秧

Translingual

Han character

秧 (Kangxi radical 115, 禾+5, 10 strokes, cangjie input 竹木中月大 (HDLBK), four-corner 2593₀, composition ⿰禾央)

1. rice seedlings, young rice plants

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 851, character 32
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 24996
• Dae Jaweon: page 1276, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 4, page 2599, character 6
• Unihan data for U+79E7

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Chinese

trad.		秧
simp. #		秧

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (央) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
鴦	*qaːŋ, *qaŋ
佒	*qaːŋ
咉	*qaːŋ, *qaːŋʔ
眏	*qaːŋ
姎	*qaːŋ, *qaːŋʔ
坱	*qaːŋʔ
映	*qaːŋʔ, *qraŋs
泱	*qaːŋʔ, *qaŋ
盎	*qaːŋʔ, *qaːŋs
駚	*qaːŋʔ, *qaŋʔ
軮	*qaːŋʔ
醠	*qaːŋʔ, *qaːŋs
央	*qaŋ
秧	*qaŋ, *qaŋʔ
殃	*qaŋ
鞅	*qaŋ, *qaŋʔ, *qaŋs
鉠	*qaŋ, *qraŋ
雵	*qaŋ
胦	*qaŋ, *qroːŋ
柍	*qaŋʔ
詇	*qaŋʔ, *qaŋs, *qraŋs
岟	*qaŋʔ
炴	*qaŋʔ
怏	*qaŋʔ, *qaŋs
紻	*qaŋʔ
英	*qraŋ
瑛	*qraŋ
霙	*qraŋ
韺	*qraŋ
媖	*qraŋ
渶	*qraŋ
鶧	*qraŋ
楧	*qraŋ
暎	*qraŋs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *qaŋ, *qaŋʔ) : semantic 禾 (“grain; cereal”) + phonetic 央 (OC *qaŋ).

Etymology

Attested relatively late, in the Tang dynasty (Sagart (2011)).

Haudricourt and Strecker (1991) propose a Hmong-Mien origin, but Sagart (2011) argues that the direction of borrowing should be the other way around. He instead proposes an internal Chinese origin, suggesting that it is a cognate of 英 (OC *qraŋ, “grasses at their growing/flowering stage, before producing seeds”) without a -r- infix.

Relationship with Tibeto-Burman items is unclear, due to mismatching initials: Tibetan ལྗང་བ (ljang ba, “shoot, sprout”), ལྗང་བུ (ljang bu, “rice seedling”), Lepcha [script needed] (ta-lyong, “young blades of corn, rice”) (Schuessler, 2007).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): yāng (yang¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄧㄤ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): joeng¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): yông
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): ng / iong / iang

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ng¹ / iang¹ / ng²

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yang
    • Wade–Giles: yang¹
    • Yale: yāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iang
    • Palladius: ян (jan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑŋ⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: yāngr
    • Zhuyin: ㄧㄤㄦ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: yangr
    • Wade–Giles: yang¹-ʼrh
    • Yale: yāngr
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: iangl
    • Palladius: янр (janr)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jɑ̃ɻ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: joeng¹
    • Yale: yēung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: joeng¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: yêng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /jœːŋ⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Northern Sixian, incl. Miaoli)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yông
    • Hakka Romanization System: iong^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /i̯oŋ²⁴/
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: yông
    • Hakka Romanization System: (r)iong^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: yong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /(j)i̯oŋ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: ng
    • Tâi-lô: ng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ngf
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /ŋ̍⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ŋ̍³³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iong
    • Tâi-lô: iong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iofng
    • IPA (Xiamen, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iɔŋ⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /iɔŋ³³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: iang
    • Tâi-lô: iang
    • Phofsit Daibuun: iafng
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /iaŋ⁴⁴/

Note:

• ng - vernacular;
• iong/iang - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: ng¹ / iang¹ / ng²
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ng / iang / ńg
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋ³³/, /iaŋ³³/, /ŋ⁵²/

Note:

• ng1 - vernacular;
• iang1 - literary;
• ng2 - only in 麻秧.

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• Middle Chinese: 'jang, 'jangX

Rime
Character	秧	秧
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	影 (34)	影 (34)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	於良切	於兩切
Baxter	'jang	'jangX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʔɨɐŋ/	/ʔɨɐŋX/
Pan Wuyun	/ʔiɐŋ/	/ʔiɐŋX/
Shao Rongfen	/ʔiɑŋ/	/ʔiɑŋX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʔɨaŋ/	/ʔɨaŋX/
Li Rong	/ʔiaŋ/	/ʔiaŋX/
Wang Li	/ĭaŋ/	/ĭaŋX/
Bernard Karlgren	/ʔi̯aŋ/	/ʔi̯aŋX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	yāng	yǎng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	joeng1	joeng2

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*qaŋ/, /*qaŋʔ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	秧	秧
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	14489	14499
Phonetic component	央	央
Rime group	陽	陽
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	央	鞅
Old Chinese	/*qaŋ/	/*qaŋʔ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 秧

1. rice seedling
2. sprout; shoot; seedling
3. vine; stalk
4. young animal; -ling
5. (literary) to transplant rice seedlings
6. (dialectal) to grow; to cultivate; to raise
7. a surname

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Japanese

Kanji

秧

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

• Go-on: よう (yō)^{←やう (yau, historical)}
• Kan-on: おう (ō)^{←あう (au, historical)}
• Kun: なえ (nae, 秧); うえる (ueru, 秧る)

Compounds

Compounds

• 秧鶏(くいな) (kuina): rail; water rail

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Korean

Hanja

秧 • (ang) (hangeul 앙, revised ang, McCune–Reischauer ang, Yale ang)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

秧 (ương)

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