くらい
See also: ぐらい
Japanese
Etymology 1
Alternative spelling |
---|
暗い |
From Old Japanese.[1] Found in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.
Pronunciation
- Tokyo pitch accent of inflected forms of 「暗い」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Continuative (連用形) | 暗く | くらく | [kùrákú] |
Terminal (終止形) | 暗い | くらい くらい |
[kùráí] [kùráꜜì] |
Attributive (連体形) | 暗い | くらい | [kùráí] |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | 暗くない | くらくない | [kùrákúnáꜜì] |
Informal past | 暗かった | くらかった | [kùráꜜkàttà] |
Informal negative past | 暗くなかった | くらくなかった | [kùrákúnáꜜkàttà] |
Formal | 暗いです | くらいです | [kùráꜜìdèsù] |
Conjunctive | 暗くて | くらくて | [kùráꜜkùtè] |
Conditional | 暗ければ | くらければ | [kùráꜜkèrèbà] |
Adjective
くらい • (kurai) -i (adverbial くらく (kuraku))
Inflection
Inflection of くらい
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Imperfective (未然形) | くらかろ | kurakaro | |
Continuative (連用形) | くらく | kuraku | |
Terminal (終止形) | くらい | kurai | |
Attributive (連体形) | くらい | kurai | |
Hypothetical (仮定形) | くらけれ | kurakere | |
Imperative (命令形) | くらかれ | kurakare | |
Key constructions | |||
Informal negative | くらくない | kuraku nai | |
Informal past | くらかった | kurakatta | |
Informal negative past | くらくなかった | kuraku nakatta | |
Formal | くらいです | kurai desu | |
Formal negative | くらくないです | kuraku nai desu | |
Formal past | くらかったです | kurakatta desu | |
Formal negative past | くらくなかったです | kuraku nakatta desu | |
Conjunctive | くらくて | kurakute | |
Conditional | くらければ | kurakereba | |
Provisional | くらかったら | kurakattara | |
Volitional | くらかろう | kurakarō | |
Adverbial | くらく | kuraku | |
Degree | くらさ | kurasa |
Antonyms
- 明るい (akarui)
Etymology 2
Alternative spelling |
---|
位 |
/kurawi/ → /kurai/
Originally a compound of 座 (kura, “seat, where something is placed”) + 居 (wi, “being, existing in a place”), literally referring to "where one is", and by extension, "status, rank, position; degree".[1][2] Appears from at least as early as The Tale of Genji (prior to 1021 CE).
Pronunciation
Alternative forms
- ぐらい (gurai) (only for the adverb)
Adverb
See also
- ほど (hodo)
Noun
Derived terms
Suffix
Etymology 3
Alternative spelling |
---|
食らい |
Pronunciation
Noun
- (usually in compounds) eating
References
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
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