くらい

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
Archived revision by Dine2016 (talk | contribs) as of 10:07, 28 October 2019.
Jump to navigation Jump to search
See also: ぐらい

Japanese

Etymology 1

Alternative spelling
暗い

From Old Japanese.[1] Found in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.

Pronunciation

  • Tokyo pitch accent of inflected forms of 「暗い
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary
Stem forms
Continuative (連用形) 暗く らく [kùrákú]
Terminal (終止形) 暗い らい
[kùráí]
[kùráꜜì]
Attributive (連体形) 暗い らい [kùráí]
Key constructions
Informal negative 暗くない らくな [kùrákúnáꜜì]
Informal past 暗かった かった [kùráꜜkàttà]
Informal negative past 暗くなかった らくなかった [kùrákúnáꜜkàttà]
Formal 暗いです いです [kùráꜜìdèsù]
Conjunctive 暗くて くて [kùráꜜkùtè]
Conditional 暗ければ ければ [kùráꜜkèrèbà]

Adjective

くらい (kurai-i (adverbial くらく (kuraku))

  1. dark; dim
  2. sombre; gloomy
Inflection
Antonyms

Etymology 2

Alternative spelling

/kurawi//kurai/

Originally a compound of (kura, seat, where something is placed) +‎ (wi, being, existing in a place), literally referring to "where one is", and by extension, "status, rank, position; degree".[1][2] Appears from at least as early as The Tale of Genji (prior to 1021 CE).

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Adverb

くらい (kuraiくらゐ (kurawi)?

  1. about, approximately
    新宿(しんじゅく)はどれくらい(とお)いですか。
    Shinjuku wa dore kurai tōi desu ka.
    How far is Shinjuku?
    十分(じゅっぷん)ぐらい()かる
    Juppun gurai kakaru.
    It takes about ten minutes.
See also

Noun

くらい (kuraiくらゐ (kurawi)?

  1. : grade, rank, standing
    (くらい)()がる(くらい)(くだ)
    Kurai ga agaru, kurai ga kudasu.
    To rise in rank, to lower in rank.
    (くらい)(たか)(ひと)
    Kurai no takai hito.
    A high-ranked person.
  2. : the throne, the crown
    (くらい)(ゆず)
    Kurai o yuzuru.
    Abdicate the throne.
    (くらい)つく
    Kurai ni tsuku.
    Assume the throne.
  3. : (mathematics) place, position
Derived terms

Suffix

くらい (-kurai

  1. : seat, position, rank, grade

Etymology 3

Alternative spelling
食らい

Pronunciation

Noun

くらい (kuraiくらひ (kurafi)?

  1. (usually in compounds) eating

References

  1. 1.0 1.1 Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
  2. 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN