sense of reduced consciousness).

   Wipe the sleep from your eyes.

Synonyms

• See also Wikisaurus:sleep

Derived terms

Terms derived from the noun "sleep"

asleep beauty sleep big sleep biphasic sleep dead sleep deep sleep divided sleep dog sleep electrosleep go to sleep morning sleep orthodox sleep polyphasic sleep put to sleep REM sleep segmented sleep

sleep apnea sleep-charged sleep debt sleep deprivation sleep disorder sleepful sleep-learning sleepless sleep mask sleep mode sleepover sleep paralysis sleep schedule sleep spindle sleeptalk sleepy

Translations

state of reduced consciousness

Afrikaans: slaap (af) Albanian: gjumë Arabic: نَوْم (ar) (nawm) m., سنة (ar) (sina) f. Egyptian Arabic: نوم (noom) m., نومة (noma) f. Aramaic: Syriac: ܫܢܬܐ (šintā) f. Hebrew: שנתא (šintā’) f. Armenian: քուն (k'un) Aromanian: somnu Azeri: yuxu Basque: lo Belarusian: сон (son) m. Breton: hun m., kousk m. Catalan: son m. Chinese: Mandarin: 睡覺 (cmn), 睡觉 (cmn) (shuìjiào), 睡眠 (cmn) (shuìmián) Cantonese: 瞓 (fǎn) Min Nan: 睏 (khùn) Crimean Tatar: yuqu Croatian: san (hr) m. Czech: spánek (cs) m. Dalmatian: samno Danish: søvn (da) c. Dutch: slaap (nl) m. Esperanto: dormo (eo) Estonian: uni (et) Finnish: uni (fi) French: sommeil (fr) m. Georgian: ძილი (ka) (dzili) German: Schlaf (de) m. Greek: Ancient: ὕπνος (hypnos) m. Modern: ύπνος (el) (ýpnos) m. Hebrew: שינה (he) (sheiná) f. Hindi: नींद (hi) (Nīnd) Hungarian: alvás (hu) Icelandic: svefn (is) m. Ido: dormo Indonesian: tidur (id) Interlingua: somno Irish: suan (ga) m., codladh (ga) m.

Italian: sonno (it) m. Japanese: 眠り (ja) (nemuri), 睡眠 (ja) (suimin) Khmer: ដំណើរដេកលក់ (km) (dɑmnaə deɛk lʊək) Korean: 잠 (jam) Kurdish: xew f., خه‌و, نوستن Lao: ໄສຍາດ (lo) (sai-ñaat) Latgalian: mīgs Latin: somnus (la) m. Latvian: miegs (lv) m. Lithuanian: miegas (lt) m. Malay: tidur (ms) Maltese: irqad (mt) Maori: please add this translation if you can Mongolian: нойр (mn) (noyr) Nahuatl: cochina Norwegian: søvn (no) m. Old English: slǣp (ang) Persian: خواب (x[v]âb) Polish: sen (pl) m. Portuguese: sono (pt) m. Romanian: somn (ro) n. Russian: сон (son) m. Scottish Gaelic: cadal (gd) m. Sicilian: sonnu m. Slovak: spánok m. Slovene: spanec m. Sotho: robala (st) Spanish: sueño (es) m., dormir (es) Sumerian: ù Swahili: usingizi (sw) Swedish: sömn (sv) c. Tagalog: tulog Telugu: నిద్ర (nidra) Thai: นิทรา (th) (nítraa) Turkish: uyku (tr) Ukrainian: сон (son) m. Vietnamese: ngủ (vi) Welsh: cwsg (cy) m. Yiddish: שלאָף (shlof) m.

informal: act or instance of sleeping

Finnish: unet (fi) pl. German: Schlaf (de) m., Schläfchen (de) n., Nachtruhe (de) f. Greek: ύπνος (el) (ýpnos) m. Italian: sonno (it) m. Japanese: 仮眠 (ja) (kamin)

