alar

The all- forms derive from Early Medieval Latin alāre (attested in the Reichenau Glosses). This verb, a cognate of French aller and Friulian lâ, has traditionally been explained as deriving from Latin ambulāre via or together with amblar (compare Old French ambler, Italian ambiare, Romanian umbla), but this explanation is phonologically problematic. Several theories have been put forth since the 17th century to explain how ambulare could have become alar in Franco-Provençal and aller in French.^[1] Since at least the 18th century, some have suggested that French aller, and thus Franco-Provençal alar as well, derive not from Latin but from Celtic,^[2]^[3] Gaulish *aliu, from Proto-Celtic zero grade *ɸal-: compare Welsh elwyf (“I may go”), Cornish ellev (“I may go”), from full grade *ɸel- (see mynd for more). See French aller (“to go”).

Latin vādō (“go”) supplies the present tense forms and īre, present active infinitive of eō, supplies the future and conditional.

Verb[edit]

alar

to go

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of alar

		simple			compound
infinitive		alar			étre alâ
gerund		alent			étent alâ
auxiliary verb		étre
past participle		masculine			feminine
	singular	alâ			alâye
	plural	alâs			alâyes
		singular			plural
		1st person	2nd person	3rd person	1st person	2nd person	3rd person
indicative		jo (j')	tu (t')	il/elli	nos	vos	ils
	present	vé, véso	vas	vat	alens, vans	alâds	vant
	imperfect	alâvo	alâves	alâve	alâvans	alâvâds	alâvont
	preterite	alé	alés	alat	alens, alérens	alétes	aléront
	future	aleré, iré, veré¹	alerés, irés, verés¹	alerat, irat, verat¹	alerens, irens, verens¹	aleréds, iréds, veréds¹	aleront, iront, veront¹
	conditional	alerê, irê, verê¹	alerês, irês, verês¹	alerêt, irêt, verêt¹	alerans, irans, verans¹	alerâds, irâds, verâds¹	alerant, irant, verant¹
compound tenses	present perfect	present indicative of étre + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of étre + past participle
	past anterior	preterite indicative of étre + past participle
	future perfect	future indicative of étre + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of étre + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j')	que te (t')	qu'il/el	que nos	que vos	qu'ils/els
	present	âlyo	âlyes	âlye	alyens	alyâds	âlyont
	imperfect	alésso	alésses	alésse	aléssens	alésséds	aléssont
compound tenses	past	present subjunctive of étre + past participle
compound tenses	pluperfect	imperfect subjunctive of étre + past participle
imperative		—	te	—	nos	vos	—
			va		alens, vans	alâds	¹varies by region

References[edit]

^ 1939, D. A. Paton, On the origin of aller, in Studies in French Language and Mediaeval Literature, page 301: The opinion that ambulare is the origin of aller has been and is held by so many eminent etymologists that it is with some diffidence I venture to suggest another source. [...] By these suggestions I am not attempting to prove that aller and ambler are of different origin, but only to show that such a theory is not only possible, but probable. The real and to my mind insuperable objection to ambulare as the source of aller is the phonetic question, and here we find that the supporters of ambulare, in explaining its unique development, arrive at their common conclusion by entirely different routes. Ducange would take aller as coming from ambler. Schuchardt's reasoning is as follows: – ambulare to *ammulare to *amlare to aller. [...] More recently, Meyer-Lübke's view is that ambulare was simply contracted to *allare, the contraction being particularly natural in the imperative mood. Gammillscheg also points out that ambulate, used in the army as a word of command, would easily be shortened to *alate.
^ 1773, Charles Vallancey, A Grammar of the Iberno-Celtic, Or Irish Language, page 84: aill, go thou [...] from hence aller the French verb, to go
^ 1873, Louis A. Languellier, H. M. Monsanto, A pratical course with the French language, page 487: "words which [...] belong to the ancient Gallic or Celtic speech [...include] aller, to go"

Indonesian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Madurese [Term?].

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈalar/
Rhymes: -alar, -lar, -ar, -r

Noun[edit]

alar (plural alar-alar, first-person possessive alarku, second-person possessive alarmu, third-person possessive alarnya)

betel bud

Latin[edit]

Verb[edit]

alar

inflection of alō:
1. first-person singular future passive indicative
2. first-person singular present passive subjunctive

Old High German[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Proto-West Germanic *aliʀu.

Noun[edit]

alar m

alder
elder

Declension[edit]

Declension of alar (masculine a-stem)

case	singular	plural
nominative	alar	alara
accusative	alar	alara
genitive	alares	alaro
dative	alare	alarum
instrumental	alaru	—

References[edit]

Köbler, Gerhard, Althochdeutsches Wörterbuch, (6. Auflage) 2014

Old Irish[edit]

Verb[edit]

·alar

singular present indicative passive conjunct of ailid

Mutation[edit]

Old Irish mutation
Radical	Lenition	Nasalization
·alar	unchanged	·n-alar
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Portuguese[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

From ala +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation[edit]

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /aˈlaʁ/ [aˈlah]
- (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /aˈlaɾ/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /aˈlaʁ/ [aˈlaχ]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /aˈlaɻ/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐˈlaɾ/

Adjective[edit]

alar m or f (plural alares)

alar (relating to wings)

Etymology 2[edit]

From ala +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation[edit]

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /aˈla(ʁ)/ [aˈla(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /aˈla(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /aˈla(ʁ)/ [aˈla(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /aˈla(ɻ)/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐˈlaɾ/

