celt

See also: Celt, CELT, célt, and ceļt

English

Etymology

From Latin celtis (“chisel”), very probably a ghost word originating from a copyist's error in the Vulgate Bible, but taken as genuine and subsequently used in Medieval Latin.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /sɛlt/
• Rhymes: -ɛlt

Noun

celt (plural celts)

1. A prehistoric chisel-bladed tool.
   • 1880, William Boyd Dawkins, Early Man in Britain and His Place in the Tertiary Period:

     The later division of the Bronze age is characterised by the appearance of swords, spears, palstaves, and socketed celts.

Anagrams

• -lect, lect, lect.

Kashubian

Celt

Etymology

Etymology tree

German Zeltbor.

Kashubian celt

Borrowed from German Zelt. Compare Silesian celt.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡sɛlt/
• Rhymes: -ɛlt
• Syllabification: celt

Noun

celt m inan

1. tent

Further reading

• Eùgeniusz Gòłąbk (2011), “celt”, in Słownik Polsko-Kaszubski / Słowôrz Pòlskò-Kaszëbsczi‎^[2]
• Jan Trepczyk (1994), “celt”, in Słownik polsko-kaszubski (in Kashubian), volumes 1–2
• “celt”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

Latvian

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Baltic *kelti

Latvian celt

From Proto-Baltic *kelti, from Proto-Indo-European *kelH- (“to raise”). Cognates include Lithuanian kélti, Proto-Slavic *čelo (Russian чело (čelo, “forehead”)), Latin excellō (“to elevate, to raise”) (< *keld-), celsus (“high, outstanding”) (< *keld-tos).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈt͡sɛ̂lt]

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

cel̂t (transitive, 1st conjugation, present ceļu, cel, ceļ, past cēlu)

1. to lift, to raise (to move something upward)

   celt krēsli, akmeni ― to lift a chair, a stone

   celt saiņus ― to lift bundles

   celt glāzi pie lūpām ― to lift a glass to (one's) lips

   celt plecos nastu ― to lift a burden on (one's) shoulders

   celt maisus ārā no ratiem ― to lift (= take) bags out of the cart

   ko nevar celt, to nevar nest ― what you can't lift, you can't carry

   celt roku ― to raise (one's) hand

   celt kāju pāri slieksnim ― to raise (one's) foot above the threshold

   celt galvu (augstāk) ― to raise (one's) head (higher) (= be confident)

   celt degunu par augstu ― to raise (one's) nose high (= be conceited)

   necelt (ne savu) kāju ― to not lift one foot (= to not go)

2. (with galdā “at the table” or priekšā “ahead, at the front”) to offer, to serve (food, drinks) (lit. to lift to the table, to lift forward)

   tajā vakarā Anna līdz pat tumsai nebija skaidrībā, ko lai ceļ vīriešiem galdā ― that night Anna wasn't sure until dark of what (food) she should offer, serve to the men

   viesiem cēla priekšā visu labāko, kas vien patlaban mājā bija ― they offered the guests the best (food, drinks) they had at home

3. (with priekšā “ahead, at the front”) to show, to reveal (lit. to lift forward)

   sapulcēs viņš bija cēlis priekšā savu darbu “Senais Latvietis” ― in the meetings he had shown his work “The Ancient Latvian”

4. (with augšā “up(ward)”) to mention, to bring up (something previously known)

   pagastā runāja, ka Brīviņu ugunsgrēka lietu ceļot augšā ― in the parish they were saying that (someone) had apparently brought up the case of the Brīviņu fire

5. to take (something) across (a body of water), from one shore to the other

   celt tūristus pāri upei ar plostu ― to lift (= take) tourists across the river with a raft

   “Vilnis” ceļ pasažierus pāri Mazajai Daugavai ― the “Vilnis” lifts (= takes) passengers across the Little Daugava (river)

6. (of skills, knowledge) to build up, to raise, to improve, to develop

   celt savu kvalifikāciju ― to raise, improve one's skills

   celt darba ražīgumu ― to raise, improve (work) productivity

   mācoties no Padomju Savienības brālīgo tautu literatūras bagātīgās pieredzes, mūsu rakstnieki ceļ savu meistarību ― learning from the rich experience of the Soviet Union's brotherly folk literature, our writers develop their skills

7. (of people) to improve someone's reputation, standing, to dignify

   tas mani Jēkapeļa acīs lieliski cēla ― this (work) raised me (= made me seem more important) in Jēkapelis' eyes

   vīru ceļ darbi, ne valodas skaļas ― work, not loud talk, raises, dignifies people

8. (colloquial) to raise, to employ, to put to work (in a position of responsibility)

   celt par priekšnieku ― to make (lit. raise) someone a chief

   kas tad šos par ministriem cels, ja ne mēs paši ― who will make (lit. raise, lift) them ministers, if not we ourselves?

   celt āzi par dārznieku ― to raise, to employ a goat as a gardener (= to give a position to someone who cannot be trusted, who will misuse it)

9. to make (someone) rise, to awaken, to wake up (also figuratively)

   celt no rīta bērnus augšā ― to wake up (lit. lift up(ward)) the children in the morning

   rītos viņu ceļ gaiļa dziesma ― in the morning the rooster's crow wakes him up

   Lāčplēsis, diženais vīrs, latviešus cīniņā ceļ ― the Bear Slayer, a great man, awakened the Latvians in (= to) the struggle

10. to build, to construct (a house, a building, etc.)

