檜

See also: 栝 and 桧

Translingual

Han character

檜 (Kangxi radical 75, 木+13, 17 strokes, cangjie input 木人一日 (DOMA), four-corner 4896₆, composition ⿰木會)

1. Chinese cypress ()
2. Chinese juniper ()

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 557, character 11
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15676
• Dae Jaweon: page 946, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1303, character 4
• Unihan data for U+6A9C

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Chinese

trad.		檜
simp.		桧

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (會) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
譮	*qʰruːbs
會	*koːbs, *ɡoːbs
儈	*koːbs
膾	*koːbs
鱠	*koːbs
襘	*koːbs
禬	*koːbs, *ɡoːbs
檜	*koːbs, *koːd
旝	*koːbs
澮	*koːbs
鄶	*koːbs
廥	*koːbs
鬠	*koːbs, *ɡoːd
劊	*koːbs, *koːd
獪	*koːbs, *kroːbs
繪	*ɡoːbs
懀	*qoːbs, *qroːbs, *qroːbs
薈	*qoːbs
嬒	*qoːbs, *qoːd
瞺	*qoːbs
噲	*kʰroːbs
璯	*kʰroːbs

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): guì, kuài, huì (gui⁴, kuai⁴, hui⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄟˋ, ㄎㄨㄞˋ, ㄏㄨㄟˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): kui²
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kòe

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: guì
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: guèi
    • Wade–Giles: kuei⁴
    • Yale: gwèi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guey
    • Palladius: гуй (guj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kuài
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kuài
    • Wade–Giles: kʻuai⁴
    • Yale: kwài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuay
    • Palladius: куай (kuaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: huì
    • Zhuyin: ㄏㄨㄟˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: huèi
    • Wade–Giles: hui⁴
    • Yale: hwèi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: huey
    • Palladius: хуэй (xuej)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: kui²
    • Yale: kúi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: kui²
    • Guangdong Romanization: kui²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰuːi̯³⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kòe
    • Tâi-lô: kuè
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koex
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kue²¹/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kue⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kue²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kue¹¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kue²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: kwajH, kwat

Rime
Character	檜	檜
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	泰 (26)	末 (64)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Closed
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	古外切	古活切
Baxter	kwajH	kwat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kuɑiH/	/kuɑt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷɑiH/	/kʷɑt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɑiH/	/kuɑt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwajH/	/kwat̚/
Li Rong	/kuɑiH/	/kuɑt̚/
Wang Li	/kuɑiH/	/kuɑt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kuɑiH/	/kuɑt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guì	guo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gui3	gut3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[k]ˤ[o][p]-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*koːbs/, /*koːd/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	檜
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	guì
Middle Chinese	‹ kwajH ›
Old Chinese	/*[k]ˁ[o][p]-s/
English	ornament on coffin
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	檜	檜
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	5499	5519
Phonetic component	會	會
Rime group	蓋	月
Rime subdivision	3	3
Corresponding MC rime	儈	括
Old Chinese	/*koːbs/	/*koːd/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 檜

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Japanese

Shinjitai	桧
Kyūjitai	檜

Kanji

檜

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 桧)

Readings

• Go-on: け (ke)^{←け (ke, historical)←くゑ (kwe, ancient)}; かち (kachi)^{←くわち (kwati, historical)}
• Kan-on: かい (kai)^{←くわい (kwai, historical)}; かつ (katsu)^{←くわつ (kwatu, historical)}
• Kun: ひ (hi, 檜); ひのき (hinoki, 檜)

Compounds

• 老檜(ろうかい) (rōkai)
• 翌檜(アスナロ) (asunaro), 翌檜(アスナロウ) (asunarō)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
檜
ひのき Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
檜木

檜 (hinoki): a large Japanese cypress in Daichiji temple in Gifu City.

Compound of 檜 (hi, “Japanese cypress”, see below) +‎ の (no, attributive particle) +‎ 木 (ki, “tree”).

The wood and bark was commonly used as tinder, and the term was previously thought to be from 火 (hi, “fire”) +‎ の (no, attributive particle) +‎ 木 (ki, “tree”). However, later research into ancient kana usage in Old Japanese revealed that 檜 had a reading of ⟨pi₁⟩, while 火 was read as ⟨pi₂⟩, ruling out this derivation.

Pronunciation

• • ひ​のき [híꜜnòkì] (Atamadaka - [1])

Noun

1. the Japanese cypress, Chamaecyparis obtusa

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as ヒノキ.

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 檜(ひのき)翌檜(あすなろ) (hinoki asunaro)
• 檜(ひのき)笠(がさ) (hinokigasa)
• 檜(ひのき)玉(だま) (hinokidama)
• 檜(ひのき)綱(づな) (hinokizuna)
• 檜(ひのき)舞台(ぶたい) (hinoki butai)
• 明日(あす)は檜(ひのき) (asu wa hinoki)
• 木曽(きそ)檜(ひのき) (Kiso Hinoki)
• 台湾(たいわん)檜(ひのき) (Taiwan hinoki)

Descendants

• English: hinoki

Proper noun

1. a female given name

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
檜
ひ Jinmeiyō
kun'yomi

⟨pi₁⟩ → */pʲi/ → /ɸi/ → /hi/

From Old Japanese.

Appears in the Kojiki of 712 CE.

Noun

1. (archaic, or in compounds) the Japanese cypress, Chamaecyparis obtusa

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 檜(ひ)扇(おうぎ) (hiōgi)
• 檜(ひ)垣(がき) (higaki)
• 檜(ひ)笠(がさ) (higasa)
• 檜(ひ)隈(ぐま) (Higuma)
• 檜(ひ)曾(そ), 檜(ひ)楚(そ) (hiso)
  • 白(しら)檜(び)曾(そ) (shirabiso)
• 檜(ひの)枝(え)岐(また) (Hinoemata)
• 檜隈(ひのくま) (Hinokuma)
• 檜葉(ひば) (hiba)
• 檜(ひ)原(ばら) (hibara)
• 檜(ひ)物(もの) (himono)
• 檜(ひ)山(やま) (Hiyama)
• 檜(ひ)皮(わだ) (hiwada)
• 檜(ひ)破(わ)り子(ご) (hiwarigo)
• 明日(あす)檜(ひ) (asuhi)
• 黒(くろ)檜(び) (kurobi), 黒(くろ)檜(べ) (kurobe)
• 白(しら)檜(び) (shirabi), 白(しら)檜(べ) (shirabe)
• 唐(とう)檜(ひ) (tōhi)
• 紅(べに)檜(ひ) (benihi)

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Korean

Hanja

檜 • (hoe, gwal) (hangeul 회, 괄, revised hoe, gwal, McCune–Reischauer hoe, kwal, Yale hoy, kwal)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Compounds

• 회목 (檜木, hoemok, “Japanese cypress”)

See also

See also

• 백 (柏, baek, “cypress”)
• 편백 (扁柏, pyeonbaek, “Japanese cypress”)
• 측백 (側柏, cheukbaek, “oriental thuja”)
• 괄 (栝, gwal, “juniper”)
• 향목 (香木, hyangmok, “juniper”)
• 노송 (老松, nosong, “Japanese cypress”)

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Old Japanese

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

檜 (pi₁) (kana ひ)

1. the Japanese cypress, Chamaecyparis obtusa
   • 711–712, Kojiki, poem 100:

     ...麻紀佐久比能美加度...

     ...maki₂ saku pi₁ no mi₁kado₁...

     ...this wooded palace of flourishing cypresses...

Descendants

• Japanese: 檜 (hi, hinoki)

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Vietnamese

Han character

檜: Hán Nôm readings: cối

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.