胆

See also: 膽

胆 U+80C6, 胆 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-80C6 ← 胅 [U+80C5] CJK Unified Ideographs 胇 → [U+80C7]

Translingual

Stroke order

Japanese	胆
Simplified	胆
Traditional	膽

Han character

胆 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+5, 9 strokes, Cangjie input 月日一 (BAM), composition ⿰⺼旦)

Derived characters

• 𫅝

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 977, character 12
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29354
• Dae Jaweon: page 1429, character 3
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2059, character 4
• Unihan data for U+80C6

Chinese

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (旦) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
皽	*tjaʀ, *tanʔ, *tjanʔ
担	*taːnʔ
胆	*daːn, *daːn
疸	*taːnʔ, *taːns
觛	*taːnʔ, *taːns, *daːnʔ
亶	*taːnʔ
嬗	*taːnʔ, *tʰaːn, *djans
笪	*taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd
狚	*taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd
旦	*taːns
鴠	*taːns
譠	*tʰaːn, *rteːn
坦	*tʰaːnʔ
但	*daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns
檀	*daːn
壇	*daːn
儃	*daːn, *djan
驙	*daːn, *tan
袒	*daːnʔ, *rdeːns
襢	*daːnʔ, *tanʔ, *tans
繵	*daːnʔ
膻	*daːnʔ
澶	*daːns, *djan
邅	*tan, *danʔ, *dans
鱣	*tan
饘	*tjan, *tjanʔ
旜	*tjan
氈	*tjan
鸇	*tjan
顫	*tjans
蟺	*djanʔ
擅	*djans
羶	*hljan
呾	*taːd, *ʔraːd
怛	*taːd
妲	*taːd
靼	*taːd, *tjad
炟	*taːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *daːn, *daːn): semantic ⺼ (“body part”) + phonetic 旦 (OC *taːns).

Definitions

For pronunciation and definitions of 胆 – see 膽 (“gallbladder; guts; courage; bravery; strength; nerve; etc.”). (This character is the simplified and variant form of 膽).

Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China, Malaysia, and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Shinjitai	胆
Kyūjitai	膽

Kanji

胆

(Jōyō kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 膽)

1. gall bladder
2. courage

Readings

• Go-on: たん (tan, Jōyō)
• Kan-on: たん (tan, Jōyō)
• Kun: きも (kimo, 胆)、い (i, 胆)

Compounds

• 胆(たん)汁(じゅう) (tanjū): yellow bile, bile
• 胆(たん)石(せき) (tanseki)
• 大(だい)胆(たん) (daitan)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
胆
い Grade: S
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
膽 (kyūjitai)

From Old Japanese 膽 (i, “liver”); attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE where 膽振鉏 is phonetically spelled as i-puri-sape₂ (伊浮梨娑陛); in turn from reconstructed Proto-Japonic *i. Usage of this word was mostly confined to kanbun texts and wordlists. The word fell into disuse after the Muromachi period as body parts, including internal organs, were being called by their Chinese readings, in which this word likely conflated with 胃 (i, “stomach”), but remains in compounds.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) い [íꜜ] (Atamadaka – [1])
• (Tokyo) い [ì] (Heiban – [0])
• IPA^(key): [i]

• (Kyōto) い​ー [íì] (Kōki)

• Historical evolution of the Kyoto pitch accent

• (the Heian period) HH

※ H for high and flat syllables (◌́), L for low and flat syllables (◌̀), F for high-to-low syllables (◌̂), R for low-to-high syllables (◌̌).
※ References:

Noun

胆(い) • (i) 

1. (archaic, possibly obsolete or in compounds) gallbladder; liver

   Synonyms: 胆嚢 (tannō), 肝 (kimo)

Derived terms

• 熊の胆 (kumanoi)

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
胆
きも Grade: S
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
膽 (kyūjitai)

For pronunciation and definitions of 胆 – see the following entry.

【肝きも】S [noun] the liver [noun] innards [noun] (figuratively) important part

(This term, 胆, is an alternative spelling of the above term.)

References

• “^△胆”, in 漢字ぺディア [Kanjipedia]‎^[1] (in Japanese), The Japan Kanji Aptitude Testing Foundation, 2015–2026

Korean

Hanja

胆 • (dam) (hangeul 담, revised dam, McCune–Reischauer tam, Yale tam)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.