斗
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Translingual
[edit]Stroke order | |||
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Japanese | 闘 |
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Simplified | 斗 |
Traditional | 鬥/鬭 |
Han character
[edit]斗 (Kangxi radical 68, 斗+0, 4 strokes, cangjie input 卜十 (YJ), four-corner 34000, composition ⿻㇀丨⺀)
- Kangxi radical #68, ⽃.
Derived characters
[edit]- Appendix:Chinese radical/斗
- 𬽫, 呌, 㘰, 𡯏, 㞳, 𢗸, 㳆, 𭷾, 阧, 䢏, 𪰍, 枓, 𭮃, 𣬯, 炓, 𤓺, 㸯, 㺶, 𦙒, 𤯘, 䀞, 𥐿, 科, 𧘞, 𭑎, 紏, 蚪, 𧠕, 䚵(𬣟), 𧴼, 﨣, 𧿫, 酙, 𬻢, 𠒚, 鈄(钭), 𫖗, 𬖠, 𩫄, 𩰮, 魁, 𩵬, 𩿚, 𪌉, 𣙞, 𪖘, 𮯁 𰂤
- 𩑯, 𬷄, 乧, 𣃜, 𥁇, 㖍, 𡗴, 𡰷, 戽, 𦮜, 𫁵, 𮪿, 𪚛, 閗(𫔯), 鬦
References
[edit]- Kangxi Dictionary: page 477, character 24
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13489
- Dae Jaweon: page 835, character 27
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 2252, character 1
- Unihan data for U+6597
Chinese
[edit]Glyph origin
[edit]Historical forms of the character 斗 | ||||||
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Shang | Spring and Autumn | Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) | ||
Oracle bone script | Bronze inscriptions | Bronze inscriptions | Chu slip and silk script | Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
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Pictogram (象形) (Shuowen), indicating a ladle-shaped dou (see below) held by hand.
Etymology 1
[edit]simp. and trad. |
斗 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 𤣫 𠦁 𣁬 |
Pronunciations 1 (“dipper, ladle”) and 2 (“water ladle”) are cognate. Variant character: 枓 (zhǔ, “ladle”). They probably belong to the same word family as 注 (OC *tjos, “to pour”), as a derived noun. Within Sino-Tibetan, compare Tibetan ཆུ (chu, “water”), འཆུ ('chu, “to scoop up, to ladle water”) and Burmese တို့ (tui., “to dip; large basket”).
Pronunciation 1
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): dou3
- Cantonese
- Gan (Wiktionary): deu3
- Hakka
- Jin (Wiktionary): dou2
- Northern Min (KCR): dě
- Eastern Min (BUC): dāu
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): táu / tó͘ / tió
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 5teu
- Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): dou3
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄉㄡˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: dǒu
- Wade–Giles: tou3
- Yale: dǒu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: doou
- Palladius: доу (dou)
- Sinological IPA (key): /toʊ̯²¹⁴/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: dou3
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: dou
- Sinological IPA (key): /təu⁵³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: dau2
- Yale: dáu
- Cantonese Pinyin: dau2
- Guangdong Romanization: deo2
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɐu̯³⁵/
- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
- Wiktionary: eu2
- Sinological IPA (key): /eu⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Gan
- (Nanchang)
- Wiktionary: deu3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tɛu²¹³/
- (Nanchang)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: téu
- Hakka Romanization System: deuˋ
- Hagfa Pinyim: deu3
- Sinological IPA: /teu̯³¹/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
- Jin
- (Taiyuan)+
- Wiktionary: dou2
- Sinological IPA (old-style): /təu⁵³/
- (Taiyuan)+
- Northern Min
- (Jian'ou)
- Kienning Colloquial Romanized: dě
- Sinological IPA (key): /te²¹/
- (Jian'ou)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dāu
- Sinological IPA (key): /tau³³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tó͘
- Tâi-lô: tóo
- Phofsit Daibuun: dor
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei): /tɔ⁵³/
- IPA (Kaohsiung): /tɔ⁴¹/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tió
- Tâi-lô: tió
- Phofsit Daibuun: dioir
- IPA (Quanzhou): /tio⁵⁵⁴/
- táu - vernacular;
- tó͘/tió - literary.
- Middle Chinese: tuwX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*tˤoʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*toːʔ/
Definitions
[edit]斗
- (historical) A dipper or cup-like object, used in ancient China as a wine vessel.
- Any dou-shaped object; dipper, ladle.
- Round or spiral shaped; fingerprint (a dactylogram)
- A unit of dry measure (for grains, especially rice) roughly equal to 1 decaliter.
- A unit of measure based on dou.
- 升斗 ― shēngdǒu ― sheng and dou; a small amount
- (figurative) small, short, narrow (as with a dipper)
- 斗室 ― dǒushì ― small room
- (figurative) big, high, to be full of (as with a dipper)
- Stars in general.
- 星斗 ― xīngdǒu ― stars
- (北斗) The Big Dipper, an asterism of seven stars.
