沐浴

Chinese

		bathe; cleanse; receive favours	bath; to bathe
simp. and trad. (沐浴)		沐	浴

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): mùyù

  (Zhuyin): ㄇㄨˋ ㄩˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): muk⁶ juk⁶
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): bo̍k-io̍k / bo̍k-e̍k

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: mùyù
    • Zhuyin: ㄇㄨˋ ㄩˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: mùyù
    • Wade–Giles: mu⁴-yü⁴
    • Yale: mù-yù
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: muhyuh
    • Palladius: муюй (mujuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mu⁵¹⁻⁵³ y⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: muk⁶ juk⁶
    • Yale: muhk yuhk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: muk⁹ juk⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: mug⁶ yug⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /mʊk̚² jʊk̚²/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bo̍k-io̍k
    • Tâi-lô: bo̍k-io̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bog'iok
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /bɔk̚⁴⁻³² iɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /bɔk̚²⁴⁻² iɔk̚²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bo̍k-e̍k
    • Tâi-lô: bo̍k-i̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: bog'ek
    • IPA (Xiamen): /bɔk̚⁴⁻³² iɪk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /bɔk̚¹²¹⁻²¹ iɪk̚¹²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: muwk yowk

Rime
Character	沐	浴
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	屋 (3)	燭 (8)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	莫卜切	余蜀切
Baxter	muwk	yowk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/muk̚/	/jɨok̚/
Pan Wuyun	/muk̚/	/jiok̚/
Shao Rongfen	/muk̚/	/iok̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/məwk̚/	/juawk̚/
Li Rong	/muk̚/	/iok̚/
Wang Li	/muk̚/	/jĭwok̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/muk̚/	/i̯wok̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mù	yù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	muk6	juk6

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*moːɡ  loɡ/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	沐	浴
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	9328	4304
Phonetic component	木	谷
Rime group	屋	屋
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	木	欲
Old Chinese	/*moːɡ/	/*loɡ/

Verb

沐浴

1. to take a bath or shower; to wash oneself; to bathe

   • 雖有惡人，齋戒沐浴，則可以祀上帝。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     虽有恶人，斋戒沐浴，则可以祀上帝。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mencius, c. 4^th century BCE

     Suī yǒu èrén, zhāijiè mùyù, zé kě yǐ sì Shàngdì. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. (of light) to be bathed in
3. (figuratively) to be immersed in

Synonyms

• (to take a shower; to take a bath):

Dialectal synonyms of 洗澡 (“to take a shower or bath”) [map]

