祥

Translingual

Han character

祥 (Kangxi radical 113, 示+6, 10 strokes, cangjie input 戈火廿手 (IFTQ), four-corner 3825₁, composition ⿰礻羊(GHTJ) or ⿰示羊(K or U+FA1A)

Derived characters

• 㬕, 䔗

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 842, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24689
• Dae Jaweon: page 1262, character 16
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2398, character 1
• Unihan data for U+7965

• Unihan data for U+FA1A

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Chinese

simp. and trad.		祥

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (羊) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
样	*ʔslaːŋ, *laŋ
佯	*zlaŋ, *laŋ
詳	*ljaŋ, *laŋ
洋	*ljaŋ, *laŋ
翔	*ljaŋ
庠	*ljaŋ
祥	*ljaŋ
痒	*ljaŋ, *laŋʔ
姜	*klaŋ
羌	*kʰlaŋ
蜣	*kʰlaŋ
猐	*kʰlaŋ
唴	*kʰlaŋs
羊	*laŋ
徉	*laŋ
烊	*laŋ
蛘	*laŋ, *laŋʔ
眻	*laŋ, *laŋs
鴹	*laŋ
恙	*laŋs
羕	*laŋs
樣	*laŋs
漾	*laŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ljaŋ) : semantic 示 (“altar”) + phonetic 羊 (OC *laŋ)

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xiáng (xiang²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄤˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): coeng⁴
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): siòng
• Northern Min (KCR): ciǒng
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): siông

  (Teochew, Peng'im): siang⁵

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiáng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siáng
    • Wade–Giles: hsiang²
    • Yale: syáng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shyang
    • Palladius: сян (sjan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑŋ³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: coeng⁴
    • Yale: chèuhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsoeng⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: cêng⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siòng
    • Hakka Romanization System: xiongˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xiong²
    • Sinological IPA: /si̯oŋ¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ciǒng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡siɔŋ²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siông
    • Tâi-lô: siông
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sioong
    • IPA (Xiamen): /siɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɔŋ¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /siɔŋ²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /siɔŋ²³/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: siang⁵
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: siâng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siaŋ⁵⁵/

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• Dialectal data

Variety	Location	edit 祥
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕiɑŋ³⁵/
	Harbin	/ɕiaŋ²⁴/
	Tianjin	/ɕiɑŋ⁴⁵/
	Jinan	/ɕiaŋ⁴²/
	Qingdao	/siaŋ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/siaŋ⁴²/
	Xi'an	/ɕiaŋ²⁴/
	Xining	/ɕiɔ̃²⁴/
	Yinchuan	/t͡ɕʰiɑŋ⁵³/ /ɕiɑŋ⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/ɕiɑ̃⁵³/
	Ürümqi	/ɕiɑŋ⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/t͡ɕʰiaŋ²¹³/
	Chengdu	/ɕiaŋ³¹/
	Guiyang	/t͡ɕʰiaŋ²¹/
	Kunming	/t͡ɕʰiã̠³¹/
	Nanjing	/t͡sʰiaŋ²⁴/
	Hefei	/t͡ɕʰiɑ̃⁵⁵/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕiɒ̃¹¹/
	Pingyao	/ɕiɑŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/ɕiɑ̃³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦiã²³/
	Suzhou	/ziã¹³/
	Hangzhou	/d͡ʑiɑŋ²¹³/
	Wenzhou	/ji³¹/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡sʰia⁴⁴/
	Tunxi	/t͡sʰiau⁴⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡sian¹³/
	Xiangtan	/d͡zian¹²/
Gan	Nanchang	/ɕiɔŋ⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/sioŋ¹¹/
	Taoyuan	/sioŋ¹¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sʰœŋ²¹/
	Nanning	/t͡sʰœŋ²¹/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sʰœŋ²¹/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/siɔŋ³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/suoŋ⁵³/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/t͡siɔŋ²¹/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/siaŋ⁵⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/siaŋ³¹/

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• Middle Chinese: zjang

Rime
Character	祥
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	邪 (17)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	似羊切
Baxter	zjang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/zɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/ziɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/ziɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/zɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/ziaŋ/
Wang Li	/zĭaŋ/
Bernard Karlgren	/zi̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiáng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	coeng4

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.ɢaŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ljaŋ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	祥
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiáng
Middle Chinese	‹ zjang ›
Old Chinese	/*s.ɢaŋ/
English	auspicious
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	祥
Reading #	1/1
No.	14528
Phonetic component	羊
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	詳
Old Chinese	/*ljaŋ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 祥

1. good luck, good omen, auspicious

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Japanese

Kanji

祥

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. auspiciousness, happiness
2. good omen or sign
3. celebration after the end of a mourning

Readings

• Go-on: ぞう (zō)^{←ざう (zau, historical)}
• Kan-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
• Kun: きざし (kizashi, 祥し); さいわい (saiwai, 祥い)^{←さいはひ (saifafi, 祥ひ, historical)}; さが (saga, 祥); さち (sachi, 祥)
• Nanori: あき (aki); あきら (akira); さか (saka); さき (saki); さむ (samu); ただ (tada); なが (naga); ひろ (hiro); やす (yasu); よし (yoshi)

Compounds

Compounds

• 祥雲(しょううん) (shōun)
• 祥気(しょうき) (shōki)
• 祥忌(しょうき) (shōki)
• 祥慶(しょうけい) (shōkei)
• 祥瑞(しょうずい) (shōzui)
• 嘉祥(かしょう) (kashō)
• 吉(きち)祥(じょう) (kichijō), 吉祥(きっしょう) (kisshō)
• 休祥(きゅうしょう) (kyūshō)
• 錦祥女(きんしょうじょ) (Kinshōjo)
• 災祥(さいしょう) (saishō)
• 小祥忌(しょうしょうき) (shōshōki), 小祥(しょうしょう) (shōshō)
• 瑞祥(ずいしょう) (zuishō)
• 清祥(せいしょう) (seishō)
• 善祥(ぜんしょう) (zenshō)
• 多祥(たしょう) (tashō)
• 大祥忌(だいしょうき) (daishōki), 大祥(だいしょう) (daishō)
• 発祥(はっしょう) (hasshō)
• 不祥(ふしょう) (fushō)
• 福(ふく)祥(しょう) (fukushō)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
祥
しょう Grade: S
kan’on

Alternative spelling
祥 (kyūjitai)

/sɨau/ → /sʲɨɔː/ → /sjɔː/ → /sjoː/

From Middle Chinese 祥 (MC zjang).

Noun

1. a omen of good fortune or happiness

   Synonyms: 吉兆 (kitchō), 瑞兆 (zuichō)

2. a sign of good or bad luck
3. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Derived terms

• 祥(しょう)月(つき) (shōtsuki)

Proper noun

1. a female given name

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
祥
さが Grade: S
kun’yomi

Alternative spelling
祥 (kyūjitai)

Attested in the Nihon Shoki (720 CE).

Cognate with 性 (saga, “one's nature, destiny”).

Alternative forms

• 前兆

Noun

1. (archaic) a sign, omen

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Korean

Hanja

祥 • (sang) (hangeul 상, revised sang, McCune–Reischauer sang, Yale sang)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 祥 (tường)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.