- (~宿) (Chinese astronomy) Dipper (one of Twenty-Eight Mansions)
- (南斗) A subconstellation of the above mansion, consisting of six stars.
- (小北斗) The Little Dipper, a constellation of six stars.
- A Chinese constellation (星官) consisting of five stars.
- Short for 刁斗 (“cauldron, cymbal”).
- Short for 科斗 (“tadpole”).
- (斗姆) Doumu, a goddess in Taoism.
- Alternative form of 枓 (dǒu, “the system of wood brackets on the top of a column supporting the crossbeam”)
- 斗拱 ― dǒugǒng ― corbel bracket
- Alternative form of 陡 (dǒu, “steep, cliffy”)
- Alternative form of 陡 (dǒu, “suddenly, in a sudden”)
- Alternative form of 抖 (dǒu, “to tremble, to shake off”)
Compounds
[edit]- 一天星斗
- 三斗坪 (Sāndǒupíng)
- 不為五斗米折腰 (bù wèi wǔ dǒu mǐ zhéyāo)
- 久仰山斗
- 五斗折腰
- 五斗櫃 (wǔdǒuguì)
- 五斗米
- 五斗米道
- 五斗解酲
- 便斗 (biàndǒu)
- 八斗之才
- 八斗子
- 八斗才 (bādǒucái)
- 八斗陳思
- 公斗
- 冰斗 (bīngdǒu)
- 刁斗
- 北斗 (Běidǒu)
- 北斗七星 (Běidǒu Qīxīng)
- 升斗
- 升斗之祿
- 升斗小民
- 南箕北斗
- 告天拜斗
- 大斗
- 大斗小秤
- 孔章望斗
- 家無斗儲/家无斗储
- 尺寸斗粟
- 尺布斗粟
- 尺板斗食
- 山斗 (shāndòu)
- 巴斗 (bādǒu)
- 志沖斗牛
- 戽斗 (hùdǒu)
- 才儲八斗
- 才當曹斗
- 才高八斗 (cáigāobādǒu)
- 打筋斗
- 折腰五斗
- 折腰升斗
- 抽斗 (chōudǒu)
- 拜斗
- 拋輾斗/抛辗斗 (pha-liàn-táu) (Min Nan)
- 捙畚斗 (chhia-pùn-táu) (Min Nan)
- 掛斗 (guàdǒu)
- 掊斗折衡
- 搬斗
- 摔筋斗
- 文章星斗
- 斗儲
- 斗六 (Dǒuliù)
- 斗升
- 斗升之水
- 斗升之祿
- 斗南 (Dǒunán)
- 斗南一人
- 斗城
- 斗大
- 斗姥 (Dǒumǔ)
- 斗姥元君 (Dǒumǔ Yuánjūn)
- 斗子
- 斗室 (dǒushì)
- 斗室生輝
- 斗居 (dǒujū)
- 斗山 (Dǒushān)
- 斗帳
- 斗府
- 斗店
- 斗拱
- 斗斛之祿
- 斗方
- 斗方名士
- 斗杓
- 斗杓東指
- 斗杓轉勢/斗杓转势
- 斗柄
- 斗栱
- 斗極
- 斗概
- 斗渠
- 斗湖堤 (Dǒuhúdī)
- 斗然
- 斗燈
- 斗牛 (dǒuniú)
- 斗笠 (dǒulì)
- 斗筲
- 斗筲之人
- 斗筲之器
- 斗筲之徒
- 斗筲之才
- 斗筲之材
- 斗筲之輩
- 斗筲小器
- 斗筲役
- 斗筲穿窬
- 斗箕
- 斗篷 (dǒupéng)
- 斗粟囊金
- 斗粟尺布
- 斗紋
- 斗絕
- 斗絕一隅
- 斗膽 (dǒudǎn)
- 斗蓬裝
- 斗藪
- 斗車
- 斗轉參橫/斗转参横
- 斗轉星移 (dǒuzhuǎnxīngyí)
- 斗酒 (dǒujiǔ)
- 斗酒學士
- 斗酒百篇
- 斗酒隻雞/斗酒只鸡
- 斗重山齊
- 斗量車載/斗量车载
- 斗門 (dǒumén)
- 斗頓
- 斗食
- 斗香
- 斗魁
- 斗齋
- 日進斗金
- 星斗 (xīngdǒu)
- 星移斗轉
- 栽觔斗
- 橡斗
- 步斗踏罡
- 步罡踏斗
- 氣克斗牛
- 氣吞牛斗
- 氣沖斗牛/气冲斗牛
- 氣沖牛斗/气冲牛斗
- 沒量斗
- 泰山北斗 (tàishānběidǒu)
- 泰斗 (tàidǒu)
- 漏斗 (lòudǒu)
- 漏斗器
- 漏斗管
- 滴水漏斗
- 火斗
- 無梁斗
- 煙斗 (yāndǒu)
- 熅斗
- 熨斗 (yùndǒu)
- 玉斗
- 珠斗爛班
- 畚斗 (běndǒu)
- 番張跟斗
- 科斗文
- 科斗書
- 秤平斗滿
- 移星換斗
- 積金至斗
- 穿跟斗
- 笆斗 (bādǒu)
- 筋斗
- 筋斗雲
- 筲斗
- 箕斗
- 紫微斗數 (zǐwēi dǒu shù)
- 維斗
- 翻筋斗 (fān jīndǒu)
- 翻跟斗
- 翻過筋斗
- 老斗
- 腮斗
- 膽大如斗
- 菸斗 (yāndǒu)
- 菸斗絲/烟斗丝
- 觔斗
- 觔斗雲/斤斗云
- 豐城貫斗/丰城贯斗
- 車斗
- 車載斗量/车载斗量 (chēzàidǒuliàng)
- 金印如斗
- 金斗 (jīndǒu)
- 銅斗兒/铜斗儿
- 銅斗家私
- 銅斗家計/铜斗家计
- 錢過北斗/钱过北斗
- 鐎斗
- 門斗
- 阿斗 (ādǒu)
- 雙柑斗酒
- 電熨斗 (diànyùndǒu)
- 風斗
- 香斗
- 墨斗 (mòdǒu)
- 墨斗魚 (mòdǒuyú)
Descendants
[edit](Unit of dry measure)
- → Tocharian B: tau
Pronunciation 2
[edit]- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄓㄨˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: jhǔ
- Wade–Giles: chu3
- Yale: jǔ
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juu
- Palladius: чжу (čžu)
- Sinological IPA (key): /ʈ͡ʂu²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
Definitions
[edit]斗
- A unit of measure for liquids.