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		洗澡, 沐浴
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	洗澡
	Taiwan	洗澡
	Harbin	洗澡兒
	Shenyang	洗澡兒
	Malaysia	沖涼
	Singapore	沖涼
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	洗澡
Jiaoliao Mandarin	Yantai (Muping)	洗澡
Central Plains Mandarin	Wanrong	洗澡
	Xi'an	洗澡
	Xining	洗澡
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	洗澡
	Ürümqi	洗澡兒
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	洗澡
	Wuhan	洗澡
	Guiyang	洗澡
	Kunming	洗澡
	Guilin	洗澡
	Lipu	洗涼
	Liuzhou	洗身
Jianghuai Mandarin	Nanjing	洗澡
	Yangzhou	洗澡
	Hefei	洗澡, 抹澡
Cantonese	Guangzhou	沖涼, 洗身
	Hong Kong	沖涼, 洗白白 childish, 洗身 dated
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	洗身
	Hong Kong (Kam Tin Weitou)	沖涼, 洗身
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	沖涼, 洗身
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	沖涼, 洗身
	Macau	沖涼
	Guangzhou (Panyu)	沖涼
	Guangzhou (Huashan, Huadu)	沖涼
	Guangzhou (Conghua)	沖涼, 洗身
	Guangzhou (Zengcheng)	沖涼, 洗身
	Foshan	沖涼
	Foshan (Shatou, Nanhai)	洗涼
	Foshan (Shunde)	沖涼
	Foshan (Sanshui)	沖涼, 洗身
	Foshan (Mingcheng, Gaoming)	洗身
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	洗身, 過身
	Zhuhai (Qianshan, Xiangzhou)	洗身
	Zhuhai (Shangheng, Doumen; Tanka)	洗身
	Zhuhai (Doumen)	沖涼, 洗身
	Jiangmen (Baisha)	洗身
	Jiangmen (Xinhui)	洗身
	Taishan	沖涼
	Kaiping (Chikan)	洗身
	Enping (Niujiang)	沖涼
	Heshan (Yayao)	洗身
	Dongguan	沖涼
	Shenzhen (Shajing, Bao'an)	沖涼
	Qingyuan	沖涼
	Fogang	沖涼, 洗身
	Yingde (Hanguang)	洗身
	Yangshan	洗身
	Lianshan (Butian)	洗身
	Lianzhou (Qingshui Sihui)	洗身
	Shaoguan	沖涼, 洗身
	Shaoguan (Qujiang)	洗身, 沖涼
	Renhua	沖涼, 洗身
	Lechang	洗身, 沖涼
	Zhaoqing (Gaoyao)	洗身
	Sihui	洗身
	Guangning	洗身
	Deqing	洗涼
	Huaiji	洗汗
	Fengkai (Nanfeng)	沖涼
	Yunfu	洗身
	Xinxing	洗身
	Luoding	洗身, 沖涼
	Yunan (Pingtai)	洗身
	Yangjiang	洗身
	Xinyi	洗身, 揩身
	Maoming (Xinpo)	洗身, 沖涼
	Lianjiang	沖涼, 洗身
	Wuchuan (Wuyang)	洗身
	Nanning	沖涼, 洗身
	Hepu (Lianzhou)	洗身
	Hepu (Shatian)	沖身, 沖涼
	Qinzhou	沖涼, 洗身
	Qinzhou (Xiniujiao)	沖涼, 洗身
	Beihai	洗身
	Beihai (Nankang)	沖涼
	Beihai (Yingpan)	洗身
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	洗身, 沖涼
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	沖涼
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	洗身, 沖涼
Dongxing	洗身
Danzhou	洗皮
Kuala Lumpur (Guangfu)	沖涼
Singapore (Guangfu)	沖涼
Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	沖涼
Móng Cái	洗身, 沖涼
Gan	Nanchang	洗澡
	Lichuan	做洗
	Pingxiang	洗澡
Hakka	Meixian	沖涼, 洗身, 洗身仔
	Dabu (Xihe)	洗身
	Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua)	沖涼, 洗身
	Huiyang	沖涼
	Dongguan (Qingxi)	沖涼
	Shenzhen (Shatoujiao)	沖涼
	Zhongshan (Nanlang Heshui)	沖涼
	Wuhua (Huacheng)	洗身
	Heyuan (Bendihua)	洗身
	Wengyuan	洗身
	Liannan	洗身
	Guangzhou (Lütian, Conghua)	洗身
	Jiexi	洗身
	Luhe	洗身
	Zhao'an (Xiuzhuan)	洗浴
	Changting	洗浴
	Wuping (Yanqian)	洗浴
	Ninghua	洗湯
	Yudu	洗澡
	Ningdu	洗湯
	Tonggu (Sandu)	洗身
	Ganzhou (Panlong)	洗澡
	Dayu	洗澡
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	沖涼, 洗身, 洗身腳
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	沖涼, 洗身, 洗身腳
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	沖涼, 洗身, 洗身腳
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	沖涼, 洗身, 洗浴, 洗身腳
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	沖涼, 洗浴, 洗浴腳
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	沖涼, 洗浴
	Hong Kong	沖涼
	Yangxi (Tangkou)	洗身
	Yangchun (Sanjia)	洗身
	Xinyi (Sihe)	洗身
	Xinyi (Qianpai)	洗身
	Gaozhou (Xindong)	洗身
	Maoming (Shalang, Dianbai)	洗身
	Huazhou (Xin'an)	洗身
	Lianjiang (Shijiao)	洗身, 沖涼
	Lianjiang (Qingping)	洗身
	Mengshan (Xihe)	洗身
	Luchuan	洗身
	Sabah (Longchuan)	沖涼
	Kuala Lumpur (Dabu)	沖涼
	Senai (Huiyang)	沖涼
	Kuching (Hepo)	洗涼
	Sungai Tapang, Batu Kawa (Hepo)	洗涼
	Singkawang	洗涼
Huizhou	Jixi	洗浴
Jin	Taiyuan	洗澡
	Xinzhou	洗澡
Northern Min	Jian'ou	洗浴
	Jian'ou (Dikou)	洗浴
	Zhenghe (Zhenqian)	洗浴, 洗身
	Pucheng (Shibei)	洗浴
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	洗湯, 洗身
	Fuzhou (Changle)	洗湯
	Fuqing	洗身
	Yongtai	洗身
	Gutian	洗浴
	Fu'an	洗湯
	Ningde	洗身
	Shouning	洗身
	Zhouning	洗完身
	Fuding	洗身體
Southern Min	Xiamen	洗身軀, 洗身, 洗浴, 灇浴 †
	Xiamen (Tong'an)	洗身軀
	Quanzhou	洗身軀, 洗身, 洗浴
	Jinjiang	洗身, 灇肉 †, 灇身 †
	Yongchun	洗身
	Zhangzhou	洗渾軀, 洗渾, 洗浴, 灇浴 †
	Zhangpu	洗渾軀
	Zhao'an	洗浴
	Taipei	洗身軀
	New Taipei (Sanxia)	洗身軀
	Kaohsiung	洗身軀, 洗胸軀
	Yilan	洗渾軀
	Changhua (Lukang)	洗身軀, 揉身軀
	Taichung	洗身軀, 洗胸軀
	Taichung (Wuqi)	洗身軀
	Tainan	洗身軀
	Taitung	洗胸軀
	Hsinchu	洗身軀
	Kinmen	洗身軀
	Penghu (Magong)	洗身軀
	Penang (Hokkien)	灇, 灇浴, 灇水
	Singapore (Hokkien)	灇水, 灇浴
	Manila (Hokkien)	洗身, 灇肉
	Medan (Hokkien)	灇水, 灇浴
	Chaozhou	洗浴
	Shantou	洗浴
	Shantou (Chenghai)	洗浴
	Shantou (Chaoyang)	洗浴
	Jieyang	洗浴, 灇浴 †
	Lufeng	洗浴, 洗身
	Haifeng	洗浴
	Bangkok (Teochew)	灇浴
	Johor Bahru (Teochew)	洗浴, 灇浴
	Singapore (Teochew)	灇浴
	Leizhou	沖涼, 洗浴
	Wenchang	洗浴, 洗熱
	Haikou	洗浴, 洗熱, 漴浴, 洗面 childish
	Singapore (Hainanese)	漴浴
Puxian Min	Putian	洗濯
	Putian (Donghai, Chengxiang)	洗濯
	Putian (Jiangkou, Hanjiang)	洗濯
	Putian (Nanri, Xiuyu)	洗身
	Xianyou	洗濯, 洗湯 in a hot spring
	Xianyou (Fengting)	洗濯
	Xianyou (Youyang)	洗濯
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	洗身
	Zhongshan (Sanxiang)	洗涼
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	洗身
Wu	Shanghai	汏浴, 淨浴, 淴浴 dated
	Suzhou	淴浴
	Danyang	洗浴
	Deqing	澡浴
	Hangzhou	洗浴, 汏浴
	Ningbo	汏浴
	Wenzhou	洗浴, 洗身體
	Lishui	洗浴
	Jinhua	洗浴
Xiang	Changsha	洗澡
	Loudi	洗澡
	Shuangfeng	洗澡
Note	† - (chiefly) to shower

