檀

檀 U+6A80, 檀 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6A80 ← 橿 [U+6A7F] CJK Unified Ideographs 檁 → [U+6A81]

Translingual

Han character

檀 (radical 75 木+13, 17 strokes, cangjie input 木卜田一 (DYWM), four-corner 4091₆, composition ⿰木亶)

References

• KangXi: page 555, character 39
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 15632
• Dae Jaweon: page 945, character 22
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1305, character 1
• Unihan data for U+6A80

---

Chinese

simp. and trad.		檀

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 檀
Large seal script	Small seal script

Characters in the same phonetic series (旦) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
皽	tjaʀ, *tanʔ, *tjanʔ
担	taːnʔ
胆	daːn, *daːn
疸	taːnʔ, *taːns
觛	taːnʔ, *taːns, *daːnʔ
亶	taːnʔ
嬗	taːnʔ, *tʰaːn, *djans
笪	taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd
狚	taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd
旦	taːns
鴠	taːns
譠	tʰaːn, *rteːn
坦	tʰaːnʔ
但	daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns
檀	daːn
壇	daːn
儃	daːn, *djan
驙	daːn, *tan
袒	daːnʔ, *rdeːns
襢	daːnʔ, *tanʔ, *tans
繵	daːnʔ
膻	daːnʔ
澶	daːns, *djan
邅	tan, *danʔ, *dans
鱣	tan
饘	tjan, *tjanʔ
旜	tjan
氈	tjan
鸇	tjan
顫	tjans
蟺	djanʔ
擅	djans
羶	hljan
呾	taːd, *ʔraːd
怛	taːd
妲	taːd
靼	taːd, *tjad
炟	taːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *daːn): semantic 木 + phonetic 亶 (OC *taːnʔ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tán (tan²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): taan⁴
• Min Nan (POJ): tân / tôaⁿ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Pinyin: tán
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄢˊ
    • Wade-Giles: t'an²
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tanr
    • IPA ^(key): /tʰa̠n³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
    • Jyutping: taan⁴
    • Yale: tàahn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: taan⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: tan⁴
    • IPA ^(key): /tʰɑːn²¹/
• Min Nan
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tân
    • Tâi-lô: tân
    • Phofsit Daibuun: daan
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /tan²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tan¹³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, mainstream Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tôaⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: tuânn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: dvoaa
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /tuã²³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tuã¹³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taipei): /tuã²⁴/

Note:

• tân - literary;
• tôaⁿ - vernacular.

---

• Middle Chinese: /dɑn/▼

Rime
Character	檀
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)
Final (韻)	寒 (61)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	徒干切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/dɑn/
Pan Wuyun	/dɑn/
Shao Rongfen	/dɑn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dan/
Li Rong	/dɑn/
Wang Li	/dɑn/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱɑn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tán

• Old Chinese▼

  (Zhengzhang): /*daːn/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	檀
Reading #	1/1
No.	2062
Phonetic component	旦
Rime group	元
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	壇
Old Chinese	/*daːn/

Definitions

檀

1. Name of several kind of woods, including:
   1. 紫檀 (zǐtán, “Pterocarpus indicus”)
   2. 青檀 (“Pteroceltis tatarinowii”)
   3. 黃檀／黄檀 (huángtán, “Dalbergia hupeana”)
   4. Short for 旃檀 (“Santalum album”)., also known as 檀香 (tánxiāng)
2. purple-red
3. A surname​.

Compounds

• 伐檀
• 印度黃檀／印度黄檀
• 旃檀
• 栴檀 (zhāntán)
• 檀信 (tánxìn)
• 檀口
• 檀弓
• 檀施
• 檀暈妝／檀晕妆
• 檀木靴

• 檀板 (tánbǎn)
• 檀林
• 檀槽
• 檀欒／檀栾
• 檀粉
• 檀越
• 檀車／檀车
• 檀那 (tánnà)
• 檀郎
• 檀郎謝女／檀郎谢女

• 檀香 (tánxiāng)
• 檀香山 (Tánxiāng Shān)
• 檀香扇
• 毚檀
• 白檀 (báitán)
• 紫檀 (zǐtán)
• 邏逤檀／逻逤檀
• 阿檀
• 馬躍檀溪／马跃檀溪
• 黑檀木

---

Japanese

Kanji

檀

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Goon: だん (dan)
• Kan’on: たん (tan)
• Kun: まゆみ (mayumi)

Compounds

• 白檀 (びゃくだん) (byakudan): Indian sandalwood (Santalum album)

Kanji in this term
檀
まゆみ Jinmeiyō
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) まゆみ [màyúmí] (Heiban – [0])
  • (Tokyo) ま​ゆみ [máꜜyùmì] (Atamadaka – [1])
  • IPA^(key): [ma̠jɯ̟ᵝmi]

Alternative forms

• 真弓, 檀弓

Noun

檀 (hiragana まゆみ, katakana マユミ, rōmaji mayumi)

1. Euonymus hamiltonianus
2. a bow made from the wood of Euonymus hamiltonianus

Proper noun

檀 (hiragana だん, rōmaji Dan)

1. A surname​.

---

Korean

Hanja

檀 • (dan) (hangeul 단, revised dan, McCune-Reischauer tan, Yale tan)

1. (박달나무): birch
2. (단향목): sandalwood

Synonyms

1. (birch): 橽, 樺
2. (sandalwood): 栴, 楝, 栲, 栝

Compounds

• 檀君 (단군, dangun) Dangun
• 檀紀 (단기, dangi) Dangun era
• 檀木 (단목, danmog) birch
• 檀香 (단향, danhyang) sandalwood
• 檀香木 (단향목, danhyangmog) sandalwood

• 白檀 (백단, baegdan) white sandalwood
• 栴檀 (전단, jeondan) sandalwood
• 紫檀 (자단, jadan) rosewood
• 黑檀 (흑단, heugdan) ebony

---

Vietnamese

Han character

檀 (đàn, trầm)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.