訟

See also: 讼

Translingual

Han character

訟 (Kangxi radical 149, 言+4, 11 strokes, cangjie input 卜口金戈 (YRCI), four-corner 0863₂, composition ⿰言公)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1149, character 18
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35266
• Dae Jaweon: page 1616, character 19
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 3949, character 3
• Unihan data for U+8A1F

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Chinese

trad.		訟
simp.		讼
alternative forms		吅

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (公) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
慃	*qroːŋʔ
袞	*kluːnʔ
蔉	*kluːnʔ
滾	*kluːnʔ
忩	*sʰloːŋ
鬆	*sqʰloːŋs, *sqʰluːŋ, *skʰloŋ, *sqʰloŋ
凇	*sqʰloːŋs, *sqʰloŋ, *sɢloŋ
公	*kloːŋ
蚣	*kloːŋ, *kljoŋ
翁	*qloːŋ
螉	*qloːŋ
蓊	*qloːŋ, *qloːŋʔ
嗡	*qloːŋ
滃	*qloːŋʔ
暡	*qloːŋʔ
勜	*qloːŋʔ
塕	*qloːŋʔ
瓮	*qloːŋs
崧	*sqʰluŋ
菘	*sqʰluŋ
硹	*sqʰluŋ
淞	*sqʰloŋ, *sɢloŋ
蜙	*sqʰloŋ
倯	*sqʰloŋ
松	*sɢloŋ
訟	*sɢloŋ, *sɢloŋs
頌	*sɢloŋs, *loŋ
忪	*kljoŋ
彸	*kljoŋ
衳	*kljoŋ
伀	*kljoŋ
妐	*kljoŋ
炂	*kljoŋ
鈆	*kljoŋ, *lon

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sɢloŋ, *sɢloŋs) : semantic 言 (“say”) + phonetic 公 (OC *kloːŋ).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): sòng (song⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄙㄨㄥˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zung⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): siōng / siòng
• Wu (Wugniu)
  • (Northern): ⁶zon

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: sòng
    • Zhuyin: ㄙㄨㄥˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sòng
    • Wade–Giles: sung⁴
    • Yale: sùng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: sonq
    • Palladius: сун (sun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sʊŋ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zung⁶
    • Yale: juhng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzung⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: zung⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ²²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siōng
    • Tâi-lô: siōng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siong
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /siɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siɔŋ⁴¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /siɔŋ²²/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siòng
    • Tâi-lô: siòng
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sioxng
    • IPA (Xiamen): /siɔŋ²¹/

Note:

• siōng - literary;
• siòng - vernacular (俗).

• Wu
  • (Shanghai):
    • Wugniu: ⁶zon
    • MiniDict: zon^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³zon
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /zoŋ²³/

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• Middle Chinese: zjowng, zjowngH

Rime
Character	訟	訟
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Initial (聲)	邪 (17)	邪 (17)
Final (韻)	鍾 (7)	鍾 (7)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	祥容切	似用切
Baxter	zjowng	zjowngH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/zɨoŋ/	/zɨoŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/zioŋ/	/zioŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/zioŋ/	/zioŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/zuawŋ/	/zuawŋH/
Li Rong	/zioŋ/	/zioŋH/
Wang Li	/zĭwoŋ/	/zĭwoŋH/
Bernard Karlgren	/zi̯woŋ/	/zi̯woŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	sóng	sòng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cung4	zung6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*s.[ɢ]oŋ-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sɢloŋ/, /*sɢloŋs/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	訟
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	sòng
Middle Chinese	‹ zjowngH ›
Old Chinese	/*s.[ɢ]oŋ-s/
English	litigate
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	訟	訟
Reading #	1/2	2/2
No.	4116	4119
Phonetic component	公	公
Rime group	東	東
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	松	頌
Old Chinese	/*sɢloŋ/	/*sɢloŋs/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 訟

1. to accuse
2. to argue; to dispute
3. to litigate
4. sixth hexagram of the I Ching

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Japanese

Kanji

訟

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

1. sue
2. accuse

Readings

• Go-on: じゅ (ju); ず (zu)
• Kan-on: しょう (shō, Jōyō)
• Kun: あらそう (arasou, 訟う); うったえる (uttaeru, 訟える)

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Korean

Hanja

訟 • (song) (hangeul 송, revised song, McCune–Reischauer song, Yale song)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.