斗

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斗 U+6597, 斗
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6597
← 斖
[U+6596]		 CJK Unified Ideographs 斘 →
[U+6598]
See also: 鬥 and 头

Translingual[edit]

Stroke order
斗-order.gif
Shinjitai 闘
Simplified 斗
Traditional 鬥/鬭

Han character[edit]

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See images of
Radical 68 斗

斗 (radical 68 斗+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 卜十 (YJ), four-corner 34000)

  1. Kangxi radical #68, ⽃ (“dipper”).

Derived characters[edit]

References[edit]

  • KangXi: page 477, character 24
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13489
  • Dae Jaweon: page 835, character 27
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2252, character 1
  • Unihan data for U+6597

Chinese[edit]

Glyph origin[edit]

Historical forms of the character 斗
Oracle bone script Bronze inscriptions Bamboo and silk script Large seal script Small seal script
斗-oracle.svg 斗-bronze.svg 斗-silk.svg 斗-bigseal.svg 斗-seal.svg
Characters in the same phonetic series (斗) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
斗 *toːʔ
抖 *toːʔ
蚪 *toːʔ
枓 *toːʔ, *tjoʔ
阧 *toːʔ
斢 *tʰoːʔ
鈄 *tʰoːʔ

Pictogram (象形) (Shuowen), indicating a ladle-shaped dou (see below) held by hand.

Etymology 1[edit]

simp. and trad.
 斗
alt. forms 𤣫
𠦁
𣁬

Pronunciations 1 (“dipper, ladle”) and 2 (“water ladle”) are cognate. Variant character: 枓 (dǒu, “ladle”). They probably belong to the same word family as 注 (OC *tjos, “to pour”), as a derived noun. Within Sino-Tibetan, compare Tibetan ཆུ (chu, “water”), འཆུ ('chu, “to scoop up, to ladle water”).

Pronunciation 1[edit]

Note:
  • táu - vernacular;
  • tió/tó͘ - literary.
Rime
Character 斗
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 端 (5)
Final (韻) 侯 (137)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) I
Fanqie 當口切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /təuX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /təuX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /təuX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /təwX/
Li
Rong		 /tuX/
Wang
Li		 /təuX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /tə̯uX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 dǒu
Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 斗
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 dǒu
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tuwX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*tˤoʔ/
English bushel; ladle

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 斗
Reading # 1/1
No. 2451
Phonetic
component		 斗
Rime
group		 侯
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 斗
Old
Chinese		 /*toːʔ/
Definitions[edit]

斗

  1. A dipper or cup-like object, used in ancient China as a wine vessel.
    • 斗量  ―  dǒuliàng  ―  to measure with dou; numerous
    • 斗筲  ―  dǒushāo  ―  dou and xiao; humble; insignificant
  2. Any dou-shaped object; dipper, ladle.
    漏斗  ―  lòudǒu  ―  funnel
    熨斗  ―  yùndǒu  ―  flatiron
    • 煙斗 / 烟斗  ―  yāndǒu  ―  tobacco pipe
    • 風斗 / 风斗  ―  fēngdǒu  ―  wind scoop
    • 水斗  ―  shuǐdǒu  ―  water ladle
    • 墨斗  ―  mòdǒu  ―  carpenter's ink marker
    • 抽斗  ―  chōudǒu  ―  drawer
    • 斗笠  ―  dǒulì  ―  wide-brimmed rain hat
    • 斗篷  ―  dǒupéng  ―  cape, cloak
  3. Round or spiral shaped; fingerprint (a dactylogram)
  4. A unit of dry measure (for grains, especially rice) roughly equal to 1 decaliter.
  5. A unit of measure based on dou.
    • 升斗  ―  shēngdǒu  ―  sheng and dou; a small amount
  6. (figuratively) small, short, narrow (as with a dipper)
    • 斗室  ―  dǒushì  ―  small room
  7. (figuratively) big, high, to be full of (as with a dipper)
  8. Stars in general.
    • 星斗  ―  xīngdǒu  ―  stars
  9. (北斗) The Big Dipper, an asterism of seven stars.
  10. (斗宿) The Dipper (Chinese constellation), one of the twenty-eight mansions of the Chinese constellations.
  11. (南斗) A subconstellation of the above mansion, consisting of six stars.
  12. (小北斗) The Little Dipper, a constellation of six stars.
  13. A Chinese constellation (星官) consisting of five stars.
  14. Short for 刁斗 (“cauldron, cymbal”).
  15. Short for 科斗 (“tadpole”).
  16. (斗姆) Doumu, a goddess in Taoism.
  17. Alternative form of 枓 (“the system of wood brackets on the top of a column supporting the crossbeam”).
    • 斗拱  ―  dǒugǒng  ―  corbel bracket
  18. Alternative form of 陡 (dǒu, “steep, cliffy”).
  19. Alternative form of 陡 (dǒu, “suddenly, in a sudden”).
  20. Alternative form of 抖 (dǒu, “to tremble, to shake off”).
Compounds[edit]
Derived terms from 斗

Pronunciation 2[edit]

Baxter-Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 斗
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zhǔ
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsyuX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*toʔ/
English ladle

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter-Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Definitions[edit]

斗

  1. A unit of measure for liquids.
  2. Alternative form of 枓 (“ladle or spoon used for scooping water”).
  3. Alternative form of 主 (zhǔ, “master, God”).

Etymology 2[edit]

For pronunciation and definitions of 斗 – see 鬥 (“to fight”).
(This character, 斗, is the simplified form of 鬥.)
Notes:

Etymology 3[edit]

For pronunciation and definitions of 斗 – see 陡.
(This character, 斗, is the second-round simplified form of 陡.)
Notes:

Japanese[edit]

Kanji[edit]

斗

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

  1. a unit of liquid measure

Readings[edit]

Compounds[edit]

Compounds

Noun[edit]

斗 (hiragana と, rōmaji to)

  1. an obsolete unit of liquid measure equal to 18 liters or 18000 cc.

Korean[edit]

Hanja[edit]

斗 • (du) (hangeul 두)

  1. (말 두): measure of about 18 liters; such measuring vessel
  2. (조두 두): cauldron; cymbal
  3. (구기 두): dipper, ladle
  4. (별이름 두): asterism around Polaris such as Big Dipper and Little Dipper

Synonyms[edit]

  • (cauldron): 刁

Coordinate terms[edit]

  • (unit): 合 (홉, hob, 1⁄100 mal); 升 (승, seung, 1⁄10 mal); 石 (섬, seom, 10-20 mal)

Compounds[edit]

References[edit]

Vietnamese[edit]

Han character[edit]

斗 (đẩu, đấu, điếu, tẩu)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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