鼉

See also: 鼍

鼉 U+9F09, 鼉 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9F09 ← 鼈 [U+9F08] CJK Unified Ideographs 鼊 → [U+9F0A]

Translingual

Han character

鼉 (Kangxi radical 205, 黽+12, 25 strokes, cangjie input 口口田一山 (RRWMU), four-corner 6671₇, composition ⿳㽞一黽)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1525, character 1
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 48306
• Dae Jaweon: page 2060, character 10
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4771, character 4
• Unihan data for U+9F09

Chinese

trad.		鼉
simp.		鼍
alternative forms		𪛄 鱓 𪓽 𪓸

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 鼉
Shang	Spring and Autumn	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Oracle bone script	Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

Characters in the same phonetic series (單) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
嚲	*taːlʔ
癉	*taːlʔ, *taːls, *taːn, *daːn
奲	*taːlʔ, *tʰjaːlʔ
驒	*daːl, *daːn, *teːn
鼉	*daːl
磾	*teːl
鷤	*deːl, *deːls, *daːn
觶	*tjal, *tjals
單	*taːn, *djan, *djanʔ, *djans
鄲	*taːn
殫	*taːn
簞	*taːn
匰	*taːn
襌	*taːn
彈	*daːn, *daːns
貚	*daːn, *deːn
撣	*daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns, *djan, *taːnʔ
潬	*daːnʔ
僤	*daːnʔ, *daːns, *djan
憚	*daːns
樿	*tjanʔ
燀	*tjanʔ, *tʰjan, *tʰjanʔ
戰	*tjans
闡	*tʰjanʔ
繟	*tʰjanʔ
幝	*tʰjanʔ
嘽	*tʰaːn, *tʰjanʔ
灛	*tʰjanʔ
蟬	*djan
禪	*djan, *djans
嬋	*djan
墠	*djanʔ
鱓	*djanʔ
蕇	*teːnʔ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *daːl) : phonetic 單 (OC *taːn, *djan, *djanʔ, *djans) + semantic 黽 (“toad”)

Etymology

Löffler (1966) tentatively relates this to Mru tam (“alligator”) yet the finals do not agree.

Also reminiscent of Santali [script needed] (tajan, “broad-headed alligator”) (Schuessler, 2007)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tuó (tuo²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄨㄛˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): to⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tuó
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄛˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tuó
    • Wade–Giles: tʻo²
    • Yale: twó
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: two
    • Palladius: то (to)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰu̯ɔ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: to⁴
    • Yale: tòh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: to⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: to⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰɔː²¹/

---

• Middle Chinese: da

Rime
Character	鼉
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	歌 (94)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	徒河切
Baxter	da
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑ/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑ/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/da/
Li Rong	/dɑ/
Wang Li	/dɑ/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tuó
Expected Cantonese Reflex	to4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[d]ˤar/

  (Zhengzhang): /*daːl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鼉
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tuó
Middle Chinese	‹ da ›
Old Chinese	/*[d]ˁar/
English	alligator
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鼉
Reading #	1/1
No.	1988
Phonetic component	單
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	駝
Old Chinese	/*daːl/

Definitions

鼉

1. Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis)

   • 荊有雲夢，犀兕麋鹿滿之，江漢之魚鱉黿鼉為天下富。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     荆有云梦，犀兕麋鹿满之，江汉之鱼鳖鼋鼍为天下富。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mozi, c. 4^th century BCE

     Jīng yǒu yúnmèng, xī sì mílù mǎn zhī, jiāng hàn zhī yú biē yuán tuó wèi tiānxià fù. [Pinyin]

     Jing possesses Yunmeng, full of rhinoceroses, buffaloes, and elaphures; the Jiang's and Han's fish, soft-shelled turtles and alligators are the most abundant under heaven.

Synonyms

• 揚子鱷／扬子鳄 (yángzǐ'è)
• 豬婆龍／猪婆龙

Compounds

• 蛟鼉／蛟鼍
• 鼉更／鼍更
• 鼉皮鼓／鼍皮鼓
• 鼉鼓／鼍鼓 (tuógǔ)
• 鼉龍／鼍龙 (tuólóng)

 

Japanese

Kanji

鼉

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. Alligator

Readings

• On (unclassified): た (ta)、だ (da)、たん (tan)、だん (dan)、せん (sen)、ぜん (zen)
• Kun: わに (wani)

Korean

Hanja

鼉 • (ta) (hangeul 타, revised ta, McCune–Reischauer t'a, Yale tha)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

鼉: Hán Nôm readings: đà

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.