魁

Translingual

Han character

魁 (Kangxi radical 194, 鬼+4, 14 strokes, cangjie input 竹戈卜十 (HIYJ), four-corner 2421₀, composition ⿺鬼斗)

Derived characters

• 櫆, 𢷪, 𤁔, 𨣫, 𪇫, 𬞴, 𬬖, 𡦶

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1461, character 9
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 45785
• Dae Jaweon: page 1994, character 18
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4429, character 13
• Unihan data for U+9B41

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Chinese

trad.		魁
simp. #		魁

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (鬼) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

	Old Chinese
謉	*tkuːlʔ, *krul
瑰	*kuːl, *ɡuːl
傀	*kuːl, *kʰuːlʔ
藱	*kuːl
魁	*kʰuːl
磈	*kʰuːlʔ, *qulʔ
塊	*kʰuːls, *kʰruːds
嵬	*ŋɡuːl, *ŋɡuːlʔ
隗	*ŋɡuːlʔ
槐	*ɡuːl, *ɡruːl
瘣	*ɡuːlʔ
廆	*ɡuːlʔ
溾	*ɡuːlʔ, *qruːl
螝	*ɡuːls, *krul
褢	*ɡruːl
騩	*krul, *kruls, *kul
愧	*kruls
媿	*kruls
聭	*kruls
餽	*ɡruls
鬼	*kulʔ
魏	*ŋɡuls
巍	*ŋul
犩	*ŋul, *ŋuls

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation 1

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kuí (kui²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄟˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): fui¹
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): khùi
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): khe / khoe

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kuí
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄟˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kuéi
    • Wade–Giles: kʻuei²
    • Yale: kwéi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kwei
    • Palladius: куй (kuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: fui¹
    • Yale: fūi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fui¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: fui¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fuːi̯⁵⁵/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: khùi
    • Hakka Romanization System: kui^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: kui²
    • Sinological IPA: /kʰu̯i¹¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khe
    • Tâi-lô: khe
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qef
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kʰe⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: khoe
    • Tâi-lô: khue
    • Phofsit Daibuun: qoef
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /kʰue⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kʰue³³/

Note:

• khe - vernacular;
• khoe - literary.

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• Middle Chinese: khwoj

Rime
Character	魁
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	灰 (42)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	苦回切
Baxter	khwoj
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰuʌi/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰuoi/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰuɒi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰwəj/
Li Rong	/kʰuᴀi/
Wang Li	/kʰuɒi/
Bernard Karlgren	/kʰuɑ̆i/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kuī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fui1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[kʰ]ˤuj/

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰuːl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	魁	魁	魁
Reading #	1/3	2/3	3/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	kuí	kuí	kuí
Middle Chinese	‹ khwoj ›	‹ khwoj ›	‹ khwoj ›
Old Chinese	/*[kʰ]ˁuj/	/*[kʰ]ˁuj/	/*[kʰ]ˁuj/
English	great; principal; chief	spoon	mound
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	魁
Reading #	1/1
No.	4663
Phonetic component	鬼
Rime group	微
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	恢
Old Chinese	/*kʰuːl/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 魁

1. first; leading
2. chief; leader
3. tall and big monstruous
4. (literary) dipper; spoon
5. the best

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kuài (kuai⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄞˋ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kuài
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄞˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kuài
    • Wade–Giles: kʻuai⁴
    • Yale: kwài
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kuay
    • Palladius: куай (kuaj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯aɪ̯⁵¹/

Definitions

(deprecated template usage) 魁

1. ^† (deprecated template usage) Alternative form of 塊／块 (kuài).

   • 志乎期費者，唯賈人也，人見其跂，猶之魁然。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     志乎期费者，唯贾人也，人见其跂，犹之魁然。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Zhuangzi, circa 3^rd – 2^nd centuries BCE

     Zhì hū qī fèi zhě, wéi gǔrén yě, rén jiàn qí qí, yóu zhī kuài rán. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   • 今世之處士，魁然無徒，廓然獨居。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     今世之处士，魁然无徒，廓然独居。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Han, circa 1^st century CE

     Jīnshì zhī chùshì, kuài rán wú tú, kuò rán dújū. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

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Japanese

Kanji

魁

(Jinmeiyō kanji)

1. One who charges ahead of others
2. A leader/forerunner

Readings

• Go-on: け (ke)
• Kan-on: かい (kai)^{←くわい (kwai, historical)}
• Kun: かしら (kashira, 魁); さきがけ (sakigake, 魁)

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Korean

Hanja

魁 • (goe) (hangeul 괴, revised goe, McCune–Reischauer koe, Yale koy)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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Vietnamese

Han character

(deprecated template usage) 魁 (khôi)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.