癉

See also: 瘅

癉 U+7649, 癉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7649 ← 癈 [U+7648] CJK Unified Ideographs 癊 → [U+764A]

Translingual

Han character

癉 (Kangxi radical 104, 疒+12, 17 strokes, Cangjie input 大口口十 (KRRJ), four-corner 0014₆, composition ⿸疒單)

1. disease caused by overwork

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 780, character 41
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 22521
• Dae Jaweon: page 1190, character 17
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2697, character 3
• Unihan data for U+7649

Chinese

trad.		癉
simp.		瘅

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 癉
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (單) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
嚲	*taːlʔ
癉	*taːlʔ, *taːls, *taːn, *daːn
奲	*taːlʔ, *tʰjaːlʔ
驒	*daːl, *daːn, *teːn
鼉	*daːl
磾	*teːl
鷤	*deːl, *deːls, *daːn
觶	*tjal, *tjals
單	*taːn, *djan, *djanʔ, *djans
鄲	*taːn
殫	*taːn
簞	*taːn
匰	*taːn
襌	*taːn
彈	*daːn, *daːns
貚	*daːn, *deːn
撣	*daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns, *djan, *taːnʔ
潬	*daːnʔ
僤	*daːnʔ, *daːns, *djan
憚	*daːns
樿	*tjanʔ
燀	*tjanʔ, *tʰjan, *tʰjanʔ
戰	*tjans
闡	*tʰjanʔ
繟	*tʰjanʔ
幝	*tʰjanʔ
嘽	*tʰaːn, *tʰjanʔ
灛	*tʰjanʔ
蟬	*djan
禪	*djan, *djans
嬋	*djan
墠	*djanʔ
鱓	*djanʔ
蕇	*teːnʔ

Etymology

Proto-Sino-Tibetan *dar, cognate with Tibetan ལྡར་བ་ (ldar ba, “weary, tired, faint”) and Chepang द्याह्र्‌सा (dyarh-ma, “discomfit, sudden pain”)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): dàn, dān, dǎn, tán (dan⁴, dan¹, dan³, tan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄉㄢˋ, ㄉㄢ, ㄉㄢˇ, ㄊㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): daan¹ / taan¹ / daan³ / do³
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tan

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dàn
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄢˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dàn
    • Wade–Giles: tan⁴
    • Yale: dàn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dann
    • Palladius: дань (danʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tän⁵¹/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dān
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄢ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dan
    • Wade–Giles: tan¹
    • Yale: dān
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: dan
    • Palladius: дань (danʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tän⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: dǎn
    • Zhuyin: ㄉㄢˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: dǎn
    • Wade–Giles: tan³
    • Yale: dǎn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: daan
    • Palladius: дань (danʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tän²¹⁴/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tán
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tán
    • Wade–Giles: tʻan²
    • Yale: tán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tarn
    • Palladius: тань (tanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰän³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: daan¹ / taan¹ / daan³ / do³
    • Yale: dāan / tāan / daan / do
    • Cantonese Pinyin: daan¹ / taan¹ / daan³ / do³
    • Guangdong Romanization: dan¹ / tan¹ / dan³ / do³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /taːn⁵⁵/, /tʰaːn⁵⁵/, /taːn³³/, /tɔː³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tan
    • Tâi-lô: tan
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dafn
    • Sinological IPA (Xiamen): /tan⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Quanzhou): /tan³³/
    • Sinological IPA (Zhangzhou): /tan⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Taipei): /tan⁴⁴/
    • Sinological IPA (Kaohsiung): /tan⁴⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: tan, dan, taX, taH

Rime
Character	癉	癉	癉	癉
Reading #	1/4	2/4	3/4	4/4
Initial (聲)	端 (5)	定 (7)	端 (5)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	寒 (61)	寒 (61)	歌 (94)	歌 (94)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I	I	I
Fanqie	都寒切	徒干切	丁可切	丁佐切
Baxter	tan	dan	taX	taH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tɑn/	/dɑn/	/tɑX/	/tɑH/
Pan Wuyun	/tɑn/	/dɑn/	/tɑX/	/tɑH/
Shao Rongfen	/tɑn/	/dɑn/	/tɑX/	/tɑH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tan/	/dan/	/taX/	/taH/
Li Rong	/tɑn/	/dɑn/	/tɑX/	/tɑH/
Wang Li	/tɑn/	/dɑn/	/tɑX/	/tɑH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/tɑn/	/dʱɑn/	/tɑX/	/tɑH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	dān	tán	duǒ	duò
Expected Cantonese Reflex	daan1	taan4	do2	do3

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤanʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*taːlʔ/, /*taːls/, /*taːn/, /*daːn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	癉
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	dǎn
Middle Chinese	‹ tanX ›
Old Chinese	/*tˁanʔ/
English	illness; toil
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	癉	癉	癉	癉
Reading #	1/4	2/4	3/4	4/4
No.	1984	1986	1999	2006
Phonetic component	單	單	單	單
Rime group	歌	歌	元	元
Rime subdivision	1	1	1	1
Corresponding MC rime	嚲	跢	單	壇
Old Chinese	/*taːlʔ/	/*taːls/	/*taːn/	/*daːn/

Definitions

癉

1. disease; suffering; illness (especially due to exhaustion from overwork)
2. to hate; to condemn
3. alternative form of 疸 (“jaundice”)
4. (traditional Chinese medicine) fever; heat

Compounds

• 剛癉 / 刚瘅
• 彰善癉惡 / 彰善瘅恶
• 火癉 / 火瘅
• 癉惡 / 瘅恶
• 癉惡彰善 / 瘅恶彰善
• 癉暑 / 瘅暑
• 癉疽 / 瘅疽
• 癉瘧 / 瘅疟
• 脾癉 / 脾瘅

References

• “癉”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎^[1], 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

癉

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

• On (unclassified): たん (tan)、た (ta)
• Kun: やす (yasu)

Korean

Hanja

癉 (eum 단 (dan))

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Vietnamese

Han character

癉: Hán Nôm readings: đản, đẫn

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