dhuru

Gamilaraay

dhuru

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /duru/

Noun

dhuru

1. snake

References

• Dhiirrala Gamilaraay Yuwaalaraay Language Program St Joseph School Po Box 125 Walgett NSW 2368 Australia
• (2003) Gamilaraay Yuwaalaraay Yuwaalayaay Dictionary
• (2015) Ma Gamilaraay
• (2016) Gamilaraay Garay yaadhagu

Swahili

Etymology

Borrowed from Arabic ضَرَّ (ḍarra).

Pronunciation

• Audio (Kenya):

  (file)

Verb

-dhuru (infinitive kudhuru)

1. to hurt, to injure, to damage, to harm

Conjugation

Conjugation of -dhuru
Positive present -nadhuru Subjunctive -dhuru Negative -dhuru Imperative singular dhuru
Infinitives
Positive kudhuru Negative kutodhuru
Imperatives
Singular dhuru Plural dhuruni
Tensed forms
Habitual hudhuru Positive past positive subject concord + -lidhuru Negative past negative subject concord + -kudhuru
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nadhuru) Singular Plural 1st person ninadhuru/nadhuru tunadhuru 2nd person unadhuru mnadhuru 3rd person m-wa(I/II) anadhuru wanadhuru other classes positive subject concord + -nadhuru
Negative present (negative subject concord + -dhuru) Singular Plural 1st person sidhuru hatudhuru 2nd person hudhuru hamdhuru 3rd person m-wa(I/II) hadhuru hawadhuru other classes negative subject concord + -dhuru
Positive future positive subject concord + -tadhuru Negative future negative subject concord + -tadhuru
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -dhuru) Singular Plural 1st person nidhuru tudhuru 2nd person udhuru mdhuru 3rd person m-wa(I/II) adhuru wadhuru other classes positive subject concord + -dhuru
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sidhuru Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngedhuru Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singedhuru Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalidhuru Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalidhuru
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -adhuru) Singular Plural 1st person nadhuru twadhuru 2nd person wadhuru mwadhuru 3rd person m-wa(I/II) adhuru wadhuru m-mi(III/IV) wadhuru yadhuru ji-ma(V/VI) ladhuru yadhuru ki-vi(VII/VIII) chadhuru vyadhuru n(IX/X) yadhuru zadhuru u(XI) wadhuru see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) kwadhuru pa(XVI) padhuru mu(XVIII) mwadhuru
Perfect positive subject concord + -medhuru "Already" positive subject concord + -meshadhuru "Not yet" negative subject concord + -jadhuru "If/When" positive subject concord + -kidhuru "If not" positive subject concord + -sipodhuru Consecutive kadhuru / positive subject concord + -kadhuru Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kadhuru
Object concord (indicative positive) Singular Plural 1st person -nidhuru -tudhuru 2nd person -kudhuru -wadhuru/-kudhuruni/-wadhuruni 3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mdhuru -wadhuru m-mi(III/IV) -udhuru -idhuru ji-ma(V/VI) -lidhuru -yadhuru ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kidhuru -vidhuru n(IX/X) -idhuru -zidhuru u(XI) -udhuru see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kudhuru pa(XVI) -padhuru mu(XVIII) -mudhuru Reflexive -jidhuru
Relative forms General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -dhuru- + relative marker) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -dhuruye -dhuruo m-mi(III/IV) -dhuruo -dhuruyo ji-ma(V/VI) -dhurulo -dhuruyo ki-vi(VII/VIII) -dhurucho -dhuruvyo n(IX/X) -dhuruyo -dhuruzo u(XI) -dhuruo see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -dhuruko pa(XVI) -dhurupo mu(XVIII) -dhurumo Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -dhuru) Singular Plural m-wa(I/II) -yedhuru -odhuru m-mi(III/IV) -odhuru -yodhuru ji-ma(V/VI) -lodhuru -yodhuru ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chodhuru -vyodhuru n(IX/X) -yodhuru -zodhuru u(XI) -odhuru see n(X) or ma(VI) class ku(XV/XVII) -kodhuru pa(XVI) -podhuru mu(XVIII) -modhuru
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Derived terms

• Verbal derivations:
  • Applicative: -dhuria
  • Causative: -dhurisha
  • Passive: -dhuriwa
  • Reciprocal: -dhuriana
  • Stative: -dhurika

Related terms

• dhara (“harm, loss, injury”)