- Alternative form of 枓 (“ladle or spoon used for scooping water”)
- Alternative form of 主 (“master, God”)
Etymology 2
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 斗 – see 鬥 (“to fight; to struggle; to make animals fight; etc.”). (This character is the simplified form of 鬥). |
Notes:
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Etymology 3
[edit]For pronunciation and definitions of 斗 – see 陡 (“steep; sloping; abruptly; suddenly; etc.”). (This character is the second-round simplified form of 陡). |
Notes:
|
Etymology 4
[edit]simp. and trad. |
斗 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 搗/捣 捯 |
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
[edit]- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): táu
Definitions
[edit]斗
- (Hokkien) time; an instance or occurrence
Synonyms
[edit]Etymology 5
[edit]simp. and trad. |
斗 | |
---|---|---|
alternative forms | 啄 罩 |
Pronunciation
[edit]Definitions
[edit]斗
- (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) snare; trap (especially with a trigger)
- (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to snare; to catch in a trap; to ensnare
- (Xiamen and Taiwanese Hokkien, possibly dated) to catch between two sticks
- (Xiamen and Taiwanese Hokkien, possibly dated) to fasten a latch or small bolt
- (Taiwanese Hokkien, in general, possibly dated) to engage a trigger with a click sound (of a gun, trap, etc.)
- (Taiwanese Hokkien, in general, possibly dated) device with a trigger
Compounds
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji
[edit]- a unit of liquid measure
Readings
[edit]- Go-on: つ (tsu)
- Kan-on: とう (tō)
- Kan’yō-on: と (to, Jōyō)
- Kun: ます (masu, 斗); ひしゃく (hishaku, 斗); とます (tomasu, 斗)
Compounds
[edit]- 北斗 (hokuto): the Big Dipper; the North Star
Noun
[edit]- an obsolete unit of liquid measure equal to about 18 liters (18,000 cm³)
Korean
[edit]Hanja
[edit]- hanja form? of 두 (“measure of about 18 liters; such measuring vessel”)
- hanja form? of 두 (“cauldron; cymbal”)
- hanja form? of 두 (“dipper, ladle”)
- hanja form? of 두 (“asterism around Polaris such as Big Dipper and Little Dipper”)
Synonyms
[edit]- (cauldron): 刁
Coordinate terms
[edit]Compounds
[edit]References
[edit]Old Korean
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Reconstructed *twu- after both the Middle Korean reflex and the Sino-Korean reading.
Verb
[edit]斗 (*twu-)
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- 황선엽 (Hwang Seon-yeop), 이전경 (Yi Jeon-gyeong), 하귀녀 (Ha Gwi-nyeo), 이용 (Yi Yong), 박진호 (Park Jin-ho), 김성주 (Kim Seong-ju), 장경준 (Jang Gyeong-jun), 서민욱 (Seo Min-uk), 이지영 (Yi Ji-yeong), 서형국 (Seo Hyeong-guk). (2009) 석독구결사전/釋讀口訣辭典 [Dictionary of interpretive gugyeol], Bakmunsa, →ISBN, pages 76—84
Vietnamese
[edit]Han character
[edit]斗: Hán Nôm readings: đẩu, đấu, điếu, tẩu
- This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text
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