坦

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坦 U+5766, 坦
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5766
← 坥
[U+5765] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 坧 →
[U+5767]

Translingual

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Han character

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坦 (Kangxi radical 32, 土+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 土日一 (GAM), four-corner 46110, composition ⿰土旦)

Derived characters

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Further reading

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  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 226, character 18
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 4971
  • Dae Jaweon: page 461, character 30
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 431, character 3
  • Unihan data for U+5766

Chinese

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simp. and trad.
 坦
alternative forms 憻

Glyph origin

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Characters in the same phonetic series (旦) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
皽 *tjaʀ, *tanʔ, *tjanʔ
担 *taːnʔ
胆 *daːn, *daːn
疸 *taːnʔ, *taːns
觛 *taːnʔ, *taːns, *daːnʔ
亶 *taːnʔ
嬗 *taːnʔ, *tʰaːn, *djans
笪 *taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd
狚 *taːnʔ, *taːns, *taːd
旦 *taːns
鴠 *taːns
譠 *tʰaːn, *rteːn
坦 *tʰaːnʔ
但 *daːn, *daːnʔ, *daːns
檀 *daːn
壇 *daːn
儃 *daːn, *djan
驙 *daːn, *tan
袒 *daːnʔ, *rdeːns
襢 *daːnʔ, *tanʔ, *tans
繵 *daːnʔ
膻 *daːnʔ
澶 *daːns, *djan
邅 *tan, *danʔ, *dans
鱣 *tan
饘 *tjan, *tjanʔ
旜 *tjan
氈 *tjan
鸇 *tjan
顫 *tjans
蟺 *djanʔ
擅 *djans
羶 *hljan
呾 *taːd, *ʔraːd
怛 *taːd
妲 *taːd
靼 *taːd, *tjad
炟 *taːd

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *tʰaːnʔ) : semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 旦 (OC *taːns)

Pronunciation

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Note:
  • thán - literary;
  • tháⁿ - vernacular.
Rime
Character 坦
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 透 (6)
Final (韻) 寒 (61)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 他旦切
Baxter thanX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang 		/tʰɑnX/
Pan
Wuyun 		/tʰɑnX/
Shao
Rongfen 		/tʰɑnX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank 		/tʰanX/
Li
Rong 		/tʰɑnX/
Wang
Li 		/tʰɑnX/
Bernard
Karlgren 		/tʰɑnX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex 		tǎn
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex 		taan2
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 坦
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin) 		tǎn
Middle
Chinese 		‹ thanX ›
Old
Chinese 		/*[tʰ]ˁa[n]ʔ/
English level, at ease

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 坦
Reading # 1/1
No. 2059
Phonetic
component 		旦
Rime
group 		元
Rime
subdivision 		1
Corresponding
MC rime 		坦
Old
Chinese 		/*tʰaːnʔ/

Definitions

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坦

  1. ⁜ flat; level; wide
    平坦  ―  píngtǎn  ―  level
  2. ⁜ calm; open-hearted; at ease
    坦然  ―  tǎnrán  ―  calm
  3. ⁜ honest; frank
    坦白  ―  tǎnbái  ―  honest; candid
    Synonym: 直率 (zhíshuài)
  4. † to reveal; to expose
  5. a surname

Compounds

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References

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Japanese

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Kanji

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坦

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

  1. flat; level; even

Readings

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Compounds

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Compounds

Korean

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Etymology

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From Middle Chinese 坦 (MC thanX).

Hanja

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Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

Wikisource

坦 (eumhun 평평할 탄 (pyeongpyeonghal tan))

  1. hanja form? of 탄 (“flat; level; even”)

Compounds

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Compounds

References

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  • 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典. [2]

Vietnamese

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Han character

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坦: Hán Việt readings: thản (儻(thảng)旱(hạn)切(thiết))[1][2][3][4][5], thán[5]
坦: Nôm readings: đứt[1][2][3][6][4][5][7], đất[1][2][3][4][5][7], đắt[2][3][6][4][5][7], thản[2][6][4], đác[1], đởn[1], thán[1], đắn[2], đật[3], ngẩn[3], thưỡn[3]

Etymology 1

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Affix

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坦 (thản)

  1. chữ Hán form of thản (“flat; level; wide”).
  2. chữ Hán form of thản (“calm; pleasant”).
Derived terms
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Derived terms

Etymology 2

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Glyph origin

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Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声) : semantic 土 (“earth”) + phonetic 怛 (đát). The 旦 element is a simplified form of 怛.

Noun

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坦 • (đất)

  1. Nôm form of đất (“earth; soil; dirt”).
  2. Nôm form of đất (“land”).
Alternative forms
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Derived terms
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Derived terms

Etymology 3

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Verb

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坦 • (đứt)

  1. Nôm form of đứt (“to break off; to be cut off”).

References

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  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 Nguyễn (2014).
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 Nguyễn et al. (2009).
  3. ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 Trần (2004).
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 Bonet (1899).
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 Génibrel (1898).
  6. ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Hồ (1976).
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Taberd & Pigneau de Béhaine (1838).
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