kun

See also: -kun, kūn, kǔn, kún, kùn, and kůň

English

Etymology

From Japanese 訓読み, kun-yomi, literally "meaning reading" (i.e. pronunciation based on meaning).

Noun

kun (uncountable)

1. In the Japanese language, the pronunciation, or reading, of a kanji character as a native Japanese word that means what the character represents, contrasted with on.

   Most kanji have two kinds of reading, called "on" and "kun".

Anagrams

• unk.

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Czech

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkun]
• Rhymes: -un

Noun

1. genitive plural of kuna

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Danish

Etymology

Contraction of Old Danish ække uten (“nothing but,”) from Old Norse ekki (“not”) and útan (“without.”)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkʰɔn]

Adverb

kun

1. only

Synonyms

• blot, ikkun (obsolete)

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Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kʏn/

• Audio:

  (file)

Verb

kun

1. (deprecated template usage) second-person singular present indicative of kunnen

   Kun jij iets doen voor mij?

   Can you do something for me?

Usage notes

As is usual in Dutch, the -t is dropped when the pronoun jij / je immediately follows the verb. However, unlike for all other verbs, the form that results is not identical to the first-person singular, which is kan. The form kan is also frequently used, by analogy with regular verbs, but it may be considered nonstandard by some.

Synonyms

• kan

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Esperanto

Etymology

From Latin cum; Italian, Spanish con

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): [kun]
• Hyphenation: kun

Preposition

kun

1. in the company of, with
2. in addition to
3. characteristic considered separately from the whole
   • (Can we date this quote by L. L. Zamenhof and provide title, author’s full name, and other details?)

     Vorto dirita en ĝusta tempo estas kiel oraj pomoj kun arĝentaj ŝeloj.

     A word said at the right time is like golden apples with silver skins.

Derived terms

• kun- (“together”)
• kunigi
• kuniĝi
• kunligi

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Finnish

Etymology

The singular instructive case of kuka, from Proto-Uralic *ku-. Originally a lesser used variant of kuin; modern differences between the two were introduced when the language was standardized.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkun/, [ˈkun]

Conjunction

kun

1. when, as (temporal: at the same time or instant that)

   Sain viestisi, kun olin jo matkalla lentokentälle.

   I got your message when I was already on my way to the airport.

   Hän ilmestyi antamaan ohjeita, kun olin jo saanut työn valmiiksi.

   He showed up to give instructions when I had already finished the job.

2. often with the clitic -han to express that the event of the main clause takes place immediately after that of the subclause: as soon as

   Tulen tapaamaan sinua, kun(han) saan tämän valmiiksi.

   I will come to see you as soon as I finish this job.

3. because, since

   Hän menetti työpaikkansa, kun tuli aina myöhässä.

   She lost her job because she was always late.

   En voi tulla huomenna, minulla kun on aamuvuoro.

   I cannot come tomorrow as I have the morning shift.

4. Short for kunpa.

Derived terms

• ei kun
• kunpa
• silloin kun
• sitten kun
• voi kun

Related terms

• kuin
• kunnes

Pronoun

kun

1. (relative, colloquial) that, who, which, where

   Täällä on eräs mies, kun haluaisi tavata johtajaa.

   Täällä on eräs mies, joka haluaisi tavata johtajaa. (standard)

   There's somebody here who'd like to see the boss.

   Synonym: joka

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Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈkun]
• Hyphenation: kun

Noun

kun (plural kunok)

1. Cuman (member of a nomadic Turkic people of central Asia)

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	kun	kunok
accusative	kunt	kunokat
dative	kunnak	kunoknak
instrumental	kunnal	kunokkal
causal-final	kunért	kunokért
translative	kunná	kunokká
terminative	kunig	kunokig
essive-formal	kunként	kunokként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	kunban	kunokban
superessive	kunon	kunokon
adessive	kunnál	kunoknál
illative	kunba	kunokba
sublative	kunra	kunokra
allative	kunhoz	kunokhoz
elative	kunból	kunokból
delative	kunról	kunokról
ablative	kuntól	kunoktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	kuné	kunoké
non-attributive possessive - plural	kunéi	kunokéi

Possessive forms of kun
possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	kunom	kunjaim
2nd person sing.	kunod	kunjaid
3rd person sing.	kunja	kunjai
1st person plural	kununk	kunjaink
2nd person plural	kunotok	kunjaitok
3rd person plural	kunjuk	kunjaik

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Ido

Preposition

kun

1. with

   Ilu iris kun elu a la parko.

   He went with her to the park.

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Japanese

Romanization

kun

1. Rōmaji transcription of くん

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Kavalan

Etymology

Borrowed from .

Noun

kun

1. pants; trousers
2. skirt; sarong

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Mandarin

Romanization

kun

1. Nonstandard spelling of kūn.
2. Nonstandard spelling of kǔn.
3. Nonstandard spelling of kùn.

Usage notes

• Transcriptions of Mandarin into the Latin script often do not distinguish between the critical tonal differences employed in the Mandarin language, using words such as this one without indication of tone.

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Norwegian Bokmål

Adverb

kun

1. only

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Novial

Preposition

1. with (in the company of)

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Polish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kun/

Noun

kun f

1. genitive plural of kuna

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Southeastern Tepehuan

Etymology

From Proto-Uto-Aztecan *kuna.

Noun

kun (third person singular possession kunaaꞌn)

1. husband

Derived terms

• kuntaꞌ

References

• R. de Willett, Elizabeth, et al. (2016) Diccionario tepehuano de Santa María Ocotán, Durango (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 48)‎^[1] (in Spanish), electronic edition, Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, A.C., page 115

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Uzbek

Other scripts
Cyrillic	кун (kun)‍
Latin	kun‍
Perso-Arabic

Etymology

From Proto-Turkic *gün.

Noun

kun (plural kunlar)

1. day
2. sun

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Volapük

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [kun]

Noun

kun (nominative plural kuns)

1. cow

Declension

declension of kun

	singular	plural
nominative	kun	kuns
genitive	kuna	kunas
dative	kune	kunes
accusative	kuni	kunis
vocative 1	o kun!	o kuns!
predicative 2	kunu	kunus

• ¹ status as a case is disputed
• ² in later, non-classical Volapük only

Synonyms

• jibub

Antonyms

• hibub
• tor

Derived terms

• kunül (“cow calf, female calf”)

Related terms

• bub
• veter

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Wik-Mungkan

Noun

kun

1. excrement, faeces, shit

Synonyms

• kaka

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Yámana

Noun

kun

1. oil