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (沐浴):

• → Japanese: 沐浴(もくよく) (mokuyoku)
• → Korean: 목욕(沐浴) (mogyok)
• → Vietnamese: mộc dục (沐浴)

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Japanese

Kanji in this term
沐	浴
もく Hyōgai	よく Grade: 4
on'yomi

Noun

沐(もく)浴(よく) • (mokuyoku) 

1. bathing
2. ablutions, purification of oneself

Verb

沐(もく)浴(よく)する • (mokuyoku suru) intransitive suru (stem 沐(もく)浴(よく)し (mokuyoku shi), past 沐(もく)浴(よく)した (mokuyoku shita))

1. bathe
2. perform ablutions, purify oneself

Conjugation

Conjugation of "沐浴する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	沐浴し	もくよくし	mokuyoku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	沐浴し	もくよくし	mokuyoku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	沐浴する	もくよくする	mokuyoku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	沐浴する	もくよくする	mokuyoku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	沐浴すれ	もくよくすれ	mokuyoku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	沐浴せよ¹ 沐浴しろ²	もくよくせよ¹ もくよくしろ²	mokuyoku seyo¹ mokuyoku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	沐浴される	もくよくされる	mokuyoku sareru
Causative	沐浴させる 沐浴さす	もくよくさせる もくよくさす	mokuyoku saseru mokuyoku sasu
Potential	沐浴できる	もくよくできる	mokuyoku dekiru
Volitional	沐浴しよう	もくよくしよう	mokuyoku shiyō
Negative	沐浴しない	もくよくしない	mokuyoku shinai
Negative continuative	沐浴せず	もくよくせず	mokuyoku sezu
Formal	沐浴します	もくよくします	mokuyoku shimasu
Perfective	沐浴した	もくよくした	mokuyoku shita
Conjunctive	沐浴して	もくよくして	mokuyoku shite
Hypothetical conditional	沐浴すれば	もくよくすれば	mokuyoku sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

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Korean

Hanja in this term
沐	浴

Noun

沐浴 • (mogyok) (hangeul 목욕)

1. hanja form^? of 목욕 (“bath, bathing”)