jalan
Balinese[edit]
Romanization[edit]
jalan
- Romanization of ᬚᬮᬦ᭄.
Banjarese[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Malayic *jalan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Austronesian *zalan.
Noun[edit]
jalan
- path (a course taken)
Finnish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
Instructive singular form of jalka (“foot”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Adverb[edit]
jalan
Synonyms[edit]
Noun[edit]
jalan
Anagrams[edit]
Indonesian[edit]
Alternative forms[edit]
- djalan (van Ophuijsen (1901–1947), Republik/Soewandi (1947–1972))
Etymology[edit]
From Malay jalan, from Classical Malay jalan, from Proto-Malayic *jalan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Austronesian *zalan. Doublet of jalang.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
jalan (first-person possessive jalanku, second-person possessive jalanmu, third-person possessive jalannya)
- A physical way (a road, trail, etc) used for traffic (by pedestrians, vehicles, etc); path; road; track
- (astronomy) orbit: a circular or elliptical path of a celestial object or spacecraft around a star, planet, or moon, especially a periodic elliptical revolution.
- chance: an opportunity or possibility
- Synonyms: kans, kesempatan, peluang
Verb[edit]
jalan (intransitive)
- (colloquial) synonym of berjalan
Conjugation[edit]
Conjugation of jalan (ber-, intransitive) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Root | jalan | ||||
Active | Involuntary | Passive | Imperative | Jussive | |
Active | berjalan | – | – | jalan | jalanlah |
Locative | menjalani | terjalani | dijalani | jalani | jalanilah |
Causative / Applicative1 | menjalankan | terjalankan | dijalankan | jalankan | jalankanlah |
Causative | |||||
Locative | – | – | – | – | – |
Causative / Applicative1 | – | – | – | – | – |
1The -kan row is either causative or applicative, with transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning. Notes: Some of these forms do normally not exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning. |
Adjective[edit]
jalan
Synonyms[edit]
Derived terms[edit]
- berjalan-jalan (“to take a walk”)
- berjalan (“to walk”)
- jalanan (“street”)
- jalan-jalan (“to go for a stroll”)
- kesejalanan
- menjalani (“to walk on; to undergo, to endure; to go through a period of your life”)
- menjalankan (“to drive, to operate; to start, to put into operation; to carry out, to perform”)
- pejalan
- perjalanan
- sejalan (“parallel, to be in accordance with”)
- jalan air
- jalan air internasional
- jalan alternatif
- jalan angan-angan
- jalan angin
- jalan arteri
- jalan bahasa
- jalan bebas
- jalan bebas hambatan
- jalan bebas purata
- jalan belakang
- jalan bentar
- jalan besar
- jalan buntu
- jalan butulan
- jalan cepat
- jalan damai
- jalan darat
- jalan gelap
- jalan hidup
- jalan kabupaten
- jalan kaki
- jalan keluar
- jalan kerucut
- jalan kolektor
- jalan kompromi
- jalan kota
- jalan layang
- jalan layang nontol
- jalan lepas
- jalan lingkar
- jalan lingkungan
- jalan lintas pemandangan satwa liar
- jalan lokal
- jalan lurus
- jalan masuk
- jalan masuk panggung
- jalan mati
- jalan memintas
- jalan naik
- jalan napas
- jalan nasional
- jalan parkir udara
- jalan pedalaman
- jalan pendekat
- jalan pikiran
- jalan pintas
- jalan protokol
- jalan provinsi
- jalan raya
- jalan salib
- jalan samping
- jalan serong
- jalan setapak
- jalan simpang
- jalan simpang susun
- jalan sutra
- jalan tembus
- jalan tengah
- jalan terang
- jalan terbuka
- jalan tikus
- jalan tol
- jalan udara
- jalan umum
- jalan utama
- selamat jalan (“bon voyage”)
Further reading[edit]
- “jalan” in Online Great Dictionary of the Indonesian Language [Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia Daring], Jakarta: Language Development and Fostering Agency — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.
Javanese[edit]
Romanization[edit]
jalan
- Romanization of ꦗꦭꦤ꧀.
Malay[edit]
Etymology[edit]
First attested in the Kedukan Bukit inscription, 683AD. From Proto-Malayic *jalan, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *zalan, from Proto-Austronesian *zalan.
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
jalan (Jawi spelling جالن, plural jalan-jalan, informal 1st possessive jalanku, 2nd possessive jalanmu, 3rd possessive jalannya)
Verb[edit]
jalan (intransitive, used in the form berjalan)
Derived terms[edit]
Regular affixed derivations:
- penjalan [agentive / qualitative / instrumental / abstract / measure] (peN-)
- jalanan (“street”) [resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (-an)
- jalan-jalan (“to go for a stroll”) [reduplication] (redup)
- berjalan-jalan (“to talk a walk”) [reduplication + stative / habitual] (redup + beR-)
- sejalan (“parallel, to be in accordance with”) [comparability] (se-)
- perjalan [causative passive] (peR-)
- perjalanan [causative passive + resultative / locative / collective / variety / verbal noun / fruit] (peR- + -an)
- jalankan [causative benefactive] (-kan)
- jalani [causative (locative) benefactive] (-i)
- menjalankan (“to drive, to operate; to start, to put into operation; to carry out, to perform”) [agent focus + causative benefactive] (meN- + -kan)
- menjalani (“to walk on; to undergo, to endure; to go through a period of your life”) [agent focus + causative (locative) benefactive] (meN- + -i)
- berjalan (“to walk”) [stative / habitual] (beR-)
Descendants[edit]
References[edit]
- Wilkinson, Richard James (1901), “جالن jalan”, in A Malay-English dictionary, Hong Kong: Kelly & Walsh limited, page 216
- Wilkinson, Richard James (1932), “jalan”, in A Malay-English dictionary (romanised), volume I, Mytilene, Greece: Salavopoulos & Kinderlis, page 438
Further reading[edit]
- “jalan” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.