Portuguese: sono (pt) m. Russian: сон (ru) (son) m. Swedish: sovande (sv) n. (the act), sömn (sv) c. (the instance), tupplur (sv) c. (brief instance) Telugu: కునుకు (kunuku)

substance found in the corner of the eyes / figurative objectification of sleep

Chinese: Mandarin: 眼屎 (cmn) (yǎnshǐ) Dutch: slaap (nl) m. Esperanto: please add this translation if you can Finnish: rähmä (fi), unihiekka (fi) French: chassie (fr) f. Georgian: წირპლი (ka) (ts'irp'li) German: Schlaf (de) m. Greek: τσίμπλα (el) (tsímpla) f. Hawaiian: maka piapia Icelandic: stírur (is) Italian: cispa (it) f.

Japanese: 目やに (ja) (meyani) Latvian: miegs (lv) m. Portuguese: remela (pt) f. Russian: (no exact term exists) выделения слизистых оболочек глаза (ru) (vydelénija slízistyx obolóček gláza) n. pl. Sicilian: ariddu m. Spanish: legaña f., lagaña f., chele m. (El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras) Swedish: morgongrus (sv) n., godmorgon (sv) n., gomorron (sv) n., sömn (sv) c. Tagalog: muta Telugu: నిద్ర మత్తు (te) (nidra mattu) Thai: ขี้ตา (khîi taa) Venetian: sgarbeła f.

See also

Category:Sleep

catnap rest shuteye sleeping

slumber snooze zzz

Etymology 2

From Middle English slepen, from Old English slǣpan (“to sleep”), from Proto-Germanic *slēpanan (“to sleep”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)lÁb- (“to hang loose, be limp”). Cognate with West Frisian sliepe (“to sleep”), North Frisian sliepen (“to sleep”), Dutch slapen (“to sleep”), German schlafen (“to sleep”).

Pronunciation

• enPR: slēp, IPA: /sliːp/, SAMPA: /sli:p/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iːp

Verb

sleep (third-person singular simple present sleeps, present participle sleeping, simple past and past participle slept)

1. (intransitive) To rest in a state of reduced consciousness.

   You should sleep 8 hours a day.

2. (intransitive) (Of a spinning top) to spin on its axis with no other perceptible motion.
   • 1854: Anne E. Baker, Glossary of Northamptonshire Words and Phrases

     A top sleeps when it moves with such velocity, and spins so smoothly, that its motion is imperceptible.

   When a top is sleeping, it is spinning but not precessing.

3. (transitive) To accommodate in beds.

   This caravan can sleep up to four people.

Derived terms

Terms derived from the verb "sleep"

how can you sleep at night outsleep oversleep sleep around sleep-at-noon sleep in sleep it off sleep it out sleep like a baby sleep like a log sleep off sleep on

sleep out sleep over sleep together sleep with sleep with the fishes Sleeping Beauty sleeping bag sleeping pill sleepwalk you made your made, now sleep in it