    celt namu, skolu, rūpnīcu ― to build a house, a school, a factory

    celt pieminekli ― to build a monument

    jauno tiltu cēla draugu, brāļu rokas ― the hands of friends and brothers built the new bridge

    Egles māja bija celta no sarkaniem ķieģeļiem ― Egle's house was built of red bricks

    celt gaisa pilis ― to build air castles (i.e., to fantasize, to dream about impossible things)

11. (figuratively) to build, to make

    celt jauno dzīvi ― to build a new life

    jau šodien mēs ceļam rītdienu ― already today we are building tomorrow

    Kas pats zin atrast labu, ļaunu, / tas pasauli zin celt par jaunu ― he who knows good from evil / can build the world anew

12. (colloquial) to raise, to make, to create, to generate

    celt troksni kā elli ― to make noise like hell

    celt traci, paniku ― to raise (an) uproar, panic

    celt kādam neslavu ― to raise disrepute, infamy on someone (= to spread compromising information about someone)

13. (of claims, complaints, objections, protest) to raise, to allege

    pratināšanas sākumā izmeklētājs jautā apsūdzētajam, vai viņš atzīst sevi par vainīgu celtajā apsūdzībā ― at the beginning of the interrogation the investigator asked the accused if he declared himself guilty of the alleged charges

    amatpersonas, kurām piešķirta tiesība celt protestus, var apturēt attiecīgu spriedumu ― officers who were granted the right to raise protests, can stop the corresponding trial

    labākos kumosus, glītākās drēbes dabūja Dāvis... “viņš jau tāds slimīgs”,» aizstāvēja māte, kad Jūle ar Rūdi cēla iebildumus ― Dāvis got the best bites (of food), the pretties clothes... “he is so sickly,” (his) mother defended him, when Jūle and Rūde raised objections

Conjugation

Conjugation of celt (1st)

	indicative (īstenības izteiksme)					imperative (pavēles izteiksme)
		present (tagadne)	past (pagātne)		future (nākotne)
1st person sg	es	ceļu	cēlu		celšu	—
2nd person sg	tu	cel	cēli		celsi	cel
3rd person sg	viņš, viņa	ceļ	cēla		cels	lai ceļ
1st person pl	mēs	ceļam	cēlām		celsim	celsim
2nd person pl	jūs	ceļat	cēlāt		celsiet, celsit	celiet
3rd person pl	viņi, viņas	ceļ	cēla		cels	lai ceļ
renarrative (atstāstījuma izteiksme)				participles (divdabji)
present	ceļot			present active 1 (adj.)		ceļošs
past	esot cēlis			present active 2 (adv.)		celdams
future	celšot			present active 3 (adv.)		ceļot
imperative	lai ceļot			present active 4 (obj.)		ceļam
conditional (vēlējuma izteiksme)				past active		cēlis
present	celtu			present passive		ceļams
past	būtu cēlis			past passive		celts
debitive (vajadzības izteiksme)				nominal forms
indicative	(būt) jāceļ			infinitive (nenoteiksme)		celt
conjunctive 1	esot jāceļ			negative infinitive		necelt
conjunctive 2	jāceļot			verbal noun		celšana

Synonyms

• (of "to build"): būvēt

Derived terms

prefixed verbs:

• aizcelt
• apcelt
• atcelt
• iecelt
• izcelt
• nocelt
• pacelt
• pārcelt
• piecelt
• sacelt
• uzcelt

other derived terms:

• celties
• celtne
• celtnieks, celtniece, celtniecība
• celtnis
• celtuve

Related terms

• cilāt
• cildens, cildināt, izcils

Old Slovak

Etymology

Etymology tree

German Zeltbor.

Old Slovak celt

Borrowed from German Zelt (“tent”).

Noun

celt m inan

1. tent

Descendants

• > Slovak: celta (inherited)

Further reading

• Majtán, Milan et al., editors (1991–2008), “celt”, in Historický slovník slovenského jazyka [Historical Dictionary of the Slovak Language] (in Slovak), volumes 1–7 (A – Ž), Bratislava: VEDA, →OCLC

Romanian

Etymology

Etymology tree

French Celtebor.

Romanian celt

Borrowed from French Celte.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃelt/

Noun

celt m (plural celți, feminine equivalent celtă)

1. Celt (member of one of the ancient peoples of Western Europe)

   Synonym: gal

Declension

	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative-accusative	celt	celtul	celți	celții
genitive-dative	celt	celtului	celți	celților
vocative	celtule		celților

Adjective

celt m or n (feminine singular celtă, masculine plural celți, feminine/neuter plural celte)

1. Celtic

   Synonym: celtic

Declension

Declension of celt

		singular			plural
		masculine	neuter	feminine	masculine	neuter	feminine
nominative- accusative	indefinite	celt		celtă	celți	celte
	definite	celtul		celta	celții	celtele
genitive- dative	indefinite	celt		celte	celți	celte
	definite	celtului		celtei	celților	celtelor

Silesian

Etymology

Etymology tree

German Zeltbor.

Silesian celt

Borrowed from German Zelt. Compare Kashubian celt.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈt͡sɛlt/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɛlt
• Syllabification: celt

Noun

celt m inan

1. tent

Further reading

• celt in silling.org

Swedish

Noun

celt c

1. obsolete spelling of kelt

Declension

Declension of celt

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	celt	celts
	definite	celten	celtens
plural	indefinite	celter	celters
	definite	celterna	celternas

Vilamovian

celt

Etymology

Etymology tree

Old High German zelt

Vilamovian celt

Inherited from Old High German zelt.

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

celt n (plural celta)

1. tent