鑿

See also: 凿

Translingual

Han character

鑿 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+19, 27 strokes, cangjie input 廿水金 (TEC), four-corner 3710₉, composition ⿱𣫞金)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1327, character 29
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 41088
• Dae Jaweon: page 1829, character 4
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 6, page 4277, character 7
• Unihan data for U+947F

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Chinese

trad.		鑿
simp.		凿

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (丵) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
鑿	*ʔsoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ
糳	*ʔsoːwɢ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *ʔsoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ, *zoːwɢ) : semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 𥽿 ().

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): záo, zuò

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄠˊ, ㄗㄨㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zok⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): chho̍k
• Eastern Min (BUC): chĕ̤k
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): chha̍k / cho̍k

  (Teochew, Peng'im): cag⁸

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: záo
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: záo
    • Wade–Giles: tsao²
    • Yale: dzáu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzaur
    • Palladius: цзао (czao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑʊ̯³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, literary variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zuò
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zuò
    • Wade–Giles: tso⁴
    • Yale: dzwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuoh
    • Palladius: цзо (czo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zok⁶
    • Yale: johk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzok⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zog⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːk̚²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chho̍k
    • Hakka Romanization System: cog
    • Hagfa Pinyim: cog⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /t͡sʰok̚⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: chĕ̤k
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰøyʔ⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chha̍k
    • Tâi-lô: tsha̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhak
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sʰak̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /t͡sʰak̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰak̚²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cho̍k
    • Tâi-lô: tso̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zok
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sɔk̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡sɔk̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /t͡sɔk̚⁴/

Note:

• chha̍k - vernacular;
• cho̍k - literary.

• (Teochew)
  • Peng'im: cag⁸
  • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsha̍k
  • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰak̚⁴/

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• Middle Chinese: dzak

Rime
Character	鑿
Reading #	3/3
Initial (聲)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	在各切
Baxter	dzak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡zɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zak̚/
Li Rong	/d͡zɑk̚/
Wang Li	/d͡zɑk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/d͡zʱɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zuó
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zok6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[dz]ˤawk/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	鑿	鑿
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	záo	záo
Middle Chinese	‹ dzak ›	‹ dzowk ›
Old Chinese	/*[dz]ˁawk/	/*[dz]ˁawk/
English	chisel	chisel
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 鑿

1. chisel
2. tool to tattoo (as a punishment)
3. to tattoo criminals on the face or forehead
4. to bore, to pierce
5. to dig
6. to break ground
7. to interpret (in a strained manner)​
8. to change
9. orifice, aperture
10. feeling, emotion
11. to beat
12. (Beijing Mandarin) to beat forcefully

    大清早兒的，誰在外面鑿門呢？ [dialectal Mandarin, trad.]
    大清早儿的，谁在外面凿门呢？ [dialectal Mandarin, simp.]

    Dà qīngzǎor de, shéi zài wàimian záo mén ne? [Pinyin]

    Who is outside banging on the door in the early morning?

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): záo, zuò

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄠˊ, ㄗㄨㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zok⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: záo
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: záo
    • Wade–Giles: tsao²
    • Yale: dzáu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzaur
    • Palladius: цзао (czao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑʊ̯³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, literary variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zuò
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zuò
    • Wade–Giles: tso⁴
    • Yale: dzwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuoh
    • Palladius: цзо (czo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zok⁶
    • Yale: johk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzok⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zog⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːk̚²/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 鑿

1. hole, mortise
2. tunnel

Pronunciation 3

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): záo, zuò

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄠˊ, ㄗㄨㄛˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zok⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland and Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: záo
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: záo
    • Wade–Giles: tsao²
    • Yale: dzáu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzaur
    • Palladius: цзао (czao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɑʊ̯³⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, literary variant)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zuò
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄛˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zuò
    • Wade–Giles: tso⁴
    • Yale: dzwò
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzuoh
    • Palladius: цзо (czo)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su̯ɔ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: zok⁶
    • Yale: johk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzok⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zog⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔːk̚²/

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• Middle Chinese: tsak

Rime
Character	鑿
Reading #	2/3
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	鐸 (103)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	則落切
Baxter	tsak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sɑk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sɑk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sak̚/
Li Rong	/t͡sɑk̚/
Wang Li	/t͡sɑk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡sɑk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zuo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zok3

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 鑿

1. real
2. to polish (rice)
3. polished rice
4. Used in 鑿鑿／凿凿 (záozáo).

Pronunciation 4

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zú (zu²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄗㄨˊ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zú
    • Zhuyin: ㄗㄨˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: zú
    • Wade–Giles: tsu²
    • Yale: dzú
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzwu
    • Palladius: цзу (czu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡su³⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: dzuwk

Rime
Character	鑿
Reading #	1/3
Initial (聲)	從 (15)
Final (韻)	屋 (3)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	昨木切
Baxter	dzuwk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/d͡zuk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/d͡zuk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/d͡zuk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/d͡zəwk̚/
Li Rong	/d͡zuk̚/
Wang Li	/d͡zuk̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/d͡zʱuk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zú
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zuk6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*zoːwɢ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鑿
Reading #	4/4
No.	18074
Phonetic component	丵
Rime group	屋
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	族
Old Chinese	/*zoːwɢ/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 鑿

1. to carve
2. (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 鏃／镞 (zú, “arrow”).

(deprecated template usage)

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Japanese

Kanji

鑿

(Hyōgai kanji)

Readings

• On (unclassified): さく (saku)、そう (sō)
• Kun: のみ (nomi, 鑿)、うがつ (ugatsu, 鑿つ)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
鑿
のみ Hyōgai
kun'yomi

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

鑿(のみ) • (nomi) 

1. chisel

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Korean

Hanja

鑿 • (chak, jo) (hangeul 착, 조, revised chak, jo, McCune–Reischauer ch'ak, cho, Yale chak, co)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 鑿 (tạc, toạc)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.