主義
See also: 主义
Chinese
to own; to host; master to own; to host; master; lord; primary |
justice; righteousness; meaning | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (主義) | 主 | 義 | |
simp. (主义) | 主 | 义 |
Etymology
Attestable in ancient Chinese texts. In the sense of "doctrine; ideology; -ism", wasei kango (和製漢語), orthographically borrowed from Japanese 主義 (shugi).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): zyu2 ji6
- Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chú-ngi
- Eastern Min (BUC): ciō-ngiê
- Southern Min
- Wu (Wugniu)
- (Northern): 5tsy-gni
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˇ ㄧˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhǔyì
- Wade–Giles: chu3-i4
- Yale: jǔ-yì
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juuyih
- Palladius: чжуи (čžui)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴⁻²¹ i⁵¹/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 主意
主義/主义
屬意/属意
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: zyu2 ji6
- Yale: jyú yih
- Cantonese Pinyin: dzy2 ji6
- Guangdong Romanization: ju2 yi6
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡syː³⁵ jiː²²/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chú-ngi
- Hakka Romanization System: zu` ngi
- Hagfa Pinyim: zu3 ngi4
- Sinological IPA: /t͡su³¹ ŋi⁵⁵/
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: ciō-ngiê
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡suo³³⁻⁵⁵ ŋiɛ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: tsyuX ngjeH
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*toʔ ŋ(r)aj-s/
- (Zhengzhang): /*tjoʔ ŋrals/
Noun
(deprecated template usage) 主義
Synonyms
- (doctrine):
Derived terms
Lua error in Module:zh/templates at line 32: This template has been deprecated. Please use Template:col3 instead.
Verb
主義
- (literary) to uphold righteousness
- 主義行德曰元。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
- From: Lost Book of Zhou, circa 4th – 1st centuries BCE
- Zhǔyì xíngdé yuē yuán. [Pinyin]
- (please add an English translation of this usage example)
主义行德曰元。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
Descendants
See also
Japanese
Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
主 | 義 |
しゅ Grade: 3 |
ぎ Grade: 5 |
on’yomi |
Etymology
Pronunciation
Lua error in Module:ja-pron at line 77: Parameter "y" is not used by this template.
Noun
- a principle or set of principles; a doctrine; an ism
- あの人は主義に基づいて契約を拒絶するはずです。
- Ano hito wa shugi ni motozuite keiyaku o kyozetsu suru hazu desu.
- I expect they will reject the contract on principle.
- あの人は主義に基づいて契約を拒絶するはずです。
Suffix
主義 or 主義 • (shugi or suffix) [[Category:Japanese Lua error in Module:debug at line 160: Invalid part of speech.
|しゅき']]
Derived terms
- 愛国主義 (aikoku shugi, “patriotism”)
- 共産主義 (kyōsan shugi, “communism”)
- 社会主義 (shakai shugi, “socialism”)
- 帝国主義 (teikoku shugi, “imperialism”)
- 伝統主義 (dentō shugi)
- 超現実主義 (chōgenjitsu shugi, “surrealism”)
- 民族主義 (minzoku shugi, “nationalism”)
Descendants
References
- ^ 王彬彬, 有事生非, 2015 :
禾认为是日本人从古汉语中借了“主义”一词,去译英语的后缀“ism”,然后“主义”便作为“ism”的译语返回中国。实际上,古汉语中根本没有“主义”这个词。是日本人把“主”和“义”这两个汉字组成一个词,去译“ism”。所以,“主义”不是什么“回归的书写形式外来词”。
- Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典(新装版) [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
- 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.
Korean
Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
主 | 義 |
Noun
Vietnamese
chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
主 | 義 |
Noun
主義
Categories:
- Chinese terms borrowed from Japanese
- Chinese orthographic borrowings from Japanese
- Chinese terms derived from Japanese
- Wasei kango
- Chinese terms borrowed back into Chinese
- Mandarin terms with audio links
- Mandarin terms with homophones
- Middle Chinese lemmas
- Old Chinese lemmas
- Chinese lemmas
- Mandarin lemmas
- Cantonese lemmas
- Hakka lemmas
- Eastern Min lemmas
- Hokkien lemmas
- Teochew lemmas
- Wu lemmas
- Chinese nouns
- Mandarin nouns
- Cantonese nouns
- Hakka nouns
- Eastern Min nouns
- Hokkien nouns
- Teochew nouns
- Wu nouns
- Chinese verbs
- Mandarin verbs
- Cantonese verbs
- Hakka verbs
- Eastern Min verbs
- Hokkien verbs
- Teochew verbs
- Wu verbs
- Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Chinese literary terms
- Literary Chinese terms with quotations
- Advanced Mandarin
- Japanese terms spelled with 主 read as しゅ
- Japanese terms spelled with 義 read as ぎ
- Japanese terms read with on'yomi
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese nouns
- Japanese terms with multiple readings
- Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji
- Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji
- Japanese terms written with two Han script characters
- Japanese terms with usage examples
- Korean lemmas
- Korean nouns
- Korean nouns in Han script
- Vietnamese lemmas
- Vietnamese nouns
- Vietnamese nouns in Han script