Serbo-Croatian[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
Borrowed from Ottoman Turkish یالان (yalan, “lie”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Noun[edit]
jàlān m (Cyrillic spelling ја̀ла̄н)
Etymology 2[edit]
Denominal from the noun jàlān (“lie, deceit; forgery”).
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
jàlān (definite jàlnī, Cyrillic spelling ја̀ла̄н)
Declension[edit]
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | jalan | jalna | jalno | |
genitive | jalna | jalne | jalna | |
dative | jalnu | jalnoj | jalnu | |
accusative | inanimate animate |
jalan jalna |
jalnu | jalno |
vocative | jalan | jalna | jalno | |
locative | jalnu | jalnoj | jalnu | |
instrumental | jalnim | jalnom | jalnim | |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | jalni | jalne | jalna | |
genitive | jalnih | jalnih | jalnih | |
dative | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) | |
accusative | jalne | jalne | jalna | |
vocative | jalni | jalne | jalna | |
locative | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) | |
instrumental | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) |
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | jalni | jalna | jalno | |
genitive | jalnog(a) | jalne | jalnog(a) | |
dative | jalnom(u/e) | jalnoj | jalnom(u/e) | |
accusative | inanimate animate |
jalni jalnog(a) |
jalnu | jalno |
vocative | jalni | jalna | jalno | |
locative | jalnom(e/u) | jalnoj | jalnom(e/u) | |
instrumental | jalnim | jalnom | jalnim | |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | jalni | jalne | jalna | |
genitive | jalnih | jalnih | jalnih | |
dative | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) | |
accusative | jalne | jalne | jalna | |
vocative | jalni | jalne | jalna | |
locative | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) | |
instrumental | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) |
Etymology 3[edit]
Pronunciation[edit]
Adjective[edit]
jálan (definite jȃlnī, comparative jàlnijī, Cyrillic spelling ја́лан)
Declension[edit]
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | jalan | jalna | jalno | |
genitive | jalna | jalne | jalna | |
dative | jalnu | jalnoj | jalnu | |
accusative | inanimate animate |
jalan jalna |
jalnu | jalno |
vocative | jalan | jalna | jalno | |
locative | jalnu | jalnoj | jalnu | |
instrumental | jalnim | jalnom | jalnim | |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | jalni | jalne | jalna | |
genitive | jalnih | jalnih | jalnih | |
dative | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) | |
accusative | jalne | jalne | jalna | |
vocative | jalni | jalne | jalna | |
locative | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) | |
instrumental | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) |
singular | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
---|---|---|---|---|
nominative | jalni | jalna | jalno | |
genitive | jalnog(a) | jalne | jalnog(a) | |
dative | jalnom(u/e) | jalnoj | jalnom(u/e) | |
accusative | inanimate animate |
jalni jalnog(a) |
jalnu | jalno |
vocative | jalni | jalna | jalno | |
locative | jalnom(e/u) | jalnoj | jalnom(e/u) | |
instrumental | jalnim | jalnom | jalnim | |
plural | masculine | feminine | neuter | |
nominative | jalni | jalne | jalna | |
genitive | jalnih | jalnih | jalnih | |
dative | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) | |
accusative | jalne | jalne | jalna | |
vocative | jalni | jalne | jalna | |
locative | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) | |
instrumental | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) | jalnim(a) |
Spanish[edit]
Verb[edit]
jalan
Sundanese[edit]
Romanization[edit]
jalan
- Romanization of ᮏᮜᮔ᮪
- Balinese non-lemma forms
- Balinese romanizations
- Banjarese terms inherited from Proto-Malayic
- Banjarese terms derived from Proto-Malayic
- Banjarese terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Banjarese terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Banjarese terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Banjarese terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Banjarese lemmas
- Banjarese nouns
- Finnish 2-syllable words
- Finnish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑlɑn
- Rhymes:Finnish/ɑlɑn/2 syllables
- Finnish lemmas
- Finnish adverbs
- Finnish non-lemma forms
- Finnish noun forms
- Indonesian terms inherited from Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Malay
- Indonesian terms inherited from Classical Malay
- Indonesian terms derived from Classical Malay
- Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayic
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayic
- Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Indonesian terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Indonesian terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Indonesian doublets
- Indonesian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Indonesian/an
- Rhymes:Indonesian/an/2 syllables
- Indonesian lemmas
- Indonesian nouns
- Requests for plural forms in Indonesian entries
- id:Astronomy
- Indonesian verbs
- Indonesian colloquialisms
- Indonesian adjectives
- Javanese non-lemma forms
- Javanese romanizations
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayic
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayic
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian
- Malay terms inherited from Proto-Austronesian
- Malay terms derived from Proto-Austronesian
- Malay terms with IPA pronunciation
- Rhymes:Malay/alan
- Rhymes:Malay/lan
- Rhymes:Malay/an
- Malay terms with audio links
- Malay lemmas
- Malay nouns
- Malay verbs
- Serbo-Croatian terms borrowed from Ottoman Turkish
- Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Ottoman Turkish
- Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation
- Serbo-Croatian lemmas
- Serbo-Croatian nouns
- Serbo-Croatian masculine nouns
- Serbo-Croatian adjectives
- Spanish non-lemma forms
- Spanish verb forms
- Sundanese non-lemma forms
- Sundanese romanizations