dhoofu

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Swahili

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Arabic ضَعُفَ (ḍaʕufa).

Pronunciation

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  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

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-dhoofu (infinitive kudhoofu)

  1. to become feeble, weak

Conjugation

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Conjugation of -dhoofu
Positive present -nadhoofu
Subjunctive -dhoofu
Negative -dhoofu
Imperative singular dhoofu
Infinitives
Positive kudhoofu
Negative kutodhoofu
Imperatives
Singular dhoofu
Plural dhoofuni
Tensed forms
Habitual hudhoofu
Positive past positive subject concord + -lidhoofu
Negative past negative subject concord + -kudhoofu
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nadhoofu)
Singular Plural
1st person ninadhoofu/nadhoofu tunadhoofu
2nd person unadhoofu mnadhoofu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anadhoofu wanadhoofu
other classes positive subject concord + -nadhoofu
Negative present (negative subject concord + -dhoofu)
Singular Plural
1st person sidhoofu hatudhoofu
2nd person hudhoofu hamdhoofu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hadhoofu hawadhoofu
other classes negative subject concord + -dhoofu
Positive future positive subject concord + -tadhoofu
Negative future negative subject concord + -tadhoofu
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -dhoofu)
Singular Plural
1st person nidhoofu tudhoofu
2nd person udhoofu mdhoofu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) adhoofu wadhoofu
other classes positive subject concord + -dhoofu
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sidhoofu
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngedhoofu
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singedhoofu
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalidhoofu
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalidhoofu
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -adhoofu)
Singular Plural
1st person nadhoofu twadhoofu
2nd person wadhoofu mwadhoofu
3rd person m-wa(I/II) adhoofu wadhoofu
m-mi(III/IV) wadhoofu yadhoofu
ji-ma(V/VI) ladhoofu yadhoofu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chadhoofu vyadhoofu
n(IX/X) yadhoofu zadhoofu
u(XI) wadhoofu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwadhoofu
pa(XVI) padhoofu
mu(XVIII) mwadhoofu
Perfect positive subject concord + -medhoofu
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshadhoofu
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jadhoofu
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kidhoofu
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipodhoofu
Consecutive kadhoofu / positive subject concord + -kadhoofu
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kadhoofu
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nidhoofu -tudhoofu
2nd person -kudhoofu -wadhoofu/-kudhoofuni/-wadhoofuni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mdhoofu -wadhoofu
m-mi(III/IV) -udhoofu -idhoofu
ji-ma(V/VI) -lidhoofu -yadhoofu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kidhoofu -vidhoofu
n(IX/X) -idhoofu -zidhoofu
u(XI) -udhoofu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kudhoofu
pa(XVI) -padhoofu
mu(XVIII) -mudhoofu
Reflexive -jidhoofu
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -dhoofu- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -dhoofuye -dhoofuo
m-mi(III/IV) -dhoofuo -dhoofuyo
ji-ma(V/VI) -dhoofulo -dhoofuyo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -dhoofucho -dhoofuvyo
n(IX/X) -dhoofuyo -dhoofuzo
u(XI) -dhoofuo see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -dhoofuko
pa(XVI) -dhoofupo
mu(XVIII) -dhoofumo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -dhoofu)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yedhoofu -odhoofu
m-mi(III/IV) -odhoofu -yodhoofu
ji-ma(V/VI) -lodhoofu -yodhoofu
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chodhoofu -vyodhoofu
n(IX/X) -yodhoofu -zodhoofu
u(XI) -odhoofu see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kodhoofu
pa(XVI) -podhoofu
mu(XVIII) -modhoofu
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

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  • dhaifu (weak, faint, feeble; deficient, junky, shabby)