Verb[edit]

alar (first-person singular present alo, first-person singular preterite alei, past participle alado)

to give wings

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of alar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	alar
Personal	alar	alares	alar	alarmos	alardes	alarem
Gerund
	alando
Past participle
Masculine	alado			alados
Feminine	alada			aladas
Indicative
Present	alo	alas	ala	alamos	alais	alam
Imperfect	alava	alavas	alava	alávamos	aláveis	alavam
Preterite	alei	alaste	alou	alamos¹, alámos²	alastes	alaram
Pluperfect	alara	alaras	alara	aláramos	aláreis	alaram
Future	alarei	alarás	alará	alaremos	alareis	alarão
Conditional
	alaria	alarias	alaria	alaríamos	alaríeis	alariam
Subjunctive
Present	ale	ales	ale	alemos	aleis	alem
Imperfect	alasse	alasses	alasse	alássemos	alásseis	alassem
Future	alar	alares	alar	alarmos	alardes	alarem
Imperative
Affirmative		ala	ale	alemos	alai	alem
Negative (não)		não ales	não ale	não alemos	não aleis	não alem

¹Brazil.
²Portugal.

Etymology 3[edit]

From Italian alare, from French haler.

Pronunciation[edit]

(Brazil) IPA^(key): /aˈla(ʁ)/ [aˈla(h)]
- (São Paulo) IPA^(key): /aˈla(ɾ)/
- (Rio de Janeiro) IPA^(key): /aˈla(ʁ)/ [aˈla(χ)]
- (Southern Brazil) IPA^(key): /aˈla(ɻ)/

(Portugal) IPA^(key): /ɐˈlaɾ/

Verb[edit]

alar (first-person singular present alo, first-person singular preterite alei, past participle alado)

to haul

Conjugation[edit]

Conjugation of alar (See Appendix:Portuguese verbs)

	Singular			Plural
	First-person (eu)	Second-person (tu)	Third-person (ele / ela / você)	First-person (nós)	Second-person (vós)	Third-person (eles / elas / vocês)
Infinitive
Impersonal	alar
Personal	alar	alares	alar	alarmos	alardes	alarem
Gerund
	alando
Past participle
Masculine	alado			alados
Feminine	alada			aladas
Indicative
Present	alo	alas	ala	alamos	alais	alam
Imperfect	alava	alavas	alava	alávamos	aláveis	alavam
Preterite	alei	alaste	alou	alamos¹, alámos²	alastes	alaram
Pluperfect	alara	alaras	alara	aláramos	aláreis	alaram
Future	alarei	alarás	alará	alaremos	alareis	alarão
Conditional
	alaria	alarias	alaria	alaríamos	alaríeis	alariam
Subjunctive
Present	ale	ales	ale	alemos	aleis	alem
Imperfect	alasse	alasses	alasse	alássemos	alásseis	alassem
Future	alar	alares	alar	alarmos	alardes	alarem
Imperative
Affirmative		ala	ale	alemos	alai	alem
Negative (não)		não ales	não ale	não alemos	não aleis	não alem

¹Brazil.
²Portugal.

Derived terms[edit]

alavanca

Spanish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From ala (“wing”) +‎ -ar.

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /aˈlaɾ/ [aˈlaɾ]
Rhymes: -aɾ
Syllabification: a‧lar

Adjective[edit]

alar m or f (masculine and feminine plural alares)

alar (having or resembling wings)

Noun[edit]

alar m (plural alares)

eaves
Synonym: alero

Swedish[edit]

Noun[edit]

alar

indefinite plural of al

Anagrams[edit]

arla

Tatar[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

alar

Latin spelling of алар (alar)

Welsh[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

IPA^(key): /ˈalar/, /ˈaːlar/

Noun[edit]

alar

Soft mutation of galar.

Mutation[edit]

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
galar	alar	ngalar	unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

[1] 1939, D. A. Paton, On the origin of aller, in Studies in French Language and Mediaeval Literature, page 301: The opinion that ambulare is the origin of aller has been and is held by so many eminent etymologists that it is with some diffidence I venture to suggest another source. [...] By these suggestions I am not attempting to prove that aller and ambler are of different origin, but only to show that such a theory is not only possible, but probable. The real and to my mind insuperable objection to ambulare as the source of aller is the phonetic question, and here we find that the supporters of ambulare, in explaining its unique development, arrive at their common conclusion by entirely different routes. Ducange would take aller as coming from ambler. Schuchardt's reasoning is as follows: – ambulare to *ammulare to *amlare to aller. [...] More recently, Meyer-Lübke's view is that ambulare was simply contracted to *allare, the contraction being particularly natural in the imperative mood. Gammillscheg also points out that ambulate, used in the army as a word of command, would easily be shortened to *alate.

[2] 1773, Charles Vallancey, A Grammar of the Iberno-Celtic, Or Irish Language, page 84: aill, go thou [...] from hence aller the French verb, to go

[3] 1873, Louis A. Languellier, H. M. Monsanto, A pratical course with the French language, page 487: "words which [...] belong to the ancient Gallic or Celtic speech [...include] aller, to go"

[1]

[2]

[3]

alar

English[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Adjective[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Translations[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Franco-Provençal[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Verb[edit]

Conjugation[edit]

References[edit]

Indonesian[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Latin[edit]

Verb[edit]

Old High German[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Noun[edit]

Declension[edit]

References[edit]

Old Irish[edit]

Verb[edit]

Mutation[edit]

Portuguese[edit]

Etymology 1[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

Etymology 2[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

Conjugation[edit]

Etymology 3[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Verb[edit]

Conjugation[edit]

Derived terms[edit]

Spanish[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Adjective[edit]

Noun[edit]

Further reading[edit]

Swedish[edit]

Noun[edit]

Anagrams[edit]

Tatar[edit]

Pronoun[edit]

Welsh[edit]

Pronunciation[edit]

Noun[edit]

Mutation[edit]

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