Troponyms

• (rest in a state of reduced consciousness): nap, doze, snooze

Translations

to rest in state of reduced consciousness

Albanian: flej Aleut: sagakux Arabic: نام (ar) (nāma), imperfect: ينام (ar) (yanāmu) Moroccan Arabic: نعس (neʿs) Aramaic: Syriac: ܕܡܟ (dmex) Armenian: քնել (hy) (k'nel), ննջել (hy) (nnǰel), նիրհել (hy) (nirhel) Aromanian: dormu Azeri: yatmaq Basque: lo egin Belarusian: спаць (be) (spac’) Bosnian: spavati (bs) Breton: kousket Bulgarian: спя (bg) (spja) Burmese: အိပ် (my) (eik) Catalan: dormir (ca) Chinese: Mandarin: 睡覺 (cmn), 睡觉 (cmn) (shuìjiào), 眠 (cmn) (mián) Min Nan: 睏 (khùn), 睏眠 (khùn-bîn) Crimean Tatar: yuqlamaq Croatian: spavati (hr) Czech: spát (cs) Danish: sove (da) Dutch: slapen (nl) Esperanto: dormi (eo) Finnish: nukkua (fi), uinua (fi), tutia (fi), paapia (fi), nukahtaa (fi), goijata (fi) French: dormir (fr) Friulian: dormî Galician: durmir (gl) Gamilaraay: baabili Georgian: ძილი (ka) (dzili) German: schlafen (de) Greek: κοιμάμαι (el) (koimámai) Hawaiian: moe Hebrew: ישן (he) (yashán) Hindi: सोना (hi) (sonā) Hungarian: alszik (hu) Icelandic: sofa (is) Ido: dormar Indonesian: tidur (id) Interlingua: dormir Irish: codail (ga) Italian: dormire (it) Japanese: 寝る (ja) (ねる, neru), 眠る (ja) (ねむる, nemuru), お休みになる (ja) (おやすみになる, o-yasumi ni naru) (honorific) Khmer: ដេក (km) (deɛk)

Korean: 자다 (ko) (jada) Kurdish: Kurmancî: nivistin, raketin, razan, veketin, xewtin, di xew çûn, di xew bûn Soranî: nûstin Lao: ນອນ (lo) (nöön) Latin: dormio (la), cubo (la) Latvian: gulēt (lv) Lithuanian: miegoti (lt) Lower Sorbian: spaś Luxembourgish: schlofen (lb) Macedonian: спие (mk) (spie) Malay: tidur (ms) Maltese: raqad (mt) Maori: moe (mi) Mongolian: унтах (mn) (untakh) Navajo: ałhosh Norwegian: sove (no) Old English: sƿefan (ang) Old French: dormir Persian: خوابیدن (fa) (xâbidan), غنودن (fa) (ğonudan) (dated) Polish: spać (pl) Portuguese: dormir (pt) Romanian: dormi (ro) Romansch: durmir (rm) Russian: спать (ru) (spat’) impf., поспать (ru) (paspat’) pf. Scottish Gaelic: caidil (gd) Serbian: Cyrillic: спавати (sr), спати (sr) Roman: spavati, spati Shor: қон Sicilian: dòrmiri (scn) Slovak: spať (sk) Slovene: spati (sl) Spanish: dormir (es) Swahili: kulala (sw) Swedish: sova (sv) Tajik: хобидан (tg) (xobidan) Telugu: నిద్రించు (te) (nidriMcu), కునుకుట (te) Thai: นอน (th) (non), หลับ (th) (làp) Tongan: mohe Turkish: uyumak (tr) Ukrainian: спати (uk) (spáty) Urdu: سونا (ur) (sonā) Vietnamese: ngủ (vi) Walloon: doirmi (wa) Welsh: cysgu (cy) Yiddish: שלאָפֿן (yi) (shlofn)

to accommodate

Dutch: te slapen leggen (nl), onderbrengen (nl) Finnish: olla (number) nukkumapaikkaa (fi), voida majoittua (fi), mahtua nukkumaan (fi) German: unterbringen (de) Greek: κοιμίζω (el) (koimízo)

Japanese: 宿泊する (ja) (shukuhaku suru) Latvian: guldīt (lv)

References

• Oxford English Dictionary, Second Edition, 1989

Statistics

• Most common English words before 1923: ago · easily · condition · #686: sleep · ex · mere · agreement

Anagrams

• peels

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Dutch

Noun

sleep m. (plural slepen, diminutive sleepje)

1. (the act of) dragging, towing
2. train: the part of wedding gown that drags behind the bride

Verb

sleep

1. singular past indicative of slijpen.
2. first-person singular present indicative of slepen.
3. imperative of slepen.

Anagrams

• slepe, speel, spele

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Middle English

Alternative forms

• sleepe

Etymology

From Old English slǣp.

Noun

sleep (plural sleeps)

1. sleep

Descendants

